RU2107488C1 - Method of pretherapeutic help - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, emergency help, inquiry, saving. SUBSTANCE: method deals with application of field apparatuses of microwave reflexotherapy of common and individual usage which enable to improve physical state of injured and wounded people and conduct prophylaxis of their mechanical or thermal traumas and radiation protection under field conditions, as well. Moreover, these devices favor to provide location of wounded people for their inquiry by mobile searching radiotechnical means. Studying and receiving of radiosignals is conducted in the range of 42.0-43.0 hertz frequency. Right at the place of discovery an individual microwave reflexotherapy is carried out for seriously wounded persons or people with considerable mechanical or thermal lesions according to their acupuncture points. EFFECT: higher efficiency of emergency help due to simultaneous performance of inquiry-saving and curative-prophylactic measures. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of extreme medicine and can be used in the search, rescue and emergency medical assistance to victims in emergency situations during the liquidation of the medical consequences of natural disasters, accidents and catastrophes, especially wounded on the battlefield.

 It is known that to provide emergency medical care to a victim of a collapse, the method of finger pressure with a second finger fingernail is used sequentially in a series of especially sensitive acupuncture points (TA) SU-LIAO6 ZHEN-JUN, CHEN-JIAN and SHI-XUAN. In the event of an acute attack of angina pectoris, the same method for TA is used for emergency treatment: HE-GU, SHEY-MAY, ZU-SAN-LI, TSU-CHI, and in case of cerebrovascular accident, acupressure or acupuncture in TA: HOU-SI is recommended , SHEI-MAY, ZU-SAN-LI [1].

 However, these methods of providing first aid to victims are long-lasting, require a specialist, stationary conditions, and most importantly they are not effective enough for mechanical or thermal damage, as well as for radiation exposure of victims.

Close to the proposed method according to its intended purpose, an analogue is the method of reflexology in the form of a complex effect on TA with electric puncture and thermal infrared radiation using a known reflexology device [2] in case of pain relief and treatment of pain syndromes in victims. In this case, bipolar electrical pulses are used with a duration of (0.5 ± 0.15) • 10 ^-3 s with a continuously variable amplitude of positive and negative pulses 0-60 V and a constant pulse repetition rate of 10 ± 2 Hz at a maximum value of the pulse current in therapeutic treatment at a load resistance of 100 ohms no more than 250 μA and infrared radiation at a wavelength of 0.9-1.2 μm, a power of 7 ± 3 mW with a radiation modulation frequency of 10 ± 2 Hz. Moreover, first they are exposed to electropuncture on each TA for 2 minutes, then thermopuncture on the same TA and the same for 2 minutes. The main disadvantage of this method is the relatively long duration of the ambulance procedure itself, while after a while it is necessary to repeat this procedure and repeatedly, due to its insufficient effectiveness.

 Closest to the claimed method according to the technical solution and selected as a prototype is a radio wave method for detecting living people under the rubble of destroyed buildings, under a layer of earth, in the folds of rugged terrain [3]. The prototype is implemented using a microwave of a three-centimeter wavelength range, in which the affected wavelength is detected, in which the victim is detected by the Doppler frequency shift due to respiratory movements or the heartbeat of the wanted person.

 The tactic of rescuing injured people using the prototype consists of three stages: the wounded are searched with the help of radar, emergency medical care is provided and then evacuated. This tactic is fully justified and meets the necessary conditions for saving people in the event that for each victim there are enough rescuers, people with medical qualifications to provide emergency care and technical equipment for evacuation.

 However, in some cases, especially on the battlefield, the situation is significantly different from optimal for saving people in this way. As a rule, a health rescuer searches for the wounded on foot, provides emergency assistance and carries out the first stage of evacuation, moving the wounded to the vehicle. This procedure takes time during which the rescuer cannot search for other victims, and the total time for searching and subsequent evacuation of the group of victims is significant, which in the case of severe wounds reduces the likelihood of rescue of the victims. But an even greater drawback of the prototype is the impossibility of using it to stimulate recovery processes in the body of victims and prevent the functional state of their health.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of emergency first aid to victims by simultaneously performing search and rescue and treatment and preventive measures due to integrated reflexology using microwave devices for general and individual use, and the simultaneous use of these devices to indicate the location of the victims.

