RU209044U1 - Floating device for introduction of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into natural and artificial reservoirs - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture and water management, can be used to service natural and artificial water bodies, in particular for highly productive breeding and cultivation of aquaculture. between each other by a deck equipped with a towing device in the bow, a frame placed on the deck, a container equipped with mixing, draining and outlet devices, a power supply system including an energy accumulator. The power supply system additionally includes a solar battery connected to the energy storage by a charge controller. The frame is made in the form of a truncated pyramid, on the upper base of which a solar battery is mounted, and on the ribs of the lower base there is a support, including racks and a ring into which a container is immersed, equipped with signaling level gauges. The mixing device is equipped with a gear motor, and the drain device is equipped with a valve and a solenoid valve with a turn-on delay relay, and the gear motor and solenoid valve with a turn-on delay relay are connected by a multi-channel relay radio module and controlled by a remote control. The outlet device is located below the deck and includes a cylindrical pipe, on the generatrix of which a divider is located, and a restrictive ring is installed in the lower base, and an outlet L-shaped tube connected to the drain device by means of a flexible hose, mounted on a float placed in the cylindrical pipe with the possibility of vertical movement. The container is made of cylindrical-conical shape with an upper diameter larger than the diameter of the ring, and a volume of at least 100 liters. The container is made of UV-resistant plastic with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm. vulgaris in natural and artificial water bodies using autonomous renewable energy sources that provide efficient maintenance of these water bodies due to the mobility and controllability of the watercraft while saving energy resources.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture and water management, can be used to maintain natural and artificial reservoirs, in particular for highly productive breeding and cultivation of aquaculture.

Known floating craft containing pontoons with nose fairings, rigidly interconnected deck to accommodate the crew, cargo and propeller, as well as other structural elements not related to the claimed technical solution [1].

Known watercraft refers to tourist, recreational, sports motor or sailing type catamarans, but is not structurally adapted for transporting a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris, remote control using autonomous sources of renewable energy, the process of introducing microalgae into water bodies.

A watercraft for servicing reservoirs is known, containing a body equipped in the bow with a towing device, a container for alkaline substances, distributing nozzles for spraying a suspension over the water surface, and other structural elements not related to the claimed technical solution [2].

Known watercraft is not structurally suitable for transporting a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris, remote control of the process using autonomous sources of renewable energy for the introduction of microalgae into water bodies. Also, the known watercraft has a high material consumption, in particular, the empty weight is from 12 to 20 tons, which is unacceptable for serving small reservoirs due to the high resource costs associated with the transportation and maintenance of the watercraft itself.

Known watercraft for servicing reservoirs, containing a body on which a container for bulk product is mounted with an unloading device installed at the outlet, and under it there is a mixing container with a hole for passing outboard water, as well as other structural elements not related to the claimed technical solution [3 ].

Known watercraft is not structurally suitable for transporting a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris, remote control of the process using autonomous sources of renewable energy for the introduction of microalgae into water bodies. Also known watercraft is large, which is unacceptable for serving small reservoirs due to the high cost of resources associated with the transportation and maintenance of the watercraft itself.

The closest technical solution to the claimed device and adopted as a prototype is a watercraft for servicing reservoirs, containing a body, including pontoons with nose fairings, rigidly interconnected by a bulk product container, in the bottom of which outlet holes are formed on both sides, a liquid product container equipped with a mixing and exhaust devices, as well as other structural elements not related to the claimed technical solution [4].

The disadvantages of the known watercraft for servicing water bodies include the complexity of the implementation and mechanical regulation of the processes of fodder preparation and clod distribution with the direct participation of the operator, the lack of a remote control system for these processes using autonomous sources of renewable energy, as a result, the low controllability of the watercraft and the efficiency of its operation. Also, the known watercraft is not suitable for transporting a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris and introducing microalgae into water bodies.

The task to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of servicing natural and artificial reservoirs, in particular, improve their environmental performance and increase the productivity of aquaculture.

The result of the proposed technical solution is the creation of a small-sized floating craft with remote control of the process of introducing Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into natural and artificial reservoirs using autonomous renewable energy sources that provide efficient maintenance of these reservoirs due to the mobility and controllability of the craft while saving energy resources.

The set technical result is achieved by a watercraft for introducing Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into natural and artificial reservoirs. The floating craft comprises a hull, including pontoons with nose fairings, rigidly connected to each other by a deck equipped with a towing device in the bow, a frame placed on the deck, a container equipped with mixing, draining and exhaust devices, a power supply system, including an energy accumulator. Moreover, the power supply system additionally includes a solar battery connected to the energy storage by a charge controller. The frame is made in the form of a truncated pyramid, on the upper base of which a solar battery is mounted, and on the ribs of the lower base there is a support, including racks and a ring into which a container is immersed, equipped with signaling level gauges. The mixing device is equipped with a gear motor, and the drain device is equipped with a valve and a solenoid valve with a turn-on delay relay, moreover, the gear motor and the solenoid valve with a turn-on delay relay are connected by a multi-channel relay radio module and controlled by a remote control. The outlet device is located below the deck and includes a cylindrical pipe, on the generatrix of which a divider is located, and a restrictive ring is installed in the lower base, and an outlet L-shaped tube connected to the drain device by means of a flexible hose, mounted on a float placed in the cylindrical pipe with the possibility of vertical movement.

The container is cylindrical-conical with an upper diameter larger than the ring diameter and a volume of at least 100 liters.

