RU209933U1 - Electromechanical dewaxer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the oil and gas industry and is designed to remove asphalt, resin and paraffin deposits on the surfaces of field pipes. The device includes a working body in the form of a cylindrical tip with a closed steel housing, which houses an electric motor powered by a frequency converter, a temperature sensor, a shaft with an eccentric mass, due to which high-frequency vibration occurs, a cutting element attached to the motor shaft and protruding beyond the end face. part of the steel body. The power cable of the frequency converter has a protective earth. On the case of the frequency converter there is a light indicator that indicates the presence or absence of voltage in the working body, an on-off button for supplying voltage to the electric motor. Inside the frequency converter, there is a galvanic isolation that can prevent electric shock, a residual current device and overload protection. The frequency converter is located in an aluminum housing and is located at the wellhead. Efficiency and reliability of cleaning from deposits increases. 4 w.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

Purpose of the utility model:

The utility model is designed to remove deposits of ARPD (asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, which are heavy oil components deposited on the inner surface of oilfield equipment and impede its production, transportation and storage) and other inclusions, using the mechanical action of a rotating cutter and high-frequency vibration on them.

Field of technology and application:

Areas of industry where there are processes of production, transportation and storage of oil, and there is a possibility of deposits of ARPD or other inclusions.

The claimed utility model can be used in vertical, inclined, exploratory, multilateral, multilateral, exploration, production, reserve, control, appraisal, backup and fountain wells. As well as wells with electric centrifugal pumps and wells for exploration.

State of the art:

ARPD removal methods can be divided into mechanical, thermal and chemical. Because the invention removes ARPD by mechanical action, which means that the method used is mechanical.

The principle of operation of most known devices for mechanical dewaxing (a process aimed at removing ARPD) is to scrape ARPD from the walls of pipes using devices called scrapers. Cleaning is achieved by moving a scraper or a string of pigs up and down the wellbore, either with manual or mechanized winches.

Known "Device for cleaning oil well tubing strings from paraffin" (patent RU No. 2630028, IPC E21B 37/02, publ. 05.09.2017 in Bull. No. 25) consisting of a winch with a drum and an electric motor, a switching unit, a controls, sensors, flexible element, weighted scraper and control system.

Also known is a “Device for cleaning oilfield pipes from paraffin” (patent RU No. 2396421, IPC E21B 37/02, publ. friend by 90°, body with attachment points, spikes, two movable spring-loaded elements with knives.

Both devices implement a method that includes lowering and raising a scraper in a well pipe string on a flexible traction using a manual or mechanical drive and cutting paraffin deposits from the inside of the cleaned pipes in any direction with a scraper equipped with knives with sharpened ends.

This method is effective only with regular operation of the devices (moving up and down) or with a frequency that does not allow AFS to form dense deposits that cover more than half the diameter of the pipes on an extended section of the inner surface of the tubing (tubing, used to extract liquid and gas from wells , injection of water, compressed air (gas) and the performance of various types of work on the current and major repairs of wells) or form blind plugs.

The above devices, like all other currently known devices that implement this dewaxing method, have one common drawback: in the presence of dense plugs that completely cover the inner diameter of the pipes or deposits that cover more than half the diameter of the pipes over a long period, their efficiency is significantly reduced or reduces to zero. Since in this case, multiple "punching" (moving up and down) by devices of these sections is required. Because of this, there is a risk of jamming of devices in the tubing, it is required to remove the scraper for the selection and replacement of cone cutters, which significantly increases the time of work, which leads to downtime of the well and an increase in the cost of work.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model:

Achievement of the technical result in the form of the most effective removal of paraffin deposits, i.e. ensuring the maximum possible flow section of the tubing string in a minimum period of time with the involvement of minimum resources is ensured due to the mechanical impact on the AFS of a rotating cutter and high-frequency vibration of an electromechanical dewaxer. The cutter diameter is selected individually for each tubing trunk, depending on the pipe section. The device itself has a body diameter of 50 mm, which corresponds to the most common section of most used tubing pipes. Achieving the claimed technical result with the help of the utility model will ensure the maintenance of the well flow rate (the efficiency of oil fluid production), reduce the costs associated with cleaning the tubing shaft from paraffin deposits, allow replacing the known devices for removing paraffin deposits, and also eliminate the need for the use of thermal and chemical methods of dewaxing.

Brief description of drawings:

1. Frequency converter;

2. Typical logging hoist (manual or power winch);

3. Logging cable;

4. Roller console;

5. Lubricator for feeding the device into the well;

6. Wellhead piping (Xmas tree);

7. tubing;

8. Working body in the form of a cylindrical tip with a body made of alloy steel, which houses an electric motor;

9. Cutting element in the form of a drill, cutter or analogues;

10. Deposits of ASPO;

11. Oil reservoir.

Implementation of the utility model:

The disadvantage of the known methods for removing paraffin deposits is the inability to create the maximum possible flow section of the tubing string in the presence of long-term circulation of oil liquid through it. Since the known methods make it possible to maintain in working condition only that flow section of the tubing string, through which free descent on the traction body of known devices is possible under the action of its own gravity. The resulting through hole is not the maximum for the section of the tubing string and this cleaning cannot be called effective, because. it takes much less time for ARPD deposits to form again, causing a decrease in well flow rate and it becomes necessary to clean the inner surface of the tubing string again. An attempt to return the passage section of the tubing string to its original state (the maximum possible passage section) using known devices, as a rule, leads to failure, because it is not possible to carry out the descent on the traction body of devices of the desired diameter.