The task is carried out so that in the location of each group, the "nests" of the victims install the included field microwave reflexotherapy apparatus for general use, affect the affected groups with continuously generating electromagnetic radiation in the extremely high frequency band from 42.0 to 43.0 GHz, with a power of not less than 1 W, stimulate the recovery processes in the body of the victims and at the same time indicate the location of this group for its search by radio means of medical helicopters and sa Nitron armored personnel carriers, at the same time, acupuncture (TA) reflexology is seriously wounded directly at the place of detection, for which a nurse or a lightly injured person is exposed to electromagnetic radiation of the millimeter range of 7.05-7.15 mm portable individual microwave reflexology apparatus with a radiation power of not more than 15-20 mW, and mechanical pressure of the core of the electrodes of the apparatus with a force of at least 5 kg to the symmetrically located points of the palm-midline of the pericardial canal (MC) 1X ₆ (2) / NEY-GUAN / and (or only) 1X ₅ (2) / JIAN-SHI / and the back-midline of the channel of the three heaters (TR) X ₅ (2) / WI-GUAN / and X ₆ (2) / JI-GOU / of both hands of a seriously wounded or injured person with a second or third degree of severity of mechanical or thermal damage for 1-2 minutes per TA.

 A double exposure using an individual reflexology apparatus is carried out simultaneously on 8 or 4 TAs of both hands of the victim, depending on the state of mechanical and thermal damage. The mechanical pressure of the core of the electrodes on these TAs is carried out thanks to the special design of the electrodes of the apparatus, made in the form of a semi-bracelet clamp, worn on both hands by a seriously wounded and hand-tightened by screwing in elastic horn-bolts with a size of at least 6 mm, inside of which, in order to bring electromagnetic radiation to the required TA optical fibers for transmitting this radiation pass through the millimeter wave range, ending with a transmitting antenna-horn with an opening of at least 3 mm in diameter, core or the end of which is in direct contact with the desired TA.

The radiation and reception of probing radio signals from mobile, automobile and helicopter radars for searching for groups of victims are carried out in the extremely high frequency band from 42.0 to 43.0 GHz with an average step of 50 MHz, frequency-dependent responses are pre-measured and entered into the memory of the processing unit of the mobile search radar typical radar reflectors, and signal processing is performed using the microprocessor of the processing unit according to the algorithm for solving the inverse problem, in accordance with the expression Y = A ^-1 • X, in the form of a definition on the victim’s identity in the search azimuth, and the process of measuring the amplitudes of the received signals and determining the luminosity of the search objects is repeated many times with a period of the order of 1 ms, i.e. 10 ³ measurements are made within one second, and the measurement results are averaged over this time interval, and ultimately, the luminosity of the organism of the wanted person is exceeded, exceeding the level of permissible noise. Thus, the operator of the mobile means of searching for groups of victims sees that at this azimuth of the marker of the search radar is from the desired victim.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method of first aid to victims; in FIG. 2 - frequency spectrum of electromagnetic radiation of the millimeter wave range of reflexology devices for general and individual use.

 The inventive method of first aid extreme medicine is implemented as follows.

 The search for victims 1 indicated in FIG. 1 with a number 1, starts at a distance of 300 m. Hospital attendants equipped with an infrared direction finder 2 or a portable radar 3 ("life indicator") operating on millimeter-wave electromagnetic waves (MMD) search for victims with a radius of 50 to 100 m. Having found the victim and having given him emergency help with the help of individual bags and first-aid kits, the nurse leaves the victim in a convenient place, putting a field microwave reflexotherapy apparatus of general use near him, operating at an active frequency of MMD lengths EMA 7.1 ± 0.05 mm, thus arranging "nest" affected and continues to search for other injuries. Having found other victims in the immediate vicinity, the nurse will transport them to the first victim who has a common reflexology apparatus installed. When the victims are located at a distance of more than 100 m from the marked “nest”, the next group 4 is organized, equipped with its included public apparatus — a radio marker.

 If a seriously injured person is found, the orderly provides him with emergency help using a portable microwave reflexotherapy device for individual use 5. The nests of victims in the far zone are searched for at distances of 2000-3000 m with the help of medical search helicopters 6 and a medical armored personnel carrier 7 of search radars for MMD waves.

