RU2113792C1 - Method of protection of wintering plants, in part carrot, from winter-killing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes the following composition, wt. -%: phenoxyacetic acid triethanolamine salt (crezacine), 50; 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 10; 1-chloromethylsilatran (mival), 20; and polyhydroxyalkylene organosiloxane block-copolymer, 20. Method can be used for plant protection, in part biennial vegetable plants, growing in nontransplanting culture. Method ensures to increase carrot seeds viability by 35% and carrot yield by 80%. EFFECT: increased viability and yield of carrot. 2 tbl, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of cultivation of testes, agricultural plants, in particular carrots.

 Root crops selected for growing seeds are stored in winter in temperature-controlled vegetable stores, where they carry out a set of measures to protect carrots from various diseases. To grow seeds in spring, fungicides treated with root crops are planted in the field at the rate of 50-70 thousand mother plants per 1 ha. All this requires a lot of labor and money [1].

 In order to reduce the cost of growing seeds, direct seed growing is used. Growing carrot seeds in a direct way is possible in areas of Central Asia, the North Caucasus and in the south of Ukraine. Even in these relatively favorable regions, 30-50% of plants survive after overwintering, and the surviving plants are weakened with reduced viability and seed productivity [1].

 It is known that it is possible to increase the resistance of plants to low winter temperatures using methods that include treating plants or seeds with aqueous or hydrophobic compounds, including growth regulators of cryoprotective effects: protect winter crops and apple trees from freezing by winter treatment with methyl phenylsiloxane [2]; protection of Meyer lemon, winter crops and apple trees by processing them with an oxyalkylene organosiloxane block copolymer (BS) [3]; protection of grapes from freezing by processing it during the growing season with 1-chloromethylsilatran (mival) [4] and triethanolamine salt of phenoxyacetic acid (crezacin) [4]; [5].

 The disadvantage of the method based on the use of compositions including dimethylbischloroethoxysilane, methylphenylsilocane, BS mival and crezacin is their low efficiency for protecting carrot plants during wintering in the field.

 The task of the invention is to increase the number of overwintering plants in the field of carrots, increase their viability, respectively, the seed yield.

This problem is solved by a method involving the treatment of vegetative carrot plants with an aqueous solution of phenosil composition at a concentration of 0.002-0.02%, including, wt.%:
Phenoxyacetic acid triethanolamine salt (crezacin) - 50
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4D herbicide) - 10
1-chloromethylsilatran (mival) - 20
Oxyalkyleneorganosiloxane block copolymer (BS) - 20
A known method of protecting wintering plants, in particular carrots, from freezing by processing them during the growing season with aqueous solutions of crezacin [6]. The use of 2.4D for the destruction of weeds in wheat crops is known, the use of 2.4D for protecting wintering plants from freezing is unknown. The use of crezacin, 2.4D, mivala and BS and their mixtures to protect carrots from freezing and increase seed productivity of the testes is not known. The components of the composition: krezacin, 2.4D, mival are included in the "List of chemical plant protection products approved for use in Russia". BS is a practically non-toxic drug, LD ₅₀ = 50 g / kg - hazard class IV.

 The phenosil composition is prepared by mixing powdered preparations (crezacin, 2.4D, Mival) in the above proportion, followed by rubbing with a viscous liquid BS with surfactant properties until a homogeneous paste is obtained.

 Aqueous phenosil solutions for processing carrot crops are prepared on the day of use, after preliminary swelling of the paste composition with a small amount of water for 1-2 hours. Carrot crops are sprayed with an aqueous phenosil solution with tractor or knapsack sprayers.

Example 1. Tests of phenosil and its components are carried out in the conditions of the North Caucasian experimental station for vegetable growing VNIISSOK. The area of the accounting plot is 28 m ² . Two-line plot (70 cm) of 10 m in 4-fold repetition.

 Autumn processing of testes with an aqueous solution of phenosil is carried out on 10.27.93 g. The number of overgrown plants is taken into account on 05.16.94. The effect of the method based on the use of the phenosil composition on the number of living plants after wintering, in comparison with the prototype [5] and composition components, is shown in table . one.

 The effectiveness of phenosil on the number of overwintered plants is higher than that of the prototype or the total effect of any combination of the preparations used.

 Example 2. The effect of phenosil on the seed productivity of mother liquors of carrots "Losinoostrovskaya 13" is studied in the North Caucasus experimental vegetable growing station VNIISSOK. Harvesting is carried out manually. Seed yield is determined from 20 plants in each variant. The mass of seeds is found according to the method of GOST 12042-80. The results are presented in table. 2.

 The yield of seeds from one mother liquor was the highest in the variant of 0.02% phenosil due to plant thinning. The highest yield from 1 p.m. is in the variant 0.005% phenosil, due to the largest number of overwintered and overgrown plants (see table 1).

 Output. A method of protecting carrots from freezing using the composition of phenosil in a concentration of 0.002-0.02% is effective to increase the number of carrot seed plants growing in spring and the seed productivity in a non-transplanted culture.

 Literature.

 1. Ludilov V.A. Seed farming of vegetables and melons. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1987, p. 222.

 2. Krylov SV, Chernyshev EA, Korzinnikov Yu.S. and others. Means for increasing the winter hardiness of plants. A.S. USSR N 1665562 from 07.31.89.

 3. Krylov SV, Korzinnikov Yu.S., Northern VV and others. Means for increasing the winter hardiness of plants. A.S. USSR N 1757559. B.I. N 32, 1992.

 4. Korzinnikov Yu.S., Dyakov V.M., Kazakova V.N. Plant Growth Regulators. - L .: Ed. VIR, 1989, p. 118-121.

 5. Voronkov M.G., Dyakov V.M., Bondarev V.I. etc. A method of protecting grape plants from frost. A.S. USSR N 904639. B.I. 1981.

 6. Korzinnikov Yu.S. et al. Plant growth regulators are derivatives of triethanolamine. Collection of articles VIR, L., 1989, p. 118-121.

Claims (1)

A method of protecting wintering plants, in particular carrots, from freezing by treating them during the growing season with aqueous solutions of crezacinatriethanolamine salt of phenoxyacetic acid, characterized in that the wintering carrot plants are treated with a composition containing additional 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1-chloromethylsiloxane and polyoxyalkyleneoxane the ratio of components, wt.%:
Phenoxyacetic acid triethylamine salt (crezacin) - 50
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4 D) - 10
1-Chloromethylsilatran (mival) - 20
Polyoxyalkyleneorganosiloxane block copolymer - 20
at a concentration of 0.002 - 0.02%.

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