RU2101903C1 - Soya bean cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves applying contact herbicide prior to seeding and selective herbicide at the phase of appearance of 2-3 leaves. EFFECT: increased efficiency by improved nitrogen-fixing capacity and reduced contamination of soya bean seeds. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in crop production when growing legumes.

 A known method of cultivating soybeans, in which to increase the symbiotic activity make half the dose of the herbicide treflan with its subsequent incorporation into the soil (and.with. 702942, A 01 N 3/00, 1981).

 The disadvantage of this method is that treflan is introduced before sowing and its effect extends to early weeds, which reduces the effectiveness of the method. Emerging late weeds inhibit soy, and the resulting nodules on the roots are a nutrient for all newly emerged weeds along with the main cultivated crop.

 The closest technical solution is the method of soybean cultivation, in which, to stimulate nitrogen fixation, herbicides are introduced for 14-20 days after sowing, and then watered and sown (a.s. 1519539, A 01 B 79/02, 1989).

 However, in the prototype method, during the growing season, late weeds reduce the area of soybean nutrition, which leads to a decrease in grain yield. With this contamination, the nitrogen-fixing ability of soy is reduced.

 The purpose of the invention is the increase of symbiotic activity and the reduction of clogging. This goal is achieved by the fact that the herbicides are applied in two stages, first the Harnes contact action before sowing, and in the phase of 2-3 leaves of Bazagran selective action.

 The method is as follows. Before sowing, the Harnes herbicide at a dose of 3.0 kg / ha (as in production use) is applied, followed by incorporation into the soil and sowing.

 Harnes herbicide of contact action, destroys all weedy vegetative plants.

 Sown seeds in the initial period of growth are somewhat inhibited, including nodules that fix nitrogen on soybean roots.

 To stimulate them, a selective herbicide is introduced, containing carbon molecules and other elements that feed bacteria.

 During the introduction of Bazagran (phase 2-3 leaves), nodules begin to develop. At the same time, compounds of carbon, environment and other substances activate their growth.

 Below this limit (emergence of seedlings of phase 1 of the leaf), the development of nodules on soybean roots did not begin. It is in the phase of 2-3 leaves that nodules form.

 Processing the site with pure Harnes leads to inhibition of nodule formation. Harnes is known to inhibit protein synthesis. Therefore, the application of Harnes herbicide before sowing or during sowing causes the death of early weeds, but inhibits the development of nodules.

 If you process crops at a later date only with Bazagran herbicide, then there is a stimulation of biological nitrogen fixation. However, crop yields can be low, as weed infestation inhibits soy, and weeds use biological nitrogen for their development.

 Sequential treatment with two types of soybean herbicides reduces weediness and stimulates nitrogen fixation.

 Example 1. Before sowing soybean was made an aqueous solution of Harnes at a dose of 3.0 kg / g a.i. with its subsequent incorporation into the soil by steam cultivators.

 Veselka soybean was sown in a wide-row method with a sowing rate of 40 thousand plants per hectare, 45 cm between rows. Bazagran herbicide was introduced into a phase of 2 leaves at doses of 1.4 kg / ha.

 Accounting for the number of nodules was carried out in the phase of their maximum development (budding phase, the beginning of flowering).

 Example 2. Herbicides were introduced as in the first example, with the only difference being that the sowing was carried out in a continuous manner with 15 cm row spacing with a seed rate of 400 thousand and the treatment with Bazagran was carried out in a phase of 3 leaves.

 The results of the tests showed that the application of two successively different herbicides (Harnes 3 kg / ha a.a. + Bazagran 1.4 kg / ha a.a.) in comparison with the control (without treatment) significantly increases the number of nodules and mass per plant, as well as indicators such as leaf area and grain yield (table).

 thus, the use of a combination of herbicides Harnes 3.0 kg / ha a.i. (2-chloro-N (ethoxymethyl) -N (2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl) acetamide + bazagran 164 kg / ha d.v. (3-1 (methyl-ethyl) -1-H-2,1,3 benzathiadicinone 4,2,2 dioxide) favorably affects the development of nodule bacteria, which ultimately increases the yield, as due to the increase in the number and weight of nodules, the fixation of molecular atmospheric nitrogen is significantly activated, which positively affects the nitrogen nutrition of soy plants, reduces clogging crops.

Claims (1)

 A method of soybean cultivation, including the pre-sowing application of contact herbicides, their incorporation and sowing, characterized in that the herbicides are applied in two stages: first, the Harnes contact herbicide before sowing and in the phase of 2 3 leaves of selective action bazagran.

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