RU211093U1 - Boom rack stacker crane with elastic element - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used as a hoisting mechanism for maintenance of shelving warehouses having a semicircular shape. Boom rack stacker crane with an elastic element contains an angular boom that can be rotated around a fixed horizontal axis. A movable cargo carriage moves along the boom guides. A load-handling device is located on the cargo carriage, on the supporting surface of which loads are placed. The lifting device has the ability to rotate about the horizontal axis of the cargo carriage. On the boom, one of the boom shelves is connected by an elastic element to a fixed post. New technological capabilities of the crane appear. Rotation of the boom around the axis makes it possible to serve a semi-circular warehouse. The presence of an elastic element, as well as the replacement of high-speed rotary joints of the movable joints of the crane links with fixed supports with low-speed ones, makes it possible to reduce the energy costs associated with lifting the boom and load. Simplifies the design of the crane and the warehouse due to the transition to railless storage technology. Trackless technology improves crane performance by reducing the frequency of periodic inspection and cleaning of the floor surface of the warehouse from foreign objects.

Description

The utility model relates to lifting and transport machines, in particular to stacker cranes, and can be used to move goods within a storage area, which is a section of two racks.

Known tower crane with a fixed tower and girder boom [Tower cranes: Textbook for environments. prof.-tech. schools / Nevzorov L. A., Pazelsky G. N., Romanyukha V. A. - 4th ed., revised. and additional - M.: Higher. school, 1980 - 326 p., fig. 1b, p. 6], containing a tower, an arrow, a cargo cart moving along the boom guides, a counterweight console, a counterweight, ballast, a running frame, running carts, a head, a cabin, a hook suspension and winches. The boom of this crane rotates around the axis of the tower, located mainly vertically.

The disadvantages of this device are: the difficulty or impossibility of working inside a closed rack-type warehouse due to the flexible cable suspension of the load, due to the rocking of the load due to the flexibility of the suspension of the latter. The crane, as a free-standing object, has limited stability and may tip over. Its use necessitates the use of rail tracks with a sufficiently wide gauge, which reduce the usable area of the warehouse.

The closest in its technical essence and the achieved technical effect to the proposed utility model is a rack stacker crane [Rachkov E. V. Special handling equipment for transport terminals. Tutorial. Part 1. - M.: Altair-MGAVT, 2015. - 80 p., fig. 17a, p. 21], containing a trolley that moves along the crane tracks in the aisle between two rows of racks, on which a vertically located fixed column is rigidly mounted. A cargo carriage moves along the column in the vertical direction. A load gripping device is installed on the cargo carriage, which can have a different design to capture different types of cargo. With its help, loading and unloading of goods on the racks of both rows is carried out. The width of the undercarriage does not exceed the width of the passage between the racks. The undercarriage has at least two wheels that roll on the rail. At the same time, the column has rollers on top, based on guides mounted above the warehouse racks, so that the stacker crane does not lose stability in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the undercarriage.

The disadvantages of this device are: the impossibility of its use inside the warehouse, which is shaped like a semicircular arched hangar (when the racks are located along the arch), since the fixed column of the stacker crane has a constant height and is always oriented vertically, relatively high energy costs that occur when moving cargo from the warehouse entry bin, which is usually located at the bottom level in the first vertical row of racks, to the target bin of the rack, or vice versa. Any movement in the horizontal direction requires movement of the undercarriage with the column. Their mass is relatively large and averages 1-3 tons. In addition, to use this stacker crane, it is necessary to lay at least two rail tracks - one along the floor of the warehouse and one above the racks. This increases the cost of building a warehouse. Rail tracks must be constantly maintained in a state free from foreign objects and particles that may be on the lower tracks, including in the event of a possible violation of the integrity of the cargo package. The latter requires additional time, involvement of personnel or specialized equipment. During the cleaning of the tracks, the work of the stacker crane must be stopped, which reduces its productivity and, ultimately, increases the cost of using the entire warehouse.

The objective of the utility model is to create a stacker crane capable of operating inside a warehouse in the form of a semicircular arched hangar, reducing energy costs for loading and unloading cargo, simplifying the design of the crane, and increasing the productivity of the crane.

This achieves the following technical results:

1) the ability to work inside the warehouse in the form of a semicircular arched hangar;

2) reduction of energy costs when moving cargo from the point of loading to the target cell of the warehouse or back in the rack warehouse;

3) reducing the number of movable connections of the crane links with fixed supports and simplifying its design due to this. Simplification of the structure of the warehouse due to the transition to railless storage technology.

4) increasing the productivity of the crane due to the absence of rail tracks and the need for their periodic inspection and cleaning.

