RU2091705C1 - Method determining misalignment and mismatch angle between axis of rotation of platform and axis of translation of measurement head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement technology, determination of misalignment of axes in measuring installations. SUBSTANCE: in agreement with method determining misalignment and mismatch angle between axis of rotation of platform and axis of translation of measurement head platform with part mounted on axis is rotated, measurement head is moved, distance from axis of translation of measurement head to points of surface of part and translations of measurement head proper are measured. Misalignment of regular parallelepiped with base "a" rigidly placed on platform is used in the capacity of part. Two values Hi of translation of measurement head are formed, where i=1,2, each corresponding to proper angle Li of turn of platform at which value R_1i of distance from axis of measurement head to side surface of standard is minimal. Then distances R_2i, R_3i and R_4i are recorded correspondingly with turn of platform through angles α_i+β, α_i+ 180⁰ and α_i+ β + 180⁰. Angle β is in this case less than 45 deg. Value of misalignment and mismatch angle between axis of rotation of platform and axis of translation of measurement head is judged by components of these values. EFFECT: increased precision and authenticity of method. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to measuring equipment, in particular to a technique for determining the displacement between the axes in measuring installations.

 A known method for determining the angle of mismatch between the axis of rotation of the platform and the axis of movement of the measuring head, including measuring the coordinates of the measuring head relative to the base surface using special (additional) tools and determining the offset and angle of error according to the measurement results (Bodner V.A. Alferov A.V. Measuring Instruments, Standards Publishing House, 1986, p. 100, Fig. 5, 4).

 The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of determining (additional construction) of the base surface, which uniquely characterizes the position of the measuring head relative to this surface with a given accuracy, as well as the need to use additional measuring equipment.

 The closest technical solution is a method for determining the displacement and the angle of mismatch, including measuring the distance R from the axis of movement of the measuring head to the surface points and the displacement H of the measuring head, and minimizing it by adjusting the displacement and components of the mismatch angle according to the measurement results (USSR patent N 1718735, C 01 B 7/28, 1992).

 The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its implementation due to the need to design a regulatory device that allows you to change the spatial axis of the sensitivity axis of the measuring head, while due to this device, the accuracy of the measurement is impaired.

 The technical task of the invention is the simplification of implementation due to the lack of the need for adjustment and increased accuracy.

и составляющие v_k и Φ_y угла рассогласования в виде:

а текущие значения Δx и Δy для произвольной высоты H определяют в виде,
Δx = Δx_о+ H•tgΦ_x , Δy = Δy_о+ HtgΦ_y
На фиг. 1 представлена схема расположения осей измерения и перемещения измерительной головки и системы координат. На этой схеме X, Y, H базовая (исходная) система координат (базис I), L₁ ось вращения платформы (совпадает с осью ОН), L₂ ось перемещения измерительной головки, X₂, Y₂, H₂ система координат (базис II), связанная с измерительной головкой. H₂ совпадает с осью L₂, X₂ перпендикулярна H₂ и совпадает с направлением измерения, Y₂ перпендикулярна плоскости H₂O₂X₂, O₂ начало координат в базисе II точка пересечения оси L₂ с плоскостью XOY, Φ_y угол между осью L₂ и плоскостью YOH, Φ_x угол между осью L₂ и плоскостью XOH, Δx_о, Δy_о- координаты точки O₂ в базисе I (начальное смещение оси L₂).The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of displacement and the angle of mismatch between the axis of rotation of the platform and the axis of movement of the measuring head, which consists in rotating the platform with the component installed on it, moving the measuring head, measuring the distance from the axis of movement of the measuring head to surface points parts and displacements of the measuring head itself, according to the data obtained, the displacement and the angle of mismatch are determined, according to the invention, a standard in e right parallelepiped with sides of the base "a", is rigidly mounted on the platform, form two values of the measuring head H _i, where i 1,2, each to the corresponding angle of rotation α _i platform, where the value R _1i distance from the axis to the measuring head the side surface of the standard is minimal, then the distances R _2i , R _3i and R _4i are fixed, respectively, when the platform is rotated by the angles α _i + β, α _i +180 ^° and α _i + β + 180 ^° , while the angle β is chosen less than 45 ^o , the magnitude of the displacement and the angle of error between the axis of rotation of the plateau Rma and the axis of movement of the measuring head is judged by the components of these values from the dependencies:

