RU2102693C1 - Shot cartridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cartridges for smoothbore guns. SUBSTANCE: the cartridge has a case, primer, wad, propelled member and a powder charge. The powder charge is divided into parts by a diaphragm with holes. The mass of the charge part at the case bottom is to the mass of the charge at the wad as two is to one with an accuracy of +-0.2. EFFECT: improved design. 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to ammunition, and in particular to the design of cartridges for smoothbore guns and can be used for firing from smoothbore guns.

 Known cartridges containing a sleeve, a primer, a powder charge, divided into parts, separated from each other by a diaphragm with a hole, wad and missile element (England patent N 1273208, CL F 42 B 13/00, 05/03/72; French patent N 917369, class Gr 11, Cl 4, 01/06/47).

 The closest analogue, which is selected for the prototype, is the patent of England N 1273208, F 42 B 13/00, 05/03/72.

 The disadvantage of the design of the cartridge, known from the prototype, is the relatively low flight speed of the missile element due to the fact that the optimum ratio of the parts of the powder charge by mass to which it is divided by the diaphragm has not been found.

 With an increase in the flight speed of a missile element, the shooter’s task to defeat fast-moving targets in hunting and sports stands is much easier. This is due to the fact that with an increase in the flight speed of the missile element, it is possible to reduce the amount of lead in firing, and thereby increase the accuracy of shooting due to a sharp decrease in errors in choosing the amount of lead.

 To increase the flight speed of the missile element in the cartridge: the powder charge is divided into parts so that the mass of the charge at the bottom of the sleeve refers to the mass of the charge at the wad 2: 1 with an accuracy of ± 0.2.

 The drawing shows the proposed design of the cartridge.

 The design of the proposed cartridge contains a sleeve 1 and sequentially located in it: a primer 2, a portion of the powder charge at the bottom of the sleeve 3, a diaphragm with a hole 4, a portion of the powder charge at wad 5, wad 6, missile element 7.

 The cartridge works as follows: from the impact of the shotgun the igniter 2 is ignited, which ignites part of the charge 3, under the influence of the pressure of the powder gases generated from the combustion of this part of the charge, the assembly is accelerated along the barrel: diaphragm 4, part of the charge 5, wad 6 and missile element 7. In the process of dispersal of the specified assembly, the powder gases flow through the hole in the diaphragm 4 into the space occupied by a part of the charge 5 and its powder grains are heated. Upon reaching a certain degree of heating of the grains, part of the charge 5 also ignites and the powder gases formed during combustion increase the pressure and provide a more complete filling of the pressure-time diagram, i.e. without increasing the maximum pressure, the magnitude of the impulse of the pressure force of the powder gases increases through the wad to the missile element, and this increases its flight speed.

 To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed cartridge design, firing from the MTs-16-12 ballistic gun was carried out. Speed and pressure were measured according to the method according to OST 3-2468-74.

 To find the optimal separation of the powder charge into parts according to their masses, the 12-gauge cartridges were charged with Sokol gunpowder, wadded felt and cardboard pads in accordance with GOST 7838-75, Zhevelo igniter caps in accordance with GOST 5.1789-73, and shotgun shells with a mass of 32 g of shot N 9 according to GOST 7837-76, polyethylene diaphragms with a hole with a diameter of 2 mm.

 Diagrams in the form of thin-walled disks with cuffs symmetrically located at the edges were made by injection molding on injection molding machines.

 The test results are shown in the table.

 Analysis of the table shows that the optimal separation of the powder charge in such a way that the mass of the charge at the bottom of the sleeve refers to the mass of the charge at the wad as 2: 1 is optimal for ensuring the maximum flight speed of the missile element without increasing the maximum pressure above the permissible value. In this case, the flight speed of the missile element is greatest, and the pressure of the powder gases is at a level that meets the requirements of the technical documentation for hunting cartridges.

 Additional experiments showed that the achieved effect of increasing flight speed without increasing the maximum pressure above the existing one is provided within certain limits (tolerances) of the mass ratios of the parts of the powder charge.

 It was experimentally determined that the optimal separation of the powder charge in such a way that the mass of part of the charge at the bottom of the sleeve refers to the mass of part of the charge at the wad as 2: 1 with an accuracy of ± 0.2 is optimal for ensuring maximum speed without increasing the maximum pressure in the breech of the gun.

Claims (1)

 A shot cartridge containing a sleeve, an igniter capsule, a powder charge divided into two parts by a diaphragm with a hole, a wad and a missile element, characterized in that the powder charge is divided into parts so that the mass of a part of the charge at the bottom of the shell refers to the mass of a part of the charge wad like 2 1 with an accuracy of ± 0.2.

Images