RU2095306C1 - Railway tank car lower draining device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: device has rocker installed for pumping and for connection of gripping hooks with drive. Drive is made in form of screw mechanism. Coupling head is made in form of cylinder. Seat is made as ring. EFFECT: facilitated draining - discharge of liquid fuel from railway tank car. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to unloading means, in particular for unloading the discharge of liquid fuel from railway tanks.

 The invention is used at discharging sites with intermittent operation or temporarily deployed, including in winter conditions.

 Designed for the possibility of manufacturing and installation in operational enterprises of civil aviation.

 It can find application in the areas of oil discharge of the army, agriculture, automobile, water, rail transport, industry.

 When used for the manufacture of materials resistant to the used aggressive liquids, it can be used in enterprises of the chemical industry, food, agriculture and other sectors of the economy.

 A device is known for lower discharge and filling of a railway tank (auth. St. N 680932), having a connecting head suspended on an articulated pipeline and having an annular stop and articulated gripping hooks spring-loaded with a squeezing disk, and the hook rotation drive is made in the form of a hollow an elastic chamber of an annular shape associated with a source of compressed air and placed between the stop and the disk. Pressing the connecting head to the drain pipe of the tank is carried out by air supply, and disconnecting by removing air pressure.

 A device is known (ed. St. N 1076373), where the squeezing disk is located above the elastic chamber and is connected to the connecting head by means of elastic elements. In this device, the connection head is pressed against the tank nozzle by the action of springs, and disconnection occurs when compressed air is supplied to the elastic chamber.

 But these devices are difficult to manufacture and operate, the installation of compressed air sources with a piping system is necessary, the cost of energy sources and additional maintenance are required.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a device for lower discharge and filling of railway tanks (ed.St. N 230854, class B 65 D), consisting of an articulated pipeline, one end of which is connected to the food collector, and the other has a connecting head with a conical landing saddle and two gripping hooks, each driven by a separate eccentric device, made in the form of handles connected with hook-grips using a lever system consisting of a rod, an earring and ratchet gear. The connecting head has a housing in the upper conical part of which a sealing ring is installed. With two hooks-captures, the head is attached to the lower drain pipe of the rail tank device. The grippers are equipped with coil springs, and in the upper position the handles are fixed with two locks. Based on this invention, ANS-7B bottom discharge devices are made for fuel discharge and has a mass of 158 kg, a working force applied to the handle arms of 20 kg.

 However, the use of this system for work has its own peculiarities: for connecting and sealing with a drain pipe of a railway tank, it is necessary to drive two handles simultaneously with two hands with equal and considerable effort.

 The complexity of manufacturing a connecting head with a tapered landing saddle, which requires foundry or forging equipment.

 A specially molded gasket must be used.

 In operating conditions this creates difficulty.

 The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to create a lightweight device for emptying railway tanks of light and reliable in operation, a simple manufacturing and operating technology, with low cost.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device; figure 2 and 3 is a suspension system. The device comprises a connecting head, made in the form of a cylinder 1 with an oval bottom 2 in the lower part and a clamping ring 3 in the upper part with a gasket in the form of a flat ring 4. On the inner wall of the chute of the clamping ring there are holes 5, which serve to drain residual liquid, which is retained in the plane of the ring. A screw mechanism is attached to the outer side of the bottom 2 through an intermediate stiffener 6 containing a screw 7 with a supporting thread and a figured nut 8, which in the upper part on the outside has a shoulder 9, resting through the bearing 10 and the stiffening plate 11 on two tides 12 located on the sleeve 13 of the rocker arm 14.

 The top of the tides is oval. The stiffness plate serves to protect the bearing from deformation under the influence of tidal pressure. The rocker with the sleeve and tides are made as one piece. The bobbin rocker is dressed with a sleeve on a figured nut, and the inner hole of the sleeve has a variable section, expanding in the lower part to allow swinging on tides relative to the figured nut. For the same purpose, the diameter of the sleeve bore in the upper part is 6-12% larger than the outer diameter of the figured nut. The length of the curly nut is made up of the thickness of the shoulder, bearing, stiffness washer, tide height, sleeve length 15 of the helm 16. At the edges of the rocker arm, axles 17 are attached to the hooks 18, held by clamps 20 and springs 19. And the hooks themselves are hooked to the drain the pipe of the tank 21. To drain the drained fluid is a pipe 22, extending from the side wall of the connecting head.