and components v _k and Φ _{y of} the mismatch angle in the form:

and the current values of Δx and Δy for an arbitrary height H are determined as
Δx = Δx _о + H • tgΦ _x , Δy = Δy _о + HtgΦ _y
In FIG. 1 shows a layout of the axes of measurement and movement of the measuring head and coordinate system. In this diagram, X, Y, H is the basic (initial) coordinate system (basis I), L ₁ axis of rotation of the platform (coincides with the axis ОН), L ₂ axis of movement of the measuring head, X ₂ , Y ₂ , H ₂ coordinate system (basis Ii) associated with the measuring head. H ₂ coincides with the axis L ₂ , X _{2 is} perpendicular to H ₂ and coincides with the direction of measurement, Y _{2 is} perpendicular to the plane H ₂ O ₂ X ₂ , O ₂ origin of coordinates in basis II, the point of intersection of the axis L ₂ with the plane XOY, Φ _{y the} angle between the L ₂ axis and the YOH plane, Φ _{x the} angle between the L ₂ axis and the XOH plane, Δx _о , Δy _о are the coordinates of the point O ₂ in basis I (the initial displacement of the L ₂ axis).

 Figure 2 shows a diagram of the measurement.

 In FIG. 3 shows an example of an installation for which the proposed method is applicable. Here I is a measuring head moving in the vertical direction, 2 a rotating platform, 3 a standard mounted on the platform.

In FIG. 4 shows a measurement diagram for a fixed value of the height of the measuring head. It takes into account the possible mismatch of the axes of the standard and the platform. The axis of the platform passes through point O, the axis of the measuring head passes through point O ₁ , the axis of the reference, when measuring, sequentially passes through points S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ . The standard in cross section with a horizontal plane thus forms squares A _j B _j C _j D _j with side "a". The measurement direction coincides with the X axis, the coordinates of the point O ₁ are Δx _i and Δy _i . The measured distances R _ji O ₁ M _j at j 1-4.

Consider the process of determining the coordinates Δx and Δy of the displacement of the axis of movement of the measuring head L ₂ in the basis I. Let the standard 3 be installed on the rotating platform 2 in the form of a regular parallelepiped with side "a" and the axis of symmetry coinciding with the axis of rotation of the platform L.

It is believed that the measuring head measures from points located on line L ₂ to points on the surface of the reference in the direction of the OX axis.

From the starting position, turn on the engine and fix the minimum of the measured distances R ₁₁ with some movement of the measuring head 1 H ₁ (Fig. 3). Let this position correspond to the rotation angle α _i of the platform 2. Turn the platform 2 from this position by an angle β <45 ^o and fix the distance R ₂₁ to the surface of the standard. We bring the platform 2 to the position corresponding to the rotation angle α _i + 180 ^° and fix the distance R ₃₁ to the surface of the standard. We bring the platform 2 to the position corresponding to the rotation angle α _i + β + 180 ^o and fix the distance R ₄₁ to the surface of the standard (Fig. 2). The angle β is chosen less than 45 ^o so that the fixed distance R ₂₁ refers to the same lateral face of the box as the fixed distance R ₁₁ , and R ₄₁ to the same face as R ₃₁ .

расстояние от точки S₂ до отрезка

, расстояние от точки S₃ до отрезка

, расстояние от точки S₄ до отрезка

(фиг.4). Для обоснования приведенных формул сначала докажем:

Если обозначить расстояние между параллельными отрезками [A₁B₁] и

и учесть что S_j центр квадрата A_jB_jC_jD_j, то:

Аналогично доказывается 2.Denote the distance from point S ₁ to the segment

distance from point S ₂ to the segment

, the distance from point S ₃ to the segment

, the distance from point S ₄ to the segment

(figure 4). To justify the above formulas, we first prove:

If we denote the distance between parallel segments [A ₁ B ₁ ] and

and take into account that S _{j is the} center of the square A _j B _j C _j D _j , then:

Similarly, 2 is proved.

