RU2102439C1 - Multiple-function liquid fuel additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: liquid fuels. SUBSTANCE: basic fuel is supplemented by 0.1-5.0 wt % of additive containing fatty acids, alpha-naphthol, tetramethylethylene glycol, methylaniline, methyl tert-butyl ketone, ichthyol, diisopropyl ether, and tert-butyl alcohol taken in specified proportions. Additive is inexpensive and nontoxic. EFFECT: increased anti-knock property of fuels. 1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of petrochemistry, in particular to processes for producing high-octane liquid fuels through the use of additives.

 Currently known additives containing tetraethyl lead with an octane number of more than 90 in the joint presence of solutions of organoelemental manganese compounds, such as cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl manganese, nickel in monomethylaniline [1] When these components are mixed, a synergistic effect is observed. In the presence of such an additive, the octane number of fuels rises to 10 units.

 Its disadvantage is a significant decrease in the performance of spark plugs due to the formation of bridges overlapping the spark gap. These bridges can even cover the spark gap not partially, but completely. The formation of such bridges is associated with the content of manganese cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl and aromatic amines in the fuel, which coke when the fuel is burned.

Closest to the proposed is an additive that contains cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl manganese and monomethylaniline, as well as hexacarbonyl molybdenum, oleic acid and toluene [2]
The disadvantages of the additive are its lack of effectiveness, as well as a decrease in the gap in the spark plugs and their complete overlap, because fuel contains organometallic compounds.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of multifunctional additives to increase the octane number and maintain liquid fuel at the required level during operation, as well as to increase the efficiency of spark plugs.

This is achieved by the fact that an additive is added to the base fuel at a concentration of 0.1-5.0 wt. which contains the fatty acid fraction C ₁₀ -C _16, alpha-naphthol of the formula C ₁₀ H ₇ OH, tetramethylethylene glycol of the formula C ₂ / CH _3/4 / OH / ₂ monomethylaniline the formula C ₆ H ₅ NHCH _3, methyl tert -butilketon c / CH _3/3 / COCH _3, ichthyol, which is an ammonium salt of sulfonic acids of shale oil, methylbenzene the formula c ₆ H ₅ / CH ₃ / _n, where n = 1 March, diisopropyl ether of the formula O / CHCH ₃ CH _3/2, tert-butanol of the formula C / CH _3/3 OH.

 The ratio of components may be equal, wt.

Fatty acids 1; 0,1-10
Alpha naphthol 4; 0.2-10
Tetramethylene glycol 5; 0.5-20
Monomethylaniline 10; 1-50
Methyl tert-butyl ketone 10; 1-50
Ichthyol 10; 1-50
Polymethylbenzenes 20; 2-60
Diisopropyl ether 20; 2-60
Tert-butanol 20; 2-60
The synergistic effect of each of the components of the additive is due to the fact that the mechanism of each of them is different from each other. In addition, during the interaction of these components, intermediate products arise that promote the formation of isoforms of saturated hydrocarbons.

 The proposed multifunctional liquid fuel additive is a compound widely used in the chemical industry.

 The use of additives developed by us made it possible to increase the octane number of liquid fuels by 13-16 units and increase the stability of the fuel during its operation. Using the additives we offer allows you to refuse the use of tetraethyl lead.

 The content of additives in liquid fuel is below 0.1 wt. does not provide an increase in the octane number of fuel / table /. The increase in the amount of additives in liquid fuel is more than 5 wt. not advisable because does not lead to an increase in the octane number of fuel and at the same time significantly increases its cost making the use of the additive economically inefficient.

 Preparation of multifunctional additives to liquid fuels is as follows. A solvent mixture is prepared by alternately adding diisopropyl ether and methylbenzenes to tert-butanol. Stirring is carried out at room temperature for at least 1 hour

Then, monomethylaniline, methyl tert-butyl ketone, alpha-naphthol and fatty acids are added alternately to the resulting mixture. Stirred at room temperature for at least 1 hour. Ichthyol and tetramethylene glycol were added to the resulting mixture. Stirred and incubated for 30 minutes at a temperature of 40-45 ^o C.

 Used methylbenzenes are a mixture of toluene, xylenes and trimethylbenzenes in an amount, wt. 60, 30, 10, respectively.

Claims (1)

1. A multi-functional additive to liquid fuels, including monomethylaniline, characterized in that it additionally contains fatty acids of fraction C _{1 0} C _{1 6} , alpha-naphthol, tetramethylene glycol, methyl tert-butyl ketone, ichthyol, which is an ammonium salt of sulphonic acids of shale oil, methylbenzenes of the formula C ₆ H ₅ (CH ₃ ) _n , where n 1 3, diisopropyl ether, tert-butanol in the following ratio, wt. Fatty acids fraction C _{1 0} C _{1 6} 0.1 10.0
Alpha Naphthol 0.2 10.0
Tetramethylene glycol 0.5 20.0
Monomethylaniline 1 50
Methyl tert-butyl ketone 1 50
Ichthyol 1 50
Methylbenzenes 2 60
Diisopropyl ether 2 60
Tert-butanol 2 60
2. The additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains components in the following ratio, wt. Fatty acids fraction C _{1 0} C _{1 6} 1
Alpha Naphthol 4
Tetramethylene glycol 5
Monomethylaniline 10
Methyl tert-butyl ketone 10
Ichthyol 10
Methylbenzenes 20
Diisopropyl ether 20
Tert-butanol 20p

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