RU2105119C1 - Lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: locking devices. SUBSTANCE: key of lock has working section with key code depicted in its surface in the form of coordinate points or positioning coordinates of poles of permanent magnets. This code is identical to code of lock made in the form of coding grooves and equal to coordinates of crossing of axial lines of slots and starts of axial lines of connecting sections. Lock mechanism has body accommodating mechanism operation duty switch, control shells which are movable, kinematically connected to each other and can be kinematically connected with key. Shells have component for connection with actuating device, and coding grooves consisting of slots and connecting sections. Also provided are spring-loaded rods interacting with coding groove through pins secured on them. Rods are adapted for rectilinear movement and interaction with working section of key by means of following members or permanent magnets. Kinematic interaction of shells is effected through longitudinal slots made in working section of key which correspond to shaped protrusions made in control shells and this ensures angular fixing of shells relative to key in operation of lock. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 cl, 19 dwg

Description

 The technical solution relates to locking devices. Their functioning is possible together with the key. The lock is used together with an actuator [1]. It can be: a mechanism for locking the doors of rooms, cars and other objects (locking device), a device for closing (opening) electrical circuits, a device for switching the operating mode of an electronic unit, etc.

 The cylinder locking mechanism [2] comprises a housing in which spring-loaded pushers and delays are arranged in the form of locking pins, as well as a rotatable cylindrical core that is connected to a connecting element for connecting the lock with the locking mechanism. Delays connect the core to the body. The core has surfaces designed to interact with the working part of the key.

This lock has low secrecy, as it controls the key code in only one position, when the key rotation angle is 0 ^o .

 The lock [3] identifies the key code when moving it. A lock allows a relative rotation of its links in the case when the key code or its next element is equivalent to the lock code or its next element, respectively. The lock consists of a key and a lock mechanism.

 The key consists of a working part, on which the key code is applied, and a head, for which the key is held by hand. The key code can be mechanical, which is made in the form of coordinates of some points of the code surface, or magnetic, made in the form of coordinates of the poles of permanent magnets, which are fixed on the working part of the key. On a key several mechanical and magnetic codes can be applied.

 Key codes are equivalent to lock codes, which is a prerequisite for unlocking the latter.

 The lock mechanism is located in the housing, on which there are elements for mounting it on the actuator. The lock mechanism consists of a switch of its operation modes, control shells and rods. The mode switch is designed to switch them. The lock code is applied in the form of code grooves, which are made on control shells mounted movably, kinematically connected to each other and having the possibility of kinematic communication with the key. The control shells have an element designed for kinematic communication with the movable element of the actuator. The code groove contains grooves and connecting sections. The lock code consists of the set of coordinates of the points of intersection of the axial lines of the grooves with the beginnings of the axial (central) lines of the connecting sections. The beginning of the connecting section is determined by the direction of movement of the key when unlocking the lock. The code grooves interact with the spring-loaded rods mounted with the possibility of linear movement through the pins fixed to the last. The rods are equipped with probes intended for mechanical interaction with the code surfaces of the key, or permanent magnets designed for power interaction with the poles of the magnetic code of the key.

 When the lock is unlocked, the rods move along trajectories that are determined by the shape of the connecting sections, and when the pins fall into the grooves, the rods interact with the working part of the key so that the pins again fall into the connecting sections. This technical solution is taken as a prototype.

 The disadvantage of this technical solution is the ability to access the probes through the keyhole with a special tool (master key).

 The problem solved by the proposed device is to eliminate the above drawback, that is, reducing the ability to use a special tool to unlock the lock without a key.

 The lock consists of a key and a lock mechanism.

 The key consists of the working part, on which the key code is applied, and the head. The key code can be mechanical, which is made in the form of coordinates of some points of the code surface, or magnetic, made in the form of coordinates of the poles of permanent magnets fixed to the working part of the key. On a key several mechanical and magnetic codes can be applied. Key codes are equivalent to lock codes, which is a prerequisite for unlocking the latter.