Для получения текущих значений координат смещения Δx и Δy от перемещения измерительной головки H определяем значение Δx_о и Δy_о в плоскости XOY (при H 0), а также значения углов Φ_x и Φ_y (фиг.1). Это легко сделать методом решения подобных треугольников.Let us denote the distance from point O ₁ to the segment [A ₁ B ₁ ] L ₁ , to the segment [A ₂ B ₂ ] L ₂ , to the segment [C ₃ D ₃ ] L ₃ , to the segment [C ₄ D ₄ ] L ₄
From the formulas I and 2 and due to the fact that O _{1 the} center of the segments [S ₁ S ₃ ] and [S ₂ S ₄ ] it follows that:

To obtain the current values of the coordinates of the displacement Δx and Δy from the displacement of the measuring head H, we determine the value Δx _о and Δy _о in the XOY plane (at H 0), as well as the values of the angles Φ _x and Φ _y (Fig. 1). This is easily done by solving similar triangles.

тогда текущие значения Δx и Δy будут равны
Δx = Δx_о+ H•tgΦ_x, Δy = Δy_о+ H•tgΦ_y
Способ определения составляющих смещения Δx_о и Δy_о и составляющих Φ_x и Φ_y угла рассогласования между осью вращения платформы и осью перемещения измерительной головки позволяет исключить операции регулировки (сведение к нулю составляющих Δx и Δy смещения и составляющих Φ_x и Φ_y угла), что существенно упрощает конструкцию измерительной установки и позволяет повысить точность измерения. Например, при Φ_x= Φ_y 0,05^o, Δx = Δy = 0,2мм 0,2 мм (возможные пределы регулировки при использовании известной измерительной установки и способа) погрешность измерения расстояний ΔR при измеряемых расстояниях R 200 мм и H 300 мм равно 0,7 мм.

then the current values of Δx and Δy will be equal
Δx = Δx _о + H • tgΦ _x , Δy = Δy _о + H • tgΦ _y
The method for determining the components of the displacement Δx _о and Δy _о and the components Φ _x and Φ _{y of} the mismatch angle between the axis of rotation of the platform and the axis of movement of the measuring head eliminates the adjustment operations (reducing to zero components Δx and Δy of the displacement and components Φ _x and Φ _{y of the} angle), which greatly simplifies the design of the measuring installation and improves the accuracy of measurement. For example, with Φ _x = Φ _y 0.05 ^o , Δx = Δy = 0.2 mm 0.2 mm (possible adjustment limits using a known measuring system and method), the error in measuring distances ΔR at measured distances R 200 mm and H 300 mm equal to 0.7 mm.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the displacement and the angle of mismatch between the axis of rotation of the platform and the axis of movement of the measuring head, which consists in rotating the platform with the component mounted on it, moving the measuring head, measuring the distances from the axis of movement of the measuring head to the points of the surface of the part and the movement of the measuring head itself , according to the data obtained, the displacement and the angle of mismatch are determined, characterized in that the standard in the form of a regular parallelepiped with the side of the base "a", rigidly mounted on the platform, form two values of the displacement of the measuring head H _i , where i 1, 2, each for the corresponding angle of rotation of the platform α _i , at which the value R _{1 i of the} distance from the axis of the measuring head to the side surface of the standard minimum, then fix the distance R _{2 i} , R _{3 i} and R _{4 i,} respectively, when the platform is rotated by the angles α _i + β, α _i +180 ^° and α _i + β + 180 ^° , while the angle β is chosen less than 45 ^o , on the magnitude of the displacement and the angle of error between the axis of rotation of the platform and the axis of movement of the meter the head are judged by the components of these quantities, and the components of the displacement DX _o , ΔX _i and ΔY _o , ΔY _i and the components Φ _x and Φ _{y of} the mismatch angle are determined from the dependencies

in

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