RU2104131C1 - Cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cutting equipment. SUBSTANCE: this is intended for cutting metals and non-metals under water and in air. Initiating pyrotechnic unit with electric igniter is installed on working end of tubular oxygen lance. Holes are made in lance body at side of initiating unit at distance equal to 0.5-2 of lance body outer diameter from end of lance. Initiating unit has pyrotechnic compound. Slags of this compound are burning in oxygen. Body of initiating unit is made of material which burns in oxygen. Ensured is reliable actuation of lance with non-hermetic inner space and replacement of used lance with new one in underwater conditions. Lance manufacturing technology is simplified. EFFECT: high efficiency. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the processing of metals, and in particular to devices for cutting metals or non-metals, in particular to underwater cutting devices.

 For cutting materials, in particular under water, an oxygen spear was developed, which is a tube of low carbon steel filled with rods made of steel and some non-ferrous metals. If oxygen is passed through a spear and its working end is heated, from which oxygen leaves, then at a certain heating temperature the spear material ignites and burns in oxygen with the formation of a stream of combustion products with a high temperature, which allows cutting almost any material [1]. The process of burning a spear in the aforementioned source was excited by heating the working end of the spear with an electric arc, which requires additional cumbersome equipment.

 It was further proposed to carry out the ignition of a spear from a burning tablet of magnesium powder or chips [2].

 Closest to the technical nature of the proposed device is the design of an underwater cutting device containing a tubular oxygen spear with a handle and an oxygen source [3]. At the working end of the spear there is a cork made of a flammable substance, for example, an iron-coated termite. At the non-working end of the oxygen spear, a waterproof shell is placed, with which a tubular needle interacts, placed in the handle with the possibility of axial movement. The tubular needle is connected to an oxygen source. The device also includes a control lever mounted on the handle with the possibility of rotation and interaction with the tubular needle, and ignition means in the form of a power source, such as a battery, and an incandescent filament connected to its poles. A switch connected to the ignition means is installed in the handle, and a control lever is installed with the possibility of interaction with the switch.

 A disadvantage of the known device is the need to seal the internal cavity of the spear in order to prevent water from entering it. Sealing is carried out on the side of the working spear with a cork of flammable material coated with a shell, and on the side of the non-working end - with a waterproof shell.

 In case of violation of sealing and getting into the internal cavity of the water, the spear becomes inoperative due to the fire extinguishing by the water of the burning center created by the initiating pyrotechnic means.

 The objective of the invention is the provision of reliable engagement of the cutting device while simplifying the design.

The technical result obtained by using the invention is as follows:
- ensured reliable use of spears with leaking internal cavity;
- provided replacement of the used spear with a new one under water;
- simplified manufacturing technology of the spear due to the lack of requirements for the tightness of its internal cavity;
- increased the ignition ability of the initiating pyrotechnic means due to the use of material burning in oxygen for the body of the initiating pyrotechnic means and the choice of the pyrotechnic composition, the slags of which also burn in oxygen;
- preparation for operation of the cutting device under water is ensured through the use of a single-wire circuit for activating an electric igniter.

 To solve the problem in a known cutting device containing an oxygen source, a holder with a handle, a tubular oxygen spear, at the working end of which an initiating pyrotechnic means with an electric igniter is installed, according to the invention, openings located at a distance are made in the oxygen spear body from the side of the initiating pyrotechnic means equal to 0.5-2 outer diameters of the lance body from its end surface.

 To provide increased igniting ability of the initiating agent, its body is made of metals capable of burning in oxygen, for example, low-carbon steel, and the pyrotechnic composition is selected so that its slags are able to burn in oxygen.

 In the proposed device, one igniter electrode is connected to one pole of the power source by a connecting wire, and the second is connected to the second pole of the power source through the housing of the initiating means, the body of the spear and the holder body. Holes made near the working end of the spear allow blowing the internal cavity of the spear, freeing it from air (when working in ground conditions) or from water (when working under water). The location of the holes on the side surface of the lance body at some distance from its end provides the occurrence of an oxygen stream washing the bottom wall of the initiating pyrotechnic means and then extending along the walls of the lance body through the holes. Due to this, the combustion zone that occurs on the bottom wall of the initiating pyrotechnic means flares up mainly in the direction of the oxygen flow, which ensures reliable ignition of the working end of the spear.

 The distance at which the holes are removed from the end of the spear should not exceed two diameters of the spear body, since water will remain in the inner cavity of the spear adjacent to the initiating means, which will extinguish the burning area in the initiating means and prevent oxygen from approaching it. If the holes are placed too close to the working end of the spear (less than half the diameter of the case), then the working end of the spear is burned off due to the combustion of jumpers between the holes before a stable burning center is formed on the spear rods.

 The implementation of the housing of the initiating means of a metal capable of burning in oxygen leads to the fact that after the initial heating by the pyrotechnic composition, the body of the initiating means burns in the flow of oxygen supply, thereby increasing the intensity and duration of the exposure of the initiating means to the working end of the spear.