 The lock mechanism is located in the housing, on which there are elements for mounting it on the actuator. The lock mechanism consists of a switch of its operation modes, control shells and rods. The lock code is applied in the form of code grooves, which are made on control shells mounted movably and kinematically connected to each other. The control shells have an element designed for kinematic communication with the movable element of the actuator. The code groove contains grooves and connecting sections. The lock code consists of the set of coordinates of the points of intersection of the axial lines of the grooves with the beginnings of the axial (central) lines of the connecting sections. Code grooves interact with spring-loaded rods installed with the possibility of linear movement through pins fixed to the latter. The rods are equipped with probes intended for mechanical interaction with the code surfaces of the key, or permanent magnets designed for power interaction with the poles of the magnetic code of the key. Control shells have the ability to kinematically communicate with the key.

 These signs coincide with the signs of the prototype.

 In the lock mechanism, the kinematic connection of the control shells with each other and with the key is implemented in the form of longitudinal grooves made on the key, corresponding to curly protrusions, which are made in the control shells in such a way that they provide angular fixation of the latter relative to the key during operation of the lock.

 In addition, a spring-loaded locking rod is installed in the channel of the control shell, which interacts with a cavity made in the housing. The rod has a valve located in the hole connecting the channel with the cavity between the protrusions of the control shell, and a corresponding groove is made on the working part of the key.

 The technical result of this technical solution is that during the operation of the lock (or, which is the same thing, when turning the key), the protrusions of the control shells alternately close the probes, making it difficult to access the latter with the help of master keys. The locking rod further reduces the keyhole area through which access to the probes is possible. In addition, the implementation of the kinematic connection between the control shells through the key simplifies the design of the lock, and the presence of the locking rod does not allow you to remove the key from the lock in the undesirable position of the mechanism.

The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a lock;
FIG. 2 is a section along II-II of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 3 - section through III-III details pos. 5, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 - leader IV of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale;
FIG. 5 is a section along VV of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 6 is a section according to VI-VI of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 7 is a section according to VII-VII of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 8 is a section along VIII-VIII of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 9 is a section along IX-IX of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 10 is a section along XX of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 11 is a view along arrow XI of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 12 is a view along arrow XII of FIG. 1 on a reduced scale;
FIG. 13 is a general view of a key on a reduced scale;
FIG. 14 is a section along XIV-XIV of FIG. thirteen;
FIG. 15 is a section along XV-XV of FIG. 13 on an enlarged scale;
FIG. 16 is a section along XVI-XVI of FIG. thirteen;
FIG. 17 is a section along XVII-XVII of FIG. 13 on an enlarged scale;
FIG. 18 is a section along XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 13:
FIG. 19 is a section according to XIX-XIX of FIG. 18.

 In FIG. 1-19 show a better embodiment of the invention.

 The lock (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, in the axial hole of which a glass 2 is mounted with an axial hole, in which axial grooves 3 are made along the longitudinal axis. A control washer 4 is mounted in the glass hole for rotation.

 Next, in the hole of the cup 2, a ferrule 5 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) with slots 6, which are included in the grooves 3, is installed. In the ferrule 5 there are radial rectangular holes 7 and 8, in which rods 9, 10 are movably mounted. Flat springs 11 press the rods 9, 10 in the direction of the Central hole 12, made along the longitudinal axis of the casing 5. The spring 11 is made (Fig. 4) in the form of a set of thin plates, which are fixed in the cage 5 using shaped pins 13. The probes 14, 15 are connected to the rods 9, 10, respectively, and are installed in the grooves connecting the rectangular holes 7, 8 and the hole 12. The pins 16.17 connected to the rods 9, 10 and interact with the code grooves 18,19,20,21 (Fig. 5, 6), which are made on the end surfaces of the control washers 4, 22 (they are also control shells) . The double-sided control washer 22 is movably, rotatably mounted in the hole of the cup 2 on the other side of the holder 5 (Fig. 1). Code grooves 23, 24 are made on the second end surface of the control washer 22. (Fig. 1, 7). Each of the code grooves consists of a figured groove 27 and a connecting section 28. The axial lines of the grooves 27 are parallel to the radii of the control washer and the walls of the holes 7, 8. The axial lines of the grooves 27 mean the trajectories of the centers of the pins 16, 17, respectively.

