RU210991U1 - ROTARY DEFLECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to smoke exhaust and exhaust ventilation devices with a radial flow, namely, radial (centrifugal) smoke exhaust and ventilation fans installed on the roofs of buildings and ensuring the removal of smoke, gases and air from the premises of the building in the event of a fire or gas contamination due to natural draft . Rotary deflector containing a base, two rims, blades, an axle, bearings, rims are made monolithic with bushings and bushings are installed into each other by means of protrusions, while forming the upper and lower rims in which the blades are installed, the cover is made in the form of a hemisphere, while the base, the rims with bushings, the cover and the blades are made of one-piece molded plastic, the base has three stiffening ribs, the rims have stiffening ribs made of thin. The technical result is the improvement of technical and operational characteristics, as well as the expansion of the arsenal of technical means. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for smoke removal and exhaust ventilation with a radial flow, namely, radial (centrifugal) smoke removal and ventilation fans installed on the roofs of buildings and ensuring the removal of smoke, gases and air from the premises of the building in the event of a fire or gas contamination due to natural draft .

The rotary deflector is used for ventilation of residential and office premises, swimming pools, hangars, granaries, livestock complexes, structural elements of the roof (rafters, insulation, lathing or solid roofing), removal of gas and vapors from the shafts of multi-storey buildings and ensuring properly organized ventilation.

A deflector is known (SU 5224, Published: 04/30/1928), which is made of a spherical shape, composed of separate curved strips, with their lower ends connected to a ring put on the pipe, at the top they are interconnected by a bolt.

A radial roof fan is known from the prior art (RU 2415305, publ.: 27.03.2011 Bull. No. 9), containing an impeller made of curved blades in the form of a hollow spherical layer and mounted on the upper part of the self-draught pipe, and a vertical axis on which the impeller rotates, vertical blades are installed on the upper base of the impeller on radial rods, protruding beyond the spherical belt.

A roof radial fan for smoke removal and ventilation with an impeller is known (RU 2618416, publ. 03.05.2017 Bull. No. 13), which is made of curved blades in the form of a hollow spherical belt, a vertical axis on which the impeller rotates, on the upper base of which is placed blades-cups from an aluminum body, and also use fluoroplastic bushings.

The closest in technical essence is a rotary deflector (RU 194486, publ. 12.12.2019 Bull. No. 35), containing a base, two rims, blades, an axle, bearings, while both rims are made monolithic with bushings and are installed by bushings into each other by means of protrusions, thus forming the upper and lower rims, in which the blades are installed, the cover is made in the form of a hemisphere, while the base, the rims with bushings, the cover and the blades are made of one-piece molded plastic.

The disadvantages of the above designs of turbo deflectors are:

1. Moisture and snow can easily get inside the deflector due to the open design. All condensate descends inward along the axis, and enters the bushings where the bearings and moving metal parts of the deflector are located and quickly disable them due to oxidation. The moisture that gets into the bearing and on the rotating elements in winter freezes, and the deflector stops spinning until the thaw.

2. In duralumin and metal, oxide occurs from contact even without exposure to an aggressive environment.

3. Snow accumulates on the upper platform of the metal deflectors, which later turns into heavy ice, since this platform is too flat and the snow cannot fall off it freely. Because of this, imbalance occurs, the seat is broken, which renders the entire deflector unusable.

4. Metal deflectors are heavy, which creates an additional load on the bearings and leads to a decrease in their service life. Secondly, the extra weight requires a stronger wind to spin, which greatly reduces the overall useful life of the deflector.

5. Poor aerodynamic properties due to the simple design of the blades of metal models. The disadvantage of these devices is that in light winds, the impeller rotates slowly and does not provide sufficient fan performance or cannot move at all due to the large inertia of the impeller, which the starting torque generated by weak wind cannot overcome. In addition, due to the imbalance and the friction of the parts against each other created because of this, these deflectors are hard to unwind (a stronger wind is needed) and spin less in time. Over time, the imbalance only increases and the operating time decreases even more.

6. Unreliable fastening of the spherical part to the base as a whole. Under the force of a strong wind, the fasteners are deformed due to weak rivets and thin metal at the junctions of the head with the base. The deflector can generally come off the landing basin.

