RU2099042C1 - Heating device for steam and dry hot-air baths - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering; heaters for producing steam hot air for steam ("Russian") baths and for dry hot-air ("Finnish" or "saunas") baths. SUBSTANCE: proposed heater comprises metallic skeletal or carcass with grate, onto which not stones are placed. Carcass has frame, onto which plurality of thermoelectric heaters are placed. Heaters are in form of spirals made of Nichrome alloy and enclosed in heat-resistant glass sheathing withstanding heating up to 1000 C. Sheathing is 1.5-3 mm thick. Stones are laid onto grate. Frame supporting thermoelectric heaters is pulled out of carcass during replacement procedure. Power control unit is interposed between power supply and heaters. EFFECT: 1) uniform convective heat (steam) flow is generated; 2) improved microclimate in bath room due to preventing contact of air with overheated metal parts; 3) greater comfort and longer service life. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medical equipment, is intended as a device for producing steam and hot air in baths, saunas, including individual and recreational complexes.

 Known heating device for saunas in the form of an electric furnace (International patent PCT 90/01918, A 61 H 33/06 F24 C 7/06), in which the elements of stone are made in the form of tiles glued to each other and the body. Electric heating elements are inserted inside each stone element.

 This device (a sauna oven) is difficult to manufacture and does not provide for a bath mode (maintaining the necessary humidity).

 As a prototype of the invention, a heating device for sauna stoves, manufactured by the Russian industry, containing a nichrome spiral enclosed in a metal shell (TEN) was selected. Heating elements are mounted inside the housing permanently and are switched on according to a permanent circuit, excluding power control. (Furnace IE1-44-I1, manufactured by the Kazan Metalware Plant, 1990). The known device does not allow to quickly repair and replace heating elements, to regulate power, which creates the scope of its application for both saunas (dry steam) and Russian baths. In addition, the metal shells of heating elements at high heating temperatures emit harmful substances during oxidation that degrade the microclimate of the heated room.

 The present invention eliminates the above disadvantages.

 The technical result of the invention is to increase the convenience and durability of operation, expanding its field of application for different types of baths, improving the microclimate of the heated room by eliminating contact of the heated medium with overheated metal elements and creating a more uniform convection stream.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the heating device for saunas and Russian baths (NUM-1) contains a metal frame with a grating for placing stones, in which thermoelectric heaters are installed in the form of nichrome spirals enclosed in shells, while the heating elements are mounted horizontally on a frame with the possibility of its extension from the frame, their shells are made in the form of tubes made of heat-resistant glass with a heating temperature of up to 1000 ^o C and a wall thickness of 1.5 to 3 mm, and a regulated unit is connected between the power source and the heating elements Iya power.

 The description of the heating device is illustrated in the drawing.

The heating device is a metal frame with a grid for placing stones. Frame 2 is horizontally inserted into the frame with TENs in the form of nichrome spirals enclosed in tubes made of heat-resistant glass that can withstand heating up to 1000 ^o C. The wall thickness of the tubes is selected in the range from 1.5 to 3 mm.

 The device is installed in a specially prepared place for the sauna (on the floor, on a stand, in a wall niche). Heating elements are connected to the power source through the power control unit (not shown in the drawing).

 As stones superimposed on the grate and performing the function of a heat accumulator, granite cobblestone is usually used.

 The sizes of stones are 80-120 mm. The total weight of the stones is 50-150 kg.

 As a power control unit, a Y-5100 series control box is used, connected to a temperature sensor, for example, a TPK-1003k-M1 gauge thermometer (PO Teplokontrol, Kazan) installed in a sleeve, in the wall of a bath or sauna.

The proposed heater allows you to obtain the following specifications:
maximum power consumption for saunas and baths for 6-8 people 20 kV (380 V), for saunas for two people 4.5 kV (220 V);
power regulation range 13.2-20 kW;
power consumption 4.5 kW / h (220 V) and 12 kW / h (380 V);
the temperature of the heated medium 110-160 ^o C.

The performed studies showed that the heat-resistant glass used for TEN tubes, eliminating any emissions into the air when heated up to 1000 ^o C, allows to obtain a more uniform heat flux from the spirals, as well as maximum strength in heating mode with a wall thickness selected in the range from 1.5 to 3 mm.

 The device used tubes with the following dimensions: length 580 mm, outer diameter 27 mm.

 Overall dimensions of the heating device are: length 600 mm, height 500 mm, width 330 mm.

 Weight without stones 13.6 kg.

 The work of the proposed heating device is as follows.

 The frame with heating elements is installed above the air supply. Stones are placed on the grate and the device is connected to a power source. When the room or bath reaches the required temperature, measured by a temperature sensor, usually installed on the wall of the room at a certain height from the floor and at least a meter away from the heating device, the power control unit automatically turns off the heating elements.

 When working in the Russian bath (steam room) mode using steam, the necessary humidity in the volume of the room is maintained with the help of portions of water poured onto the stones. The use of heat-resistant glass for the shell of heating elements in a humid atmosphere eliminates harmful emissions from their surface, and also eliminates the burnout of oxygen in the sauna room due to the lack of contact of the nichrome spiral with air.

 To replace the heating elements, the frame with them extends along the runners from the frame, while their electrical connection with the control unit is not broken.

 A prototype of the proposed device was tested in the sauna dispensary US Ryazan State District Power Plant. As a result, it was revealed that the specified device provides greater heat transfer with smaller dimensions and increases comfort due to the use of heat-resistant glass tubes as protection instead of metal heating elements in heaters-stoves of industrial production in Russia.

 The optimal ratio of the surface power of the heating elements, the design of the frame and lattice for placing stones allows for intensive heating to high temperature of circulating air and the accumulation of heat in the stone backfill.

The heating device allows you to combine the traditional conditions of the Finnish sauna ("dry steam" with a moisture content of 10-30% at a temperature of 80-120 ^o C) and the Russian bath ("wet steam" with a moisture content of 60-70% at a temperature of 70-90 ^o C )

Claims (1)

A heating device for saunas and baths containing a metal frame with a grating for placing stones, in which thermoelectric heaters are installed in the form of nichrome spirals enclosed in a shell, characterized in that the thermoelectric heaters are mounted horizontally on the frame with the possibility of its extension from the frame, their shells are made in the form of tubes made of heat-resistant glass with a heating temperature of up to 1000 ^o C and a wall thickness of 1.5 3 mm, and a block r is connected between the power source and thermoelectric heaters power regulation.