 Thus, the tactics of the search significantly changes due to a certain “division of labor” in the search for the wounded: the nurse does this with a small search radius using a portable radar 3, collecting the victims in groups, rather than transporting them to the sanitary armored personnel carrier or helicopter, and the groups of wounded 4 with common-use reflexotherapy devices — radiomarkers — are searched for using radio means of search and evacuation equipment, which no longer presents any technical difficulties and does not take too much time. So, the total time spent on average searching for each victim is greatly reduced, which increases the likelihood of saving the lives of the wounded. This is the first feature of the proposed method.

 Its second feature is the installation of an active radio frequency marker-microwave apparatus of general use included in the location of each nest group of victims, working at a frequency that stimulates recovery processes in the human body, which further increases the chances of saving a life of the seriously wounded and facilitates the process of subsequent treatment of victims . When the reflexotherapy apparatus is used for general use, in addition to sending a signal to search for a designated group, there is simultaneous irradiation of a group of victims located near it and since irradiation occurs at one of the extremely active high frequencies of the indicated band, stimulation of the hematopoietic system of the body and targeted change in the status of the adaptive system at the earliest stage of medical care, which is beneficial for further treatment [5].

 The third feature of the proposed method is that it eliminates the disadvantage of the known prototype tracing method, which consists in the fact that processing signals in a mobile search radar of an armored personnel carrier and a helicopter in order to isolate the Doppler shift as an information parameter for detecting a person requires a lot of time, which leads to low efficiency search for victims. Reducing the time of signal processing and thereby increasing the expressness of the search for victims is achieved by the fact that the radiation of the electromagnetic sounding signal of the microwave reflexotherapy apparatus for general use and its reception by search mobile radars is carried out in the band of the indicated frequencies. In this case, since the response of various material objects has in each case its own characteristic profile on the frequency scale, the received signal is a superposition of the responses from all objects in the search zone.

или в символической записи:
X = A•Y,
где X - матрица-столбец, состоящий из амплитудных значений принимаемого сигнала в "n" точках частотного диапазона, A - прямоугольная матрица размером C x N, столбцы которой представляют собой профили частотных откликов типичных объектов, попадающих в зону поиска, Y - матрица-столбец, содержащая светимости этих объектов, т.е. коэффициенты, значения которых могут быть от 0 до 1 в зависимости от удаленности от источника зондирующего сигнала и экранировки другими объектами.The task of signal processing is to isolate the frequency response characteristic of the wounded (injured). This problem is solved by the inverse problem method: the received signal at the "n" points of the frequency band can be written as:

or in a symbolic notation:
X = A • Y,
where X is the column matrix, consisting of the amplitude values of the received signal at "n" points in the frequency range, A is a rectangular matrix of size C x N, the columns of which are profiles of the frequency responses of typical objects falling into the search area, Y is the column matrix containing the luminosities of these objects, i.e. coefficients, the values of which can be from 0 to 1, depending on the distance from the source of the probing signal and shielding by other objects.

The purpose of this treatment is to determine the presence of a wounded man in the azimuth of the search, i.e., the difference in the luminosity of the wounded, Y _1, for example, from zero. To do this, solve the inverse problem, i.e. from the measured total response X and previously measured and stored in the memory of the radar processing unit profiles A, find the matrix Y and thereby find Y ₁ :
Y = A ^-1 • X.

If there are objects whose response profiles are fairly close in form, the task cannot be reduced to writing the inverse matrix A ^-1 to the memory of the processing unit and requires iterative decision algorithms using regulation methods. In any case, to determine Y ₁ there is no need to measure the sequence of responses in time to isolate the Doppler shift, and processing can be performed after a single measurement of the matrix X, which will determine the high expressivity.

 Thus, in comparison with the known methods in which the search object (victim) is selected during processing by the presence of a Doppler shift due to the respiratory rate and pulse of a person, as a result, a sufficiently long time (of the order of minutes) measurement of the response to the probing signal each azimuth of the search, then in the claimed technical solution, the search object is determined by its characteristic response profile in the frequency range. This implies a new filling of the radiation and reception stages (in the frequency range, and not at the same frequency), as well as processing — solving the inverse problem, rather than correlation analysis or Fourier transform. From this we can conclude that the differences in the proposed technical solution from the known methods of tracing victims are significant.