7. In metal deflectors, due to the design features, many parts are unbalanced and asymmetrical, since this is manual production, there is not a single completely factory one today. The accuracy of the blanks suffers greatly. Therefore, all metal deflectors in the assembly are also unbalanced and asymmetrical. A metal one always has an imbalance during assembly, so in the end it does not spin smoothly. Over time, the imbalance increases, and because of this, the seat begins to break and, as a result, the deflector breaks. The deflector in relation to the axis is completely unbalanced if you turn the seat separately, holding the deflector by the main body. All cracks and gaps are uneven, the fastenings of the deflector parts are asymmetrical, they often do not fit tightly. The rivets are uneven in the mounting holes and are made of too soft material, so they break very quickly due to vibration and are not able to keep the structure in its original form for a long time.

8. Due to the shortcomings mentioned, metal deflectors require frequent maintenance in the form of lubrication of bearings and moving parts, and given that they are located on roofs and access to them is difficult, this often becomes very problematic.

9. The production time is too long and complicated due to many stages in the production stage and a large part of the manual labor in the overall cycle. Also, due to manual labor and the use of metal in production, an expensive cost is obtained, which is aggravated by the fact that approximately 30% of finished parts are rejected in the production of metal deflectors, which also greatly affects the cost and production speed.

10. Due to the imbalance of the structure and further deterioration of the balance, the metal deflectors begin to make a loud noise due to the friction of the metal parts against each other.

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to manufacture a deflector with improved technical characteristics.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the rotary deflector contains a base, two rims, blades, an axle, bearings, the rims are made monolithic with bushings and are installed by the bushings into each other by means of protrusions, thus forming the upper and lower rims in which the blades are installed, the cover it is made in the form of a hemisphere, while the base, rims with bushings, the cover and the blades are made of one-piece molded plastic, each rim has three stiffening ribs, the base has six thin stiffening ribs.

The technical result provided by the given combination of features is the improvement of technical and operational characteristics, as well as the expansion of the arsenal of technical means.

The rotary deflector is installed at the outlet of natural ventilation pipes and is powered by wind energy. It does not consume electricity, and, therefore, this installation is cost-effective.

The device is designed to extract the exhaust air from the room to the outside. The operation of a rotary deflector is 2-4 times more efficient than that of a conventional deflector, thereby increasing the efficiency of the entire exhaust system.

The rotary deflector protects the ventilation duct from atmospheric precipitation and foreign objects, protects the roof from condensation by lowering the air temperature in the attic, prevents overheating of the interior, reduces fat deposits and dustiness of the ventilation ducts, and provides a decorative design for the duct exit.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 - General view of the device;

figure 2 - drawing of the base in section,

in fig. 3 - sectional drawing of the rim,

where

1 - base,

2 - cover,

3 - stiffening ribs of the base,

4 - rim,

5 - bushing,

6 - base seat,

7 - bosses,

8 - rim stiffeners,

9 - ledge,

10 - scapula,

11 - holes.

The rotational deflector consists of a base 1 and a turbine head, which always rotates in one direction, regardless of the direction of the wind and cover 2. The base 1 is completely rigid, with stiffeners 3, additionally fastened in the middle with a common seat. As a result, the base is completely rigid and not deformable.

An axle is attached to the base, on which two rims 4 with bushings 5 are mounted, mounted "mirror" to each other.

When the rims are mounted on the axle, their rotation is ensured by the presence of bearings at the top and bottom. The bearings also provide balance and uniform torsional load.

The base 1 has six stiffening ribs 3, a sleeve as a seat with a recess. The base is made monolithic. Thanks to the casting of the part, the base is perfectly even and symmetrical. The stiffening ribs 3 are made of insignificant thickness (for a deflector with a diameter of 160 mm, the thickness of the rib is 3 mm) and there are bosses 7 closer to the center. Due to this thickness of the stiffening ribs, better air passage is ensured. The presence of bosses adds strength to the refined stiffeners. The axle is mounted in a recess in the shape of the sleeve, so that the axle sits tightly and is perfectly centered vertically.

Rims 4 are made monolithic. Thanks to the casting of parts, the rims are perfectly even and symmetrical. The rim contains three stiffening ribs 8, providing a greater air passage. In a rotary turbo deflector, two rims are used, installed into each other and fixed to each other by three protrusions 9 on the edges of each of the bushings. These protrusions in the rims fit tightly into each other, which gives additional rigidity to the structure. The cast bushing in the rim is reinforced with three stiffening ribs on top. A single hub formed from two rims protects the metal axle from aggressive environments. The blades 10 are tightly inserted into the upper and lower rims, thanks to the tapering holes 11 in each rim in the form of a circle with protrusions on both sides, which securely fixes each blade. At the base of the rim from below under the sleeve there is a seat for the bearing. The seat for the bearing is recessed into the base of the rim from below, which reliably protects the bearing from aggressive environments and ensures a longer bearing life.