If it is not possible to clean the inner surface of the tubing from paraffin deposits mechanically using known devices, more radical cleaning methods are resorted to: thermal, chemical or complete extraction of tubing from the well for further flushing. These methods are associated with the involvement of huge resources (personnel, equipment, time, raw materials) and, as a result, have an incomparably high cost, and a downtime of a well can take several days.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is a device for mechanical cleaning of the inner surface of tubing from deposits, lowered on a cable, consisting of a cylindrical body, on the outer surface of which flexible metal brushes are placed, and in the inner cavity there is an electric motor fixed in a body with with the help of supports and centered with the help of two rolling bearings, a shaft of variable diameter is connected to the motor with the possibility of performing vibration-oscillatory movements, the shaft section in its central part has an ellipsoidal shape, while the cable is fixed with a hanging sub, and the brushes are made with the possibility of bending upwards - down depending on the direction of movement of the device (RU 157614 U1).

The disadvantage of this device is the absence of a cutting element in the front / end part of the device, without which the advancement of the device down the tubing will be practically impossible in the presence of dense or deaf plugs formed by deposits of paraffin deposits. The next disadvantage is the need for progressive movements of the device up / down, only in this case the need for flexible metal brushes that perform a scraping function is justified. Those. it is impossible to achieve the desired cross section of the tubing in one run down with the proposed device. The disadvantage of this device is also the need to supply flushing fluid, which cleans the metal brushes from contamination. At the well site, it is not always possible to supply flushing fluid, and the very fact of its use indicates an increase in the cost of such work. One of the differences between the claimed utility model and the device (RU 157614 U1) is that it is configured to communicate with a logging hoist in the form of a manual or mechanized winch, using a logging cable to move it along the tubing string and supply voltage to the working body at the same time.

The proposed utility model consists of a working body (8) in the form of a cylindrical tip with a closed steel housing, which houses an electric motor powered by a frequency converter (1), a temperature sensor, a shaft with an eccentric mass, due to which high-frequency vibration occurs, seals, bearings , a cutting element attached to the motor shaft and protruding beyond the end part of the steel housing. The power cable of the frequency converter has a protective earth. On the case of the frequency converter there is a light indicator that indicates the presence or absence of voltage in the working body, an on-off button for supplying voltage to the electric motor of the working body. Inside the frequency converter, there is a galvanic isolation, which is able to prevent electric shock, a residual current device and overload protection. The kit includes couplings or adapters for connecting the frequency converter and the working body to the logging cable through cable lugs. The frequency converter can be located in an aluminum housing and located at the wellhead, near the voltage source, or be built directly into the steel housing of the working body and be immersed in its composition into the tubing wellbore. To prevent failure of the electric motor when the load and temperature increase above the nominal value, a temperature sensor is provided in the handpiece body.

Achieving the required technical result is ensured by using the claimed utility model, which functions as follows: a cutting element in the form of a drill or cutter (9) with a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the tubing (7) is attached to the tip shaft (8). The working body is connected through an adapter to the logging cable (3) of a typical logging hoist, manual or mechanized winch (2) and placed in the well lubricator (5) for further descent into the tubing shaft. The working body is lowered into the tubing shaft through a lubricator. If there are deposits of ARPD (10) in the tubing that prevent further descent of the working body, the electric motor of the working body is started using the on-off button located on the frequency converter housing (1). As the speed of rotation of the motor shaft, on which the eccentric mass is located, increases, high-frequency vibration occurs, which is transmitted along the entire length of the body in equal directions, causing the ARPD to peel from the inner walls of the tubing, and the destruction of the ARPD using a cutter or drill, which ensures further advancement working body down the tubing trunk, under the action of its own gravity. After passing the tubing section with deposits of paraffin deposits, the electric motor of the working body is stopped using the on-off button located on the frequency converter housing and the working body is lifted to the wellhead.

Claims (5)

1. An electromechanical dewaxer, including a working body in the form of a cylindrical tip with a closed steel case, in which an electric motor powered by a frequency converter is placed with a shaft having an eccentric mass, due to which high-frequency vibration occurs, a temperature sensor, a cutting element attached to the motor shaft and protruding beyond the end of the body. 2. The electromechanical dewaxer according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a frequency converter power cable, protective earth, an on-off button, a light indicator, a set of couplings or adapters for connecting the working body to the logging cable through cable lugs, and the cutting element is made in the form of a cutter or drill with a diameter equal to the flow area of the tubing. 3. An electromechanical dewaxer according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to communicate via a logging cable with a logging hoist in the form of a manual or mechanized winch for moving along the tubing string and supplying voltage to the working body. 4. Electromechanical dewaxer according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency converter is made in an aluminum case with the possibility of a protective shutdown, inside the frequency converter there is a galvanic isolation that can prevent electric shock, overload protection. 5. Electromechanical dewaxer according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency converter, which starts the electric motor of the working body, is located at the power source on the well pad.

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