 As an example of a specific implementation of the proposed method of first aid, we provide a description of the device that implements it. Radar 6, 7 is made on a line of generators whose generation frequencies discretely cover the range from 42.0 to 43.0 GHz with an average step of about 50 MHz. In this case, when receiving the reflected signal in the locator mode and when receiving the signal emitted by the radio marker in the beacon mode, the radar 6, 7 provides a measurement of the frequency spectrum of the reflection of the electromagnetic wave from objects in the search area. The choice of this frequency range is explained by the presence of a reflection coefficient peak characteristic of the human body, which can be seen from FIG. 2, which shows the frequency dependence of the reflection coefficient modulus measured on a vector network analyzer [4].

In this particular case, the discretization of the range is chosen to be heterogeneous with a smaller step, of the order of 10 MHz, near the peak at a frequency f = 42.06 GHz and with a large step, of the order of 100 MHz in the range (42.2-42.7) GHz, to obtain at receiving a higher resolution near the reflection coefficient characteristic of the affected body. The reflected signal is also received by a line of radar receivers 6, 7, tuned to the frequencies of the emitter of the radio marker 4. The selectivity of the reception is ensured by the use of filters on high-Q resonators. At a sampling step of 10 MHz, isolation between adjacent channels is ensured with a cavity Q factor of the order of 5 • 10 ³ . The excitation time of such a resonator is τ = 5 • 10 ³ x2.5 • 10.11 = 10 ^-7 s, which determines the upper limit of the reception speed, i.e. the amplitude of the received signal can be measured no faster than 0.1 μs after the start of the radiation of the probe pulse. The signals from the detector sections connected to the filter cavities, after amplification, are fed to amplitude-digital analyzers operating with sufficient speed of about 10 μs. Digital codes from an analog-to-digital converter corresponding to the amplitudes of the signals received at each discrete point of the range are entered into a specialized radar processor 6, 7, which implements an algorithm for solving the inverse problem in accordance with expression (3). The process of measuring the amplitudes of the reflected signals and determining the luminosity of the search objects is repeated many times with a period of about 1 ms, so that no less than 10 ³ measurements are made within a second, and the measurement results are averaged over this time interval. If ultimately the luminosity of the human body exceeds 0.1 (the level of permissible noise in the determination), then the radar processor 6, 7 gives a signal to its marker and the operator sees that there is a response from the desired search object at this azimuth.

 The fourth feature of the proposed method is the ability to provide emergency first aid to seriously wounded people, in particular those with a 2nd or 3rd degree of severity of life, directly at the place of their detection using a portable microwave reflexotherapy device for individual use. To do this, the orderly puts on the seriously wounded electrodes of the device on both hands and tightens the clamps of the semi-bracelets, placing the latter at a distance of 4 cm from each wrist, manually screwing the elastic bolts - horns to the red mark made on the bolts, thereby applying mechanical pressure to the acupuncture points, after which includes an apparatus for electromagnetic radiation of MMD waves.

 Thus, a simultaneous double exposure to microwaves and mechanical pressure with a force of (90-140) Newtons is performed simultaneously on all eight or four ATs of both hands of the victim depending on their condition (in the most severe condition they affect the 8th AT) for 4 -5 minutes. After this time, the bolts-electrodes are unscrewed from the semi-bracelets, the radiation is turned off and the electrodes-horn antennas of the device are removed from both hands of a seriously wounded.

 The fifth feature of the proposed method of first aid in extreme medicine is the possibility of systematic, every 180 days, preventive maintenance of military personnel before the start of each military operation in wartime and of the civilian population, especially in the areas of nuclear power plants, from exposure to radiation damage sources, namely, direct exposure to alpha -, beta and gamma radiation of penetrating radiation by direct preventive exposure of people using field microwave devices of general and individual use reflexotherapy - millimetric wave transmitters in the indicated frequency band with the same radiation powers for 4-24 minutes to the sternum of each patient (M. Karlov. - While scientists are arguing ... - Inventor and rationalizer. - N 2 . - M., 1991, S. 17).

