RU2092450C1 - Plant for deferrization of water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: plant contains water tower with stem and tank with roof; pipelines for supplying initial water and withdrawing treated water; aerator; pipeline for discharging sediments into sewage; and floating filter charges. Novelty consists in that, in order to ensure high quality of water purification from iron impurities by way of activating coagulation and catalysis processes, increasing water filtration rate, dirt capacity of filter, and filtration cycle duration, as well as reducing wash water consumption and increasing reliability of plant operation, the latter is provided with contact filter, located in top part of tower stem and made of coarse-grain floating charge retained by perforated partition and having drainage system; clarifying filter located in lower part of tower stem and made of fine-grain floating charge and having distribution system, middle, and lower drainage systems; aerator located under roof of tank and made in the form of perforated head. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of process. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to water supply, in particular to the treatment of water, its purification, removal of iron and manganese. It can be used in industrial and agricultural water supply systems.

A known installation that performs the removal of iron by simplified aeration with two-stage filtering, consisting of an aeration device, after which water enriched with atmospheric oxygen, under the pressure created by the pump, enters the contact filter, where iron compounds are separated on the grains of the filter charge. Then, the pre-purified water is fed into a clarification filter, in which it is completely cleaned of iron and from where it flows through the pipeline to the water tank and then to the consumer [1]
The disadvantage of this installation is the high capital and operating costs associated with the availability of expensive and metal-intensive equipment requiring qualified maintenance personnel.

The closest analogue in technical essence and achieved effect is a water deferrization plant, which consists of a water tower with pipelines for supplying the source and drainage of clean water, an aerator, a tank for aerated water with a vertical pipe attached to its lower part, a flocculation chamber, and a tank for collecting sludge with a pipeline for discharge of the latter into the sewer, a layer of a floating filtering load equipped with a retaining grid and placed in the upper part of the tower trunk [2]
A disadvantage of the known installation is the low efficiency due to the following factors: the slow flow of coagulation and catalysis processes in the flocculation chamber and the suspended sediment layer; the negative impact on these processes of air bubbles and carbon dioxide released from the water in the lower part of the tower barrel and airing the filter load; incomplete use of the dirt capacity of the filter load due to the placement of the smallest grains in its underlying layers and filtering from bottom to top; increased consumption of rinse water and a long rinse time. In addition, there is a danger of floating grains entering the water supply network in the event of a break in the retaining net.

 The objective of this technical solution is to create a plant that provides high quality water purification from iron impurities by activating the processes of coagulation and catalysis, lengthening the filter cycle, reducing the flow rate of washing water and washing time, increasing the reliability of the installation.

 According to the invention, the task is achieved in that the installation comprising a water tower with a barrel and a tank with a roof, pipelines for supplying the source and discharge of purified water, an aerator, a pipeline for discharging sludge into the sewers, floating filter loads, is equipped with a contact filter located in the upper part of the tower’s barrel, made of a coarse-grained floating load, held by a perforated partition and having a drainage system, a clarification filter located in the lower part of the tower’s barrel, made of a fine-grained floating load and having a distribution system, middle and lower drainage systems, an aerator placed under the roof of the tank and made in the form of an annular perforated nozzle.

 Equipping the installation with a contact filter makes it possible to intensify coagulation and catalysis processes, since small particles consisting of iron formations carry small electrostatic charges and adhere much more easily to larger loading grains than to each other, forming a catalytic film consisting of iron bacteria (living in groundwater and using divalent iron as a source of energy for their life, while oxidizing a large number of ferrous compounds) ions and oxides Vuh and ferric that adsorbs oxygen and divalent iron and desorbs water from oxidation products in the form of trivalent iron. Therefore, the effect of water purification in the granular layer is much higher than in the flocculation chamber and in the layer of suspended sediment.

 The use of an average drainage system eliminates the expansion of the floating load of the clarification filter when filtering from top to bottom due to the fact that the lower layer of the floating load, floating up under the action of the Archimedes force, keeps the load in a compressed state, preventing leaching of contaminants during sudden changes in operating conditions, which contributes to the highest quality water treatment from iron impurities.

 The use of a perforated partition, distribution and drainage systems increases the reliability of the installation, as it eliminates the ingress of grains of floating loads into the water supply network.

 The drawing shows a General view of the installation.