Cover 2 is made in the form of a hemisphere, which does not allow snow and ice to accumulate on it and lead to unbalance of the structure. It has twenty aerodynamic stiffeners on the outside to improve the deflector spin-up moment in light winds. Due to the manufacture of the cover is monolithic, it is perfectly flat, symmetrical, and very durable. On the inside there is also a stiffening rib in the form of a ring, on which six fasteners-latches are installed, with which the cover is attached to the rim. It is much larger in size than known deflectors, due to which it has a much more pronounced protective function of the inner part of the deflector, as well as the upper bearing, which reliably protects the inner part and bearing from aggressive environments and ensures a longer deflector life.

The blade 10 is designed taking into account the aerodynamic properties of the aircraft wing and repeats its shape. This shape allows the wind to create stronger thrust, which is of great importance when the wind is very light. The blade has two horizontal stiffening ribs above and below, which gives additional strength to the structure. Above and below, each blade has two cylindrical latches with protrusions on both sides, which securely fixes it. Thanks to the casting of the part, the petal is perfectly even, symmetrical, and very durable.

The rotary deflector is mainly made of the following materials: base, rim with bushing, cover, blade - made of plastic or polypropylene, bolt and axle - galvanized steel, bearing - metal.

The aerodynamic cover improves the aerodynamic properties of the device, protects against precipitation, which prevents the bearing from freezing in winter due to moisture ingress.

Thanks to the above-described design of the deflector, the rigidity of the entire structure, torsion balance, noiselessness, improved performance characteristics (rotation uniformity, rotation speed, rotation duration, minimum wind force to start rotation), long service life and improved air permeability have been achieved.

The device works as follows.

The wind, falling on the blades, makes the head of the device move, thereby discharging air in the system and improving traction. For the operation of the turbo deflector, wind at a speed of 0.5 m / s is sufficient, since all parts are made of lightweight materials. Accordingly, the stronger the wind, the higher the power of the device. The deflector device provides autonomous operation and eliminates back draft.

Thus, the claimed rotary deflector has the following qualities (advantages):

1. The plastic deflector is completely molded and manufactured by molds and production lines, which virtually eliminates manual labor and guarantees perfect accuracy, symmetry and balance, which ensures uniform rotation.

2. The design of all parts is thought out in such a way that the entire deflector is rigid, tightly assembled, does not loosen over time and is durable. For this, stiffening ribs are made on the rims, cover and base, latches on the blades of a cylindrical shape with protrusions on both sides. The design of the base with the axle inserted into it is also aimed at structural rigidity and precise balancing. Thanks to the above-described design of the deflector, rigidity of the entire structure, torsion balance, noiselessness, improved performance and long service life are achieved.

3. The design is designed in such a way that the torsion deflector outperforms all existing models on the market. This is ensured by the well-thought-out aerodynamics of the blades and cover, precise balancing of the structure and light weight. All this allows the proposed model to start spinning with a weaker wind and spin at a higher speed for longer, which ultimately provides a greater total total useful time of the deflector, and, accordingly, a much more efficient operation of the ventilation system as a whole.

4. The design is thought out in such a way that all iron structural elements (bearings, axle, bolts) are securely covered with plastic from aggressive environments. The upper bearing and bolt are covered with a spherical cover, the axle is closed with rim bushings, the lower bearing and bolt are recessed into the lower rim. This ensures the durability of metal elements and, as a result, a longer life of the deflector, since the plastic itself practically does not change its characteristics over time. In addition, the protection of metal parts ensures uninterrupted operation of the deflector throughout the winter, unlike metal samples, in which moisture that has entered in winter freezes, and the deflector stops spinning until the thaw. This also eliminates the frequent maintenance of the deflector, resulting in lubrication of the bearings, which can be quite difficult to do on the roof. Replacing metal parts in the presented model is very easy and the service life of the deflector can thus be increased several times (in metal samples, bearings and the axle do not change separately).

Claims (1)

Rotary deflector containing a base, two rims, blades, an axle, bearings, rims are made monolithic with bushings and bushings are installed into each other by means of protrusions, while forming the upper and lower rims in which the blades are installed, the cover is made in the form of a hemisphere, while the base, rims with bushings, the cover and the blades are made of one-piece molded plastic, characterized in that each rim has three stiffening ribs, the base has six thin stiffening ribs.

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