In the inventive method, it is possible to use the properties of a living organism to generate its own MMD wave signals to correct organic or functional disorders in response to its external irradiation from an external source of MMD waves using the above reflexotherapy devices, which stimulate the body’s defenses at the level of the cell, the injured organism’s molecule. This is a way of correcting the physiological conditions of the human body by externally directed selective (in a given frequency band) local impact on the reflexogenic zones in the sternum with low-intensity, at least 10 mW / cm ² , electromagnetic radiation of the indicated MMD waves in order to provide a therapeutic effect in mechanical and thermal damage living organism. The effects of the prevention and treatment of electromagnetic radiation of MMD waves of certain human pathologies are apparently explained by the resonance absorption of millimeter radiation by molecular and cellular complexes of the human body, since the resonant responses of biological systems to this radiation of MMD waves are characteristic of living organisms. So, after irradiation of electromagnetic radiation from MMD waves, the wounds of the victims heal 20 times faster [5].

 If the animals are previously exposed to low-intensity electromagnetic radiation from MMD waves, then after the animals receive lethal doses of radiation, they survive [5]. This is due to the elimination of the deformation of the protection of the cells of the animal body with MMD waves for 20 minutes Thus, this method will reduce the absorbed dose of penetrating radiation received from various emissions from both atomic explosions in power plants and weapons of mass destruction. So, stress is 3 times less after irradiation with MMD by waves to stimulate the immune system and increase vitality [5].

Using the proposed method of first aid in emergency medicine provides the following advantages compared to existing methods:
the possibility of conducting preventive measures to provide emergency care to victims directly at the place of their discovery through the use of field microwave reflexology devices for general use;
the possibility of simultaneous exposure to microwave reflexology for individual use and mechanical pressure on the TA of both hands is seriously wounded with the help of portable portable devices that can significantly facilitate their functional state and prevent major mechanical and thermal injuries in the field;
to ensure the location of the groups of victims for their search by mobile search radio equipment of medical helicopters and armored personnel carriers using field microwave reflexology devices for general use. Thus, the claimed method allows you to get the total positive effect of its use in emergency situations of peacetime and on the battlefield in military conditions.

 Sources of information.

 1. Tykochinskaya E.D. The basics of acupuncture, M .: Medicine. 1979.

 2. USSR author's certificate N 1588417, MKI A 61 H 39/00 dated 06/27/1988, Application N 4449416.

 3. Shestiperov V. A. Investigation of the possibility of using radio wave methods to detect living people under the rubble of destroyed buildings. M .: Institute of Physical and Technical Problems. - Report on research work "Balakmen-2". 1989.S. 7-8 (prototype).

 4. Vlasov V.I., Karamzin V.V., Kozlikov V.I. Microwave S-parameter measurement // Electronic Engineering Reviews. - Series 1. Microwave Electronics. M., 1987. Issue 11. p. 272.

 5. Devyatkov ND, Golant MB, Betsky OV Millimeter waves and their role in the processes of life. M .: The publication "Radio and Communications". 1991.S. 130-131.

Claims (1)

A method of first aid in emergency medicine, including the search for injured in emergency situations, especially wounded on the battlefield, using a searchable portable radar, providing emergency care at the place of detection, gathering the victims in groups on foot with a small search radius, indicating the location of the groups (" nests ") with beacons-markers, the search for these groups with the help of portable radio equipment and the subsequent evacuation of victims with the help of medical helicopters and ambulance armored personnel carriers, distinguishing the fact that in the location of each group of victims they set up a field microwave apparatus for use in public reflexology, operate on the victims with continuously generating electromagnetic radiation in the extremely high frequency band from 42.0 to 43.0 GHz, with a power of at least 1 W, As a result, they stimulate the recovery processes in the body of the victims and at the same time indicate the location of the group for search by transportable medical helicopters and ambulances ter, at the same time, acupuncture points are directly reflexed at the place of detection of the seriously injured, for which orderlies or lightly wounded groups are exposed to electromagnetic radiation of the millimeter range of 7.05 - 7.15 mm portable microwave reflexotherapy for individual use, with a radiation power of not more than 15 - 20 mW on the acupuncture points located symmetrically hand-channel midline pericardium (MS) IX ₆ (2) (Nei guan), and (or only) IX ₅ (2) (Jiang SHI) and back-channel median line three heaters (TR) X ₅ (2) (Wai-GUAN) and X ₆ (JI-GO) both hands Severely for 1 - 2 min for each point.

Images