 Behind the control washer 22 (Fig. 1), a second cage 5 is installed with spring-loaded rods 9, 10, which, with the help of pins 16.17, interact with the code grooves 23, 24 and 29, 30 made on the control washers 22, 31 (Fig. 7) , eight). The control washer 31 has a protrusion 32 (Fig. 1), designed to interact with the actuator (in Fig. 1-19, the actuator is not shown).

Spring-loaded dogs 33, 34 (Fig. 1, 9) are installed in the radial hole 35, which is made in the glass 2. Dogs 33, 34 interact with the valleys 37, 38 made on the cylindrical surfaces of the control washer 31 and the retaining ring 36, forming two ratchet mechanisms playing the role of a switch of modes of operation of the lock. Additionally, the holes 39 are made on the control washer 31. The ring 36 is fixed in the housing 1 using the slots 40, which are included in the grooves 41, and the spring ring 42 (Fig. 1),
In the control washer 4 (Fig. 1, 10) there is made a radial channel 45 in which the spring-loaded locking rod 46 is located. The rod 46 is connected to the valve 47 located in the hole connecting the channel 45 with the central hole 48 of the control washer 4. Using a cylindrical end the locking rod 46 interacts with the groove 49, which is made on the housing 1.

 The lock case 1 (Fig. 11, 12) has a flange with holes 50 for fastening the lock to the actuator, and a figured hole 51, which is the guide for the key.

 In the Central holes 48, 52, 53 of the control washers 4,22,31 there are radial protrusions 54 (Fig. 1, 5-9). In addition, annular protrusions 55 (Figs. 1-3) are made on the clips 5, which are included in the corresponding grooves made on the control washers 4, 22, 31. The holes 48, 52, 53, made in the control washers 4, 22, 31, the holes 11 made in the clips 5, as well as the hole 51, which is made in the housing 1, make up the keyhole of the castle.

The key 60 (Fig. 13-19) consists of a working part, made in the form of a rod 61, and a head 62 having an opening 63. Longitudinal grooves 64 are made on the rod 61, forming curly ribs 65. The protrusions 54 have a shape that corresponds to the shape of the grooves 64 and provides angular fixation of the control washers 4, 22, 31 relative to the key during operation of the lock. The code surfaces 66 are made on the ribs 65. The radii of the code surfaces R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ and the angles between the axial ribs 65 φ ₁ and φ ₂ form the key code. On one of the ribs there is a groove 67. On the key shaft 61 there is an annular groove 68, the position of which corresponds to the position of the front wall 69 of the lock case 1 (Fig. 1, 12). Thus, on the rod 61 of the key 60 there are eight ribs 65 and four code surfaces 66. Given that two code surfaces can have a depth of R ₁ and R ₂ , and the other two can have a depth of R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , as well as restrictions on the shape of the ribs 69, 70 (Fig. 19) and without taking into account the possibility of changing the angles φ ₁ , the theoretical secrecy of this castle is (2 • 2 • 3 • 3) ⁶ • 4 = 36 ⁶ • 4 = 8707129334, that is, more 8.5 billion different key options.

 The operation of the castle consists of two modes.

The lock is unlocked by turning the key through an angle of 180 ^o , 360 ^o or 720 ^o in the clockwise direction of rotation (arrow 71).

Locking can be carried out automatically when closing the door or - by turning the key in the opposite direction at an angle of 180 ^o , 360 ^o or 720 ^o . The use of a specific unlocking mode depends on the design features of the actuator.