 The pyrotechnic composition of the initiating agent is selected so that its combustion products are capable of burning in oxygen. This increases the intensity and duration of combustion of the initiating means, which increases the reliability of the engagement of the cutting device.

 Thus, the use of a metal capable of burning in oxygen and a pyrotechnic composition, the slag of which burn in oxygen, allows the ignition ability of the initiating means to be increased and thus ensure reliable ignition of the spear under different conditions. The use of a single-wire scheme for activating the initiating means made it possible to simplify the preparation of the cutting device for work under water.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed cutting device; in FIG. 2 - schematically initiating pyrotechnic tool.

 In FIG. 1 and 2 the following designations are accepted: 1 - an oxygen source; 2 - tubular oxygen spear; 3 - initiating pyrotechnic means; 4 - housing initiating pyrotechnic means; 5 - electric igniter; 6 - pyrotechnic composition; 7 - button; 8 - power source; 9 - handle housing; 10 - gas supply tube; 11 - a hose; 12 - gear; 13 - valve; 14 - valve stem; 15 - lever; 16 - holes; 17 - sealed partition.

 The cutting device contains an oxygen source 1, a tubular oxygen spear 2, on the working end of which an initiating pyrotechnic means 3 is mounted, the housing 4 of which is made of metal capable of burning in oxygen. An electric igniter 5 and a pyrotechnic composition 6 are placed in the housing 4, the combustion products of which are capable of burning in oxygen, for example, boron and titanium in an atomic ratio (1: 1) - (3: 1). The pyrotechnic composition 6 is covered by a sealed partition 17, which can be made integral with the housing 4. One terminal of the electric igniter 5 is connected to the housing 4 of the ignition device 3, and the second is connected via a button 7 to the pole of the power source 8 located in the handle housing. The second pole of the power source 8 is connected to the metal housing of the holder 9. The output of the terminals of the electric igniter 5 from the housing 4 is sealed. In addition, a gas supply tube 10 is placed in the holder’s body, connecting the internal lumen of the spear with an oxygen source 1 through a hose 11 with a pressure reducing valve 12 located therein. A valve 13 with a rod 14 is connected to the metal tube 10. The device also includes a lever 15 mounted on the housing holder 9 with the possibility of rotation and interaction with the rod 14. A tubular oxygen spear 2 is connected to the holder 9 using a threaded or collet connection with a seal. The firing device 3 is connected to the tubular oxygen spear 3 by a threaded connection.

 At the working end of the tubular oxygen spear 2, holes 16 of arbitrary shape (Fig. 2) are made at a distance (0.5-2) of the diameter of the pipe from the end face, while the total area of the holes should be commensurate with the passage area of the tubular oxygen spear 2. By the number holes are not required.

 The device operates as follows.

 When moving the lever 15 towards the handle of the holder 9, its second end extends the valve stem 14, opening it. As a result, oxygen penetrates into the cavity of the spear 2 and forces water out of it (if the spear is under water) through the holes 16. After the appearance of gas bubbles (if the work is under water) from the holes 16 or the noise coming out of the holes 16 of gas ( when working in air) by pressing button 7, voltage is supplied from the source 8 to the electric igniter 5 of the initiating pyrotechnic means 3. The igniter 5 is activated by igniting the pyrotechnic composition 6. High temperature and pressure of the released gases of the burning composition and 6 destroy the partition 17. The remaining water in the space between the holes 16 and the end of the spear, the stream of gases leaving the cavity in which the composition 6 is placed, are discarded with a partial exit through the holes 16. Some of the water may evaporate as a result of contact with hot slags of composition 6. As a result of the destruction of the partition 17, hot slags of composition 6 come into contact with oxygen and begin to burn intensively in it, heating and then igniting the material of the housing 4 of the initiating pyrotechnic means 3 and the working t rec lance 2. After the transition to combustion lance housing 2 residues initiating pyrotechnic means 3 fall off and burning of the lance 2 goes into operation to form the cutting Force combustion products are directed along the axis of the spear.

As shown, the application of the invention allows:
- to ensure reliable ignition of the spear with an unpressurized internal cavity, which is especially important when working under water;
- simplify the technology of manufacturing spears;
- simplify the preparation for operation of the cutting device under water.

Claims (4)

 1. A cutting device containing an oxygen source, a tubular oxygen spear with a handle mounted on the working end of the spear initiating pyrotechnic means with an electric igniter, characterized in that in the body of the oxygen spear from the side of the initiating means at a distance equal to 0.5 2 the outer diameters of the spear body from its end, holes are made.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the initiating agent contains a pyrotechnic composition, the slag of which burn in oxygen.  3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing of the initiating means is made of a material burning in oxygen.  4. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1 to 3, characterized in that one electrode is connected to one pole of the power source, and the other is connected to the other pole of the power source through the housing of the initiating means, the body of the spear and the handle body.

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