RU2095522C1 - Working member of ditch cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: land reclamation machinery. SUBSTANCE: this is used for cleaning ditches from drift and vegetation and also can be used for cutting ditches. For higher productivity and selective dumping of drift materials, better quality of cleaning, working member of ditch cleaner has scarifier made in the form of star with its rays created by flat blades. Also provided are thrower, housing, scarifier and thrower drive units, end-face milling cutter which carries scarifier and which is made integral with shaft and drive unit. Thrower drive unit in the form of worm gearing reducer located in housing is located in hollow shaft. Additional shaft is mounted on it. Arranged in milling cutter is thrower control mechanism which is made up of cam integral with shaft, pushers installed for possible interaction with cam and having springs mounted on them. Pushers are located star-like. EFFECT: high efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to land reclamation and is intended for cleaning channels from sediment and vegetation, and can also be used for cutting channels.

 A known working body of a channel cleaner, including a ripper and a thrower located on the same shaft, placed in a casing with a window equipped with ground guides, the thrower is made in the form of a star prism, the edges of which are symmetrical to the axis of each of the rays, and the ripper is made in the form of a star, rays which are formed by flat knives protruding beyond the outer edge of the casing, and the axes of the knives of the cultivator and thrower are offset from one another / 1 /.

 Closest to the claimed technical solution is the working body of the channel cleaner, including a cultivator made in the form of a star mounted on a shaft, the rays of which are formed by flat knives, a thrower, a casing and drives of the cultivator and thrower, it is equipped with an end mill, on which there is a cultivator made at the same time with a shaft and a drive, while the shaft is made hollow, and the thrower drive is in the form of a worm gear located in the casing, installed in the hollow shaft of the additional shaft, mounted on it and located in the end mill of the control mechanism of the throwers associated with them by rods and cranks, while the throwers are located between the end mill and the knives of the cultivator / 2 /.

 This device has the following disadvantages. When cleaning the channels, the ripper blades cut the sediment layer without completely destroying them. Throwers due to the arrangement of this mechanism and the peculiarities of its operation, which consist in the fact that the throwers are at a constant angle to each other and when the end mill rotates, they rotate at the same angular speed as it, but in the opposite direction, cut the trimmed layer sediment and fed to the edge of the field. As a result of this, productivity decreases, there is no selectivity of sediment ejection, and the quality of channel cleaning deteriorates.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the canal cleanser, to ensure selectivity of sediment ejection and to improve the quality of channel cleaning.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the working body of the channel cleaner includes an end mill, on which is located integral with the hollow shaft, in the form of a star, the rays of which are formed by flat knives, a cultivator with a drive, a thrower with a drive in the form of a worm gear, the shaft of which is mounted in a hollow shaft cultivator, drive casing and thrower control mechanism located in the end mill. In this case, the control mechanism of the throwers has a cam made at the same time with the drive shaft of the throwers and installed with the possibility of interaction with the cam of the pusher with springs, while the pushers and throwers are arranged in the form of a star with the possibility of placement in the end mill.

 A comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the control mechanism of the throwers, having a cam made at the same time with the drive shaft of the throwers and pushers with springs arranged to interact with the cam, while the pushers and throwers are arranged in the form of a star with the possibility of placement in the end mill, are new. Therefore, the claimed device meets the criterion of novelty.

 The proposed working body of the scrubber in comparison with the technical solutions known in science and technology when using it will allow to increase the productivity of the scrubber, selectivity of sediment discharge and improving the quality of cleaning.

 In science and technology known technical solutions used in the proposed device. In principle, the action and design of the proposed working body is similar to the executive body of a coal processor.

 When analyzing them, analogies are traced in the device and the principle of operation of the following elements: 1. a hollow shaft and a hollow drum; 2. end mill and crown; 3. centrifugal and cam.

 But there are significant differences. In the executive body of a coal combine, eccentricity is achieved by displacing the drive shaft of the crown relative to the axis of the drum and with the remaining elements of this device is necessary to obtain a rectangular cross-section of the face. In the proposed device, a cam with the remaining elements of the control mechanism of the throwers is necessary to give the throwers an optimal position for cleaning the channels. Therefore, the claimed device meets the criterion of significant differences.

 The drawing shows a General view of the working body of the channel cleaner. It consists of a cultivator made in the form of a star, the rays of which are formed by flat knives 1. The cultivator is located on the end mill 2, which is made integral with the hollow shaft 3 having a cultivator drive 4. The drive of the thrower 5, made in the form of a worm gear, has a shaft 6 installed in the hollow shaft 3 and fixed in it. The drives of the cultivator 4 and the thrower 5 are located in the casing 7. The control mechanism of the throwers together with the throwers 8, located in the form of a star, is located in the end mill 2. It consists of a cam 9, made integral with the shaft 6, installed with the possibility of interaction with the cam 9 pushers 10 and springs installed on them (not shown in FIG. 1).

 The working body of the channel cleaner operates as follows.

 When cleaning the channels, the drive of the cultivator 4 with the hollow shaft 3 rotates the end mill 2. It knives the deposits with the knives 1 and removes them with the throwers 8 from the channel. For this, the cam 9 pushers 10 displays them in the optimal position. When the throwers 8 do not work, the springs 10 push them into the end mill 2. To change the direction of the sediment discharge, rotate the drive of the thrower 5, which rotates the cam 9 with the shaft 6 and self-locks, as it is made in the form of a worm gear.

 The installation of throwers in an optimal position provides increased productivity, selectivity of sediment ejection and improved quality of channel cleaning.

Claims (1)

 The working body of the channel cleaner, including an end mill, on which there is a star-shaped ripper made with a hollow shaft, the beams of which are formed by flat knives, a cultivator with a drive, a thrower with a drive in the form of a worm gear, the shaft of which is mounted in the hollow shaft of the cultivator, the drive casing and a thrower control mechanism located in the end mill, characterized in that the thrower control mechanism has a cam made for one with the drive shaft of the throwers and installed with the possibility of interaction with the cam olkateli with springs, with the pushers and throwers are located in the shape of a star to be placed in face milling cutter.