When unlocked by turning 180 ^{o, the} key 60 (Fig. 13-19) is inserted into the keyhole until it stops at its surface 72 (Fig. 19) in the surface 73 of the control washer 31 (Fig. 1). The initial angular position of the key 60 relative to the keyhole is uniquely determined by the equality of the angles φ ₁ and φ ₂ on the key (Fig. 18), in the hole 51 of the housing 1 (Fig. 12) and in the holes 48, 52, 53 of the control washers 4, 22, 31 (Fig. 5-9). The probes 14, 15 (Fig. 1-3) interact with the ribs 69, 70 of the key 60. The rods 9, 10 occupy the positions in which their pins 16.17 are opposite the connecting sections 28 of the corresponding code grooves 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 29, 30 (Fig. 1, 5-8). After the key 60 is inserted all the way, it is turned in the direction 71. The rotation of the glass 2 in the direction 71 is prevented by the dog 34 (Fig. 9). The rotation from the key 60 through the interaction of the protrusions 54 (Fig. 5-9) with the axial grooves 64 (Fig. 13, 15) is transmitted to the control washers 4, 22, 31. In this case, the dog 33 moves in the direction from the keyhole. The clips 5 are fixed relative to the housing 1 of the lock, and the control washers 4, 22, 31 rotate together with the key. The protrusions 54 alternately block access to the probes 14, 15 from the side of the hole 51 (Fig. 1-3). During the rotation of the control washers 4, 22, 31, the pins 16, 17 interact with the connecting sections 28 of the code grooves 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 29, 30 and respectively move, and the probes 14, 15 are removed from the key 60 ( Fig. 5-8). After the pins 14.15 get into the following straight grooves 27, the rods 9, 10 under the action of the springs 11 will move in the direction of the key 60. After touching the key 60 with the probes 14, 15, the pins 16, 17 will again be located opposite the connecting sections 28 of the code grooves 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 29, 30. Next, the process continues until the lock is completely unlocked, that is, until it is turned through an angle of 180 ^o . When the dog 33 enters the wells 39 (Fig. 9, 11), the positions of the control washers 4, 22, 31 are gently fixed.

 The locking pin 46 in this case interacts with the groove 49 of the housing 1 (Fig. 1, 9), and the shutter 47 is lowered and falls into the groove 67 of the key 60.

After turning 180 ^o key 60 cannot be removed from the lock. To do this, it must be turned 180 ^o in the opposite direction, that is, the key 60 can be removed from the lock in only one initial position. Turning the key in the locking direction is possible only from two positions: initial and corresponding to a rotation of 180 ^o . This is due to the fact that the gap m (Fig. 1) between the dogs 33, 34 is less than their possible total displacement n + k. Since the depth of the hole 39 is less than the possible movement of the dog 33 k, the rotation of the key in the locking direction from the intermediate positions is blocked by the dogs 33, 34.

 When the key 60 is turned in the opposite direction of unlocking (when locking the lock), the entire lock mechanism rotates together with the cup 2, which is locked with the control washer 31 by the dog 33.

If unlocking or locking is performed by turning 360 ^o or 720 ^o , then the key 60 is removed from the keyhole without turning in the opposite direction (counter to arrow 71).

Bibliography
1. Krainev A. F. Dictionary dictionary of mechanisms .- M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1987.- 560s.

 2. A. p. USSR 1134687, E 05 B 35/04.

 3. Application for a patent of Russia for the invention N 5045819, E 05 B.

Claims (2)

 1. A lock having a key, on the working part of which a key code is applied in the form of coordinates of the points of the code surface and / or coordinates of the location of the poles of the permanent magnets, which is equivalent to the lock code made in the form of code grooves and equal to the coordinates of the intersection of the axial lines of the grooves and the beginning of the axial lines connecting sections, as well as a lock mechanism, comprising a housing in which a switch of operating modes of the lock mechanism is located, mounted movably, kinematically connected to each other and having the ability to kinematically contact with the key control shells, on which there is an element for communication with the actuator and code grooves consisting of grooves and connecting sections, interacting with the code grooves through pins, spring-loaded rods fixed to them, which are installed with the possibility of linear movement and interaction with the working part key with the help of probes or permanent magnets attached to them, characterized in that the kinematic connection of the shells with each other is implemented in the form made on the working part the key of the longitudinal grooves corresponding to the figured protrusions, which are made in the control shells in such a way that they provide angular fixation of the shells relative to the key during the operation of the lock.  2. The lock according to claim 1, characterized in that in the channel formed in the control shell, a spring-loaded rod with a shutter, which is installed in the hole connecting the channel with the cavity between the protrusions of the control shell, is installed on the working part of the key the corresponding groove is made.

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