RU2099595C1 - Heat engine (options) and thermoelement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: alternative power supplies converting low-temperature heat energy into mechanical energy for shaft rotation. SUBSTANCE: heat engine is made in the form of drum with side wall of heat-memory ribbons stretched between two end walls of drum. One of walls is placed at angle to axis of revolution. At different temperature of opposite sides of drum, length of ribbons is different which creates force for setting drum in rotary motion. This rotation may be taken, for example, by power plant generator. EFFECT: simplified design. 6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to energy.

 The prior art has analogues: ed. N 1270409, US Pat. N 2003834 and others.

 Analogs have a body and a rotating drum, the side surface of which is formed by working elements that change length when the temperature changes.

 The disadvantages of analogues are that their working elements can only be of large thickness, since they work in longitudinal bending, hence the low speed of their heating and cooling and low efficiency.

 The prototype is the device according to US Pat. N 2003834. It has a drum with end walls, set at an angle to each other. It also has rare cycles, small ones: revolutions, power and efficiency.

 The proposed heat engine does not have these drawbacks.

 The essence of the invention is that the end walls of the drum are kept from approaching each other by shafts abutting against each other or against the supports of the housing. This enables the side surface of the drum to be made of stretched wires or tapes.

 The technical result is that a heating and cooling cycle, for example, a tape is measured in milliseconds. Many cycles per second many revolutions. The large surface of the tape allows you to convert a large amount of thermal energy and get large power and efficiency.

 In FIG. 1 shows a heat engine with a drum and end walls held by shafts bursting them. In FIG. 2 shafts are held by bearings. In FIG. 3 heat engine with a drum in the form of a truncated cone.

 The heat engine (Fig. 1) has a housing 1, a drum 2, including in the form of a truncated cone 3 (Fig. 3), the end walls of which 4 and 5 are mounted on shafts 6 or axles 7 (Fig. 2). Between the walls, elements 8 are stretched - these are wires or thin ribbons.

 The principle of operation of FIG. 1 in that the heated elements, for example in the reservoir 13, are elongated, and those cooled in the air contract and contract the end walls. The impact on the inclined wall creates a moment, turning the drum around its axis. Thermocouples, constantly changing places, make the drum rotate.

 The thermocouple wire or tape 8 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) can be replaced with a continuous film having a high coefficient of linear expansion. When heated from one side, for example under sunlight, and when cooled from the other, the drum will rotate.

 There is a second variant of the heat engine, it is more convenient in that its end walls are parallel, and the shafts and axes are horizontal.

 The essence of the invention of the second option is that it has parallel end walls that rotate on the same axis, mounted on the bed, and the tensioned elements are attached on one of the walls to the levers interacting with the crank axis.

 The technical result is an increase in power, speed and efficiency.

 In FIG. 4 shows a heat engine of the second embodiment.

 On one of the end walls (Fig. 4), levers 9 are placed around the circumference of the wall, to each of which are attached the ends of the tensioned wires or sloth 10, grouped to reduce the number of levers. The levers through rods (rods) 11 are connected to a common bearing, mounted on the crank 12 of the axis.

 Thermoelements 10, changing the length during heating and cooling through levers 9 and rods 11, tend to rotate the crank 12. And since the crank is fixed, the drum rotates, transmitting force to the shaft.

 A third version of the heat engine is proposed.

 Its prototype is the same as that of the first embodiment (Pat. N 2003834).

 The essence of the invention of the third option is that thermocouples are thin-walled pipes with a wall thickness of 0.01 3 mm, mounted on an inclined wall by hinges.

 EFFECT: fast heating and cooling of thermocouples.

 In FIG. 5 shows a heat engine of the 3rd embodiment.

 He has installed between the end walls of the thermocouples of the pipe 20 on the hinges 21.

 When heated, the thermocouples lengthen and, pressing on the inclined wall, create a moment of rotation of the drum.

 For greater efficiency, special thermocouples are offered.

 Analogs are wire or strip used in ed. St. N 1449702, N 1684540, US Pat. N, 2003834.

 the prototype is auto N 1,449,702.

 The disadvantages of the prototype are the small stroke of the ends and the small heating area.

 The proposed thermocouple has these parameters higher.

 The essence of the invention is that the thermocouple is made of a wave or ribbon wave-like, for example, from a stretched wire spring or a stretched tape with transverse corrugations.

 The technical result is that the elements are flexible and the fastening of their ends does not require hinges, the heat transfer surface and the course of the ends are increased, with the same overall length the cycle frequency increases.

 In FIG. 6 shows a wire thermocouple, the projection of the tape has exactly the same form. The shape memory of many arcs with a small arrow shortens the element more than that of a straight one, increases the longitudinal force, like a small lateral force when the cable is stretched.

 If you connect the thermocouple to the ring 14 (Fig. 2) and put the piezoelectric elements, then the pressure on the thermocouples will change in a sinusoid, and sinusoidally changing current charges will appear on their faces. By changing the connection diagrams of thermocouples, a current collector can remove direct or alternating current, including multiphase.

 The movement of air replaces the heating of thermocouples with a variant operating from sunlight, so a canopy 16 (Fig. 2) of window glass was put in, transmitting sunlight and delaying thermal, as well as reducing air movement.

 Connections 17 (Fig. 2), 18 (Fig. 3) and 19 (Fig. 4) are needed only to ensure the simultaneous rotation of the end walls, removing this load from the thermocouples.

Claims (6)

 1. A heat engine comprising a housing and a drum, the end walls of which are placed on the shafts (axles) at an angle to each other, and the side surface is formed by thermocouples that change length when the temperature changes, characterized in that the shafts abut each other or supports, holding from the rapprochement of the wall, and the thermocouple in the form of a wire or tapes is stretched between the end walls.  2. The heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a film with a large coefficient of linear expansion is stretched between the walls as thermocouples.  3. The heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that thermoelements are attached to the ring on one of the end walls, and piezoelectric elements having current collectors are placed between the ring and the wall.  4. A heat engine comprising a housing and a drum, the side surface of which is formed by thermocouples that change length when the temperature changes, placed between the end walls of the drum, characterized in that the end walls are parallel to each other and are able to rotate around one axis fixed to the frame, and the tensioned thermocouples attached to the wall to the levers interacting with the crank axis.  5. A heat engine comprising a housing and a drum, the end walls of which are set at an angle to each other, and the side surface is formed by thermocouples that change length when the temperature changes, characterized in that the thermocouples are made in the form of thin-walled pipes.  6. A thermocouple consisting of a wire or tape having a thermal shape memory, characterized in that it is made wavy, for example, from a stretched wire spring, or a stretched tape with transverse corrugations.

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