These technical results are achieved due to the fact that the stacker crane contains an angular-shaped boom, consisting of two shelves, which can rotate around a horizontal axis, a movable cargo carriage is located on the guides of one of the two shelves of the boom, a load gripping device is located on the cargo carriage, on the support the surface of which the load can be placed, the second shelf of the boom is connected by an elastic element to a fixed rack.

The utility model is illustrated by the attached drawing and the following description, where the figure shows a side view of a stacker jib crane with an elastic element.

The jib rack stacker crane contains an arrow 1, a cargo carriage 2, a lifting device 3, a load 4, an elastic element 5 (figure 1).

In the device, which includes a rotary boom 1 with the ability to rotate around a fixed horizontal axis, on the translational guides of the boom 1 there is a cargo carriage 2 with the ability to move the latter along the guides. The axis of rotation of the boom is fixed and is located horizontally, the longitudinal line of symmetry of the boom has an angular (in particular cases, a rectangular L-shaped or straight) profile. On the rails of the carriage 2 there is a load gripping device 3 with or without a load 4. The device has an elastic element 5, which connects the second shelf of the boom 1 with a fixed rack. The lifting device 3 has the ability to rotate about the horizontal axis of the cargo carriage 2, as well as translational movement along the guides relative to the cargo carriage 2 in the horizontal direction, in both directions.

The vertical plane of the possible positions of the boom is located between the vertical planes of the ends of the two racks serviced by a crane. The loading point of the warehouse (point of input-output of goods) is located as close as possible to the axis of rotation of the boom.

The device jib rack stacker crane operates as follows. If it is necessary to capture cargo 4 (or vice versa, unload it), if the location of the target cell of the rack differs from the current location of the load gripping device 3 and the cargo carriage 2, in general, three movements occur simultaneously:

1) rotation of the boom 1 around its axis of rotation to a new position;

2) moving the cargo carriage 2 along the boom to a new position, in which the load gripping device 3, located on the cargo carriage 2, is opposite the target cell;

3) rotation of the load handling device 3 (with or without load 4) around the horizontal axis of the load carriage 2 so that the support plane of the load handling device 3 is always oriented horizontally.

In a particular case, some of the listed movements may be absent if they are not necessary. When the boom 1 rotates, the elastic element 5 changes its length, which leads to a change in the torque created by it, which balances the moments of gravity of other moving elements of the structure and load 4.

After moving to the target cell, the load handling device 3 captures the load 4 from the target cell, placing it on its reference plane, or, on the contrary, unloads the load 4 into the target cell of the rack. The described cycle is then repeated.

The use of new elements: a swivel boom makes it possible to use the device inside a warehouse, shaped like a semicircular arched hangar, when the racks, each of which has a variable height and a shape close to a semicircular, are located along the arches of the hangar.

The use of new elements: an arrow and an elastic element, provides a reduction in energy costs during periodic lifting of the boom and loads, as well as by replacing the translational movement of a massive undercarriage with a column in the prototype for the rotational movement of a balanced boom of a relatively small mass. The mass of the arrow is comparable to the mass of the column of the prototype. Rack stacker cranes, as a rule, lift loads of a relatively small mass, which is significantly less than the mass of the undercarriage and less than the mass of the cargo carriage. The most massive movable element of the prototype - the undercarriage - is absent in the device. The energy for lifting the common center of mass of all moving parts of the crane with the load is reduced due to the use of an elastic element. Also, the reduction in energy costs occurs due to a decrease in the speed of rotation of the mobile connections of the crane links with fixed supports. At least four high-speed rotational connections (two wheels of the undercarriage with rails and two rollers on top of the column with guides) of the prototype are replaced by four articulated low-speed rotational connections of the device with an elastic element (connection of the boom to the fixed column, connection of the load gripping device to the cargo carriage, two connections elastic element with an arrow and a stand), which reduces the total energy loss due to friction.

The use of new elements: booms, reduces the number of movable connections of crane links with fixed supports and simplifies its design due to this. The absence of the need for rail tracks causes a simplification of the warehouse structure due to the transition to a railless storage technology.

The use of new elements: booms, provides an increase in crane productivity due to the absence of the need to use rail tracks for the operation of the crane and a significant reduction as a result of this in the frequency of periodic inspection and cleaning of the rail surface (warehouse floor) from objects falling from above due to violation of the packaging of goods, which is associated with a stop operation of the prototype crane.

The proposed utility model - jib rack stacker crane, can be manufactured industrially from mass-produced units and assemblies.

Claims (1)

Boom rack stacker crane with an elastic element, containing a cargo carriage and a load handling device, made with the possibility of rotation relative to the horizontal axis of the cargo carriage, characterized in that the crane contains an angled boom, consisting of two shelves, made with the possibility of rotation around a horizontal axis, with longitudinal guides for the cargo carriage, and an elastic element, made with the possibility of stretching, connecting one of the shelves of the boom and the fixed post.

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