For ease of assembly, the axis of the nozzle is offset from the plane perpendicular to the plane of the hooks of the grips by an angle of up to 30 ^o , and for tightness of the connection with the drain sleeve has a double shoulder. Using two bosses 23, the device is suspended on a fork 24 of the suspension system shown in FIG. 2.

 The lugs themselves are rigidly connected to the side wall and are offset from the plane of capture of hooks in the direction of the pipe by 20 30 degrees.

 The suspension system consists of a fork 24, an arrow 25, pivotally connected to a rotatable rigid bracket 26 and held by an adjustable spring mechanism 27. Due to the articulated joints of the rigid bracket and boom, the connecting head is fed into the working area, and due to the possibility of the rotational movement of the fork on the axis and swing on the bosses, the planes of the drain pipe of the tank are combined with the clamping ring of the connecting head. The size of the working area deviation of the installation of the drain pipe of the tank, determined by the length of the bracket and boom.

 The device operates as follows. In a non-operational state, the device is removed from the working area, the boom is aligned with the bracket due to the double hinge, and its end holding the connecting head is fixed from arbitrary displacement to the support of the hinge holder. The connecting head is closed by a cover and a cover (not shown in the figures). During operation, the operator removes the cover, detaches the retaining latch, and then the lid held by the hooks, for which it rotates the helm 2 3 turns to the left and takes the hooks to the sides. By pressing the arrow down, the operator overcomes the spring tension and, due to the hinged connection of the suspension system, brings the connecting head to the drain pipe of the tank, from which the lid has been removed beforehand. Reducing the operator's effort on the boom, the connecting head rises up. Moreover, due to the swaying on the axis of the yoke 24 and bosses 23, the connecting head with its pressure ring of the gasket is brought to the drain pipe of the tank 21. During the upward movement, the hooks-grips 18 slide along the pipe, are retracted, overcoming the efforts of the springs 19 and, under their action, converge behind the connecting collar of a branch pipe. When the steering wheel 16 is turned to the right, the figured nut 8 moves downward through the support screw 7 and through the bearing 10, the stiffness washer 11 transfers the force to the tides 12 of the rocker arm 14, which equalizes the force transmitted to the hooks-grips 18 due to the same shoulders. rotation of the nut raises the support screw 7, pressing the head against the drain pipe and ensuring the tightness of the connection due to the gasket.

 The system is ready for draining.

 At the end of the drain, by turning the steering wheel, the hook-hooks rise above the shoulder of the nozzle, the operator grabs the hooks, spreads them apart and removes the connecting head from the working area.

To test and select the best option for the bottom discharge system, ten sets were made with some differences in individual units and parts. The tests were carried out for a long period under operating conditions on the overpass of the discharge of fuels and lubricants at the territory of Barnaul Airport, which was closed to outsiders. The most convenient options were:
the design and layout of the connection head as described above;
using a plain bearing;
with a helm in the form of a rod (the handle clings to the surface, and the "steering wheel" gathers wet snow and ice);
without the use of wedge-shaped crackers for the removal of hooks-grips;
with a hinge on a support that allows you to remove the suspension system;
with horizontal arrangement of the lower rod of the hard bracket;
right-hinged boom hinge.

left-handed screw mechanism;
long boom 1850 mm, rigid bracket 1600 mm.

 All structural elements are made in place with the exception of an adjustable spring.

 The purpose of the invention, described in the section, is confirmed by the results of a pilot test, during which 8600 railway tanks or 520000 tons of oil products were drained.

Claims (1)

 A device for lower discharge of railway tanks containing a connecting head with a seat saddle and gripping hooks with a drive, characterized in that it is equipped with a rocker mounted for swinging to connect the gripping hooks with a drive made in the form of a screw mechanism, while the connecting head is made in the form cylinder, and the seat ring annular.

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