 The installation consists of a water tower with a barrel 1, a tank 2 having a roof 3, under which at the end of the source water supply pipe 4 having a valve 5 and passing through the barrel 1 and tank 2, an aerator 6 is placed. A contact filter is located in the upper part of the barrel 1 7, separated from the tank 2 by a perforated baffle 8, having a manhole 9. The contact filter 7, in turn, consists of a coarse-grained floating load 10 and a drainage system 11, covered with a layer of heavy load 12 and connected by means of a drainage discharge pipe 13 and a valve 14 with a pipe vodom 15 to reset the sludge in the sewage system.

 In the lower part of the barrel 1 there is a clarification filter 16, separated from the contact filter 7 by a baffle 17, consisting of a fine-grained floating load 18, in the upper layer of which a distribution system 19 is located, with the end of the nozzle 20 through which the contact filter 7 and the clarification filter 16 communicate. In the lower supporting layer of the floating fine-grained loading 18, an average drainage system 21 is placed, consisting of a collector 22 and a perforated shirt 23, between the inner wall of which and the outer walls Second collector 22 located coarse floating loading 10. The average drainage system 21 is connected to the conduit for removing the purified water 24 having a valve 25.

 In the lower part of the clarification filter 16 is located the lower drainage system 26, covered with a layer of heavy load 12 and connected through a valve 27 to a pipe 15 to discharge sludge into the sewer.

 Installation works as follows. The source water from an underground source through pipeline 4 enters the aerator 6, through which it is dissected into jets and sprayed from a height of at least 0.5 m to the water level in tank 2, it is saturated with oxygen in the amount sufficient to clean iron from the method of simplified aeration with two-stage filtering. From tank 2, water flows through a perforated baffle 8 to a coarse-grained floating charge 10 of a contact filter 7, when filtered through which a catalytic film is formed on the surface of grains, consisting of iron bacteria in groundwater, ions and oxides of ferrous and ferric iron, which can actively intensify the processes oxidation and release of iron from water, while working in the autocatalytic mode, continuously updated as a catalyst directly during the operation of the filter. Water passing through a coarse-grained floating charge 10, coated with a layer of catalytic film, is preliminarily purified from iron and through the nozzles 20 it enters the distribution system 19 of the clarification filter 16. Evenly distributed over the fine-grained floating charge 18, the water is finally cleaned of iron and collected by the middle drainage system 21 and the pipeline 24 is supplied to the consumer. In this case, the valves: 5; 25 are open, and valves 14 and 27 are closed.

 To flush the contact filter 7, it is necessary that the valves 25, 27 are closed and the valve 14 is open. The accumulated sludge is removed through the drainage system 11 of the contact filter 7 through the outlet pipe of the sludge 13 and the pipe 15 into the sewer.

 To flush the clarification filter 16, it is necessary to close the valves 14 and 25 and open the valve 27. The flushing water from the tank 2 passes through the contact filter 7, the distribution system 19 of the clarification filter 16, leaches the contaminants from the fine-grained floating charge 18 and through the lower drainage system 26 through the pipeline 15 together with the mud is discharged into the sewer.

 The washing quality is ensured due to the ability of the drainage system 11 of the contact filter 7 and the lower drainage system 26 of the clarification filter 16 to pass large amounts of water, as a result of which the floating loads 10 and 18 expand, which allows you to effectively remove accumulated contaminants.

This installation for deferrization of water has the following advantages over the well-known:
ease of manufacture and maintenance;
low material consumption and laboriousness;
lack of washing pumps, blowers, reagent facilities;
low rinsing water consumption and rinsing time;
the use of a two-stage filtering scheme allows one to significantly intensify the processes of coagulation and catalysis in filter media, as a result of which high filtering rates and plant performance are possible;
when filtering from top to bottom, the dirt capacity of the loads is used to the fullest, since the largest grains are located in their upper layers, and the use of an average drainage system eliminates the possibility of expanding the fine-grained floating load and breaking the sediment into the water supply network in this direction of water movement.

 the absence of holding grids significantly increases the reliability of the installation.

Claims (1)

 Installation for iron removal of water, containing a water tower with a barrel and a tank, pipelines for supplying the source and discharge of purified water, an aerator, a pipeline for discharging sludge into the sewer, a clarification filter consisting of a floating load, characterized in that it is equipped with a contact filter placed in the upper part of the tower barrel and consisting of a coarse-grained floating load held by a perforated partition and having a drainage system, a clarification filter is located in the lower part of the tower barrel and bzhen distribution system, middle and lower drainage systems, wherein the refining chamber loading filter made of fine-grained, aerator placed under Kryzhi water tower tank and is designed as a perforated nozzle.