The container is made of UV-resistant plastic with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm.

The implementation of a solar battery, for example DELTA SM 100-12P, and an energy storage device, for example DELTA DT 1218, in connection with a charge controller, for example DELTA PWM 2410, provides:

- recharging the energy accumulator from a solar battery with a power of up to 150 W at 12 V and up to 300 W at 24 V, and the selection of the battery circuit voltage of 12 V or 24 V occurs automatically upon connection;

- autonomous power supply of the control system for the process of introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris into the reservoir.

The execution of the frame in the form of a truncated pyramid, on the upper base of which a solar battery is mounted, and on the ribs of the lower base there is a support, including racks and a ring in which the container is immersed, ensures the stability of the watercraft from capsizing under wind load even in the most adverse conditions, namely lateral wind and empty tank.

Equipping the tank with signaling level gauges allows you to control the level of Chlorella vulgaris suspension in the tank and timely notify the operator with a light indication and a sound signal about emptying the tank in the process of introducing microalgae into natural and artificial reservoirs. As a light indication and a sound signal, for example, a lamp and a howler (car signal) for 12 V can be used. light and sound alarms. Placement of light indication and sound signal for the proposed technical solution is not of fundamental importance. For example, it can be placed on a frame, in particular on the upper base of a truncated pyramid, where a solar battery is mounted.

The supply of a mixing device with a motor-reducer, for example, SOATE 85.3730-01, provides mechanized and uniform mixing of the Chlorella vulgaris suspension in a container without any manual labor costs. The rotational speed of the mixing device is determined by the type of this device and the power of the gear motor. Taking into account the experience of growing microalgae, designs of standard submersible mixers and types of motor-reducers for the claimed technical solution, the optimal mixing speed will be 20...30 rpm.

Equipping the drain device with a valve, for example d16, is necessary to control the rate of flow (flow) of the Chlorella vulgaris suspension from the tank. At the same time, the opening value of the valve valve on the drain device is set empirically, depending on the speed and trajectory of the movement of the watercraft when servicing the reservoir.

Supplying the drain device with a solenoid valve, for example AR-2K21_DN 15, with a switch-on delay relay, for example NE555, allows you to set a time interval, for example 10 seconds, from the start of the agitator to the opening of the solenoid valve of the drain device. Thus, the process of introducing microalgae Chlorella vulgaris begins only when the microalgae is evenly distributed in the tank by a mixing device. Otherwise, in the absence of a turn-on delay relay, the introduction of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into the reservoir will be uneven and ineffective due to different concentrations of microalgae cells in the tank with a tendency to increase in height from top to bottom.

The implementation of a motor-reducer and an electromagnetic valve with a turn-on delay relay in connection with a multi-channel relay radio module and a remote control allows you to control and regulate at a distance of up to 100 meters the process of introducing Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into a reservoir.

The implementation of the outlet device under the deck is due to the need for the introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris into the upper layer of the reservoir (littoral).

The execution of the outlet device, which includes a cylindrical pipe, in the lower base of which a restrictive ring is installed, and an outlet L-shaped tube connected to the drain device by means of a flexible hose, mounted on a float placed in a cylindrical pipe with the possibility of vertical movement, is necessary to transfer the outlet device from transport position to working position and vice versa. In particular, in the transport position, the restrictive ring is removed, the outlet L-shaped tube is pushed inside the cylindrical pipe by means of a flexible hose and a float freely moving vertically, and the cylindrical pipe itself is closed with a plug. In the working position, the plug is removed, a restrictive ring is placed, and stabilization of the immersion level of the cut of the outlet L-shaped tube is provided by a flexible hose mounted on a float placed in a cylindrical pipe with the possibility of vertical movement.

Placing a splitter on the generatrix of a cylindrical pipe is necessary to reduce the drag of the exhaust device.

Execution of the container cylindrical-conical shape with an upper diameter larger than the diameter of the ring, respectively, eliminates stagnant zones in the container and contributes to the stable outflow of the Chlorella vulgaris suspension, and also ensures the stability and rigidity of the container in the support.

Execution capacity of at least 100 liters ensures the introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris on the area of 10,000 m ^{2 of} the water table, which is sufficient to serve small reservoirs.

The manufacture of the container from UV-resistant plastic with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm reduces temperature fluctuations and, accordingly, reduces the formation of condensate in the container, eliminates its deformation, overheating of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris.

The floating facility for the introduction of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris can be used for the introduction of other microalgae, for example, those belonging to the subclass Chlorophyta.

The drawings show a watercraft for introducing Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into natural and artificial reservoirs, where in Fig. 1 is a general view, in Fig. 2 is a general section, in Fig. 3 - drain device, in Fig. 4 - outlet device, fig. 5 - placement of light indication and sound signal.

The floating craft contains a body, including pontoons with nose fairings 1, rigidly interconnected by a deck 2, equipped with a towing device 3 in the bow, a frame 4 placed on the deck, a container 5 equipped with a mixing device 6, drain 7 and outlet 8 devices, power supply system, including an energy accumulator 9. Moreover, the power supply system additionally includes a solar battery 10 connected to the energy accumulator by a charge controller 11. The frame is made in the form of a truncated pyramid, on the upper base 12 of which a solar battery is mounted, and on the ribs of the lower base 13 there is a support, including racks 14 and a ring 15 in which a container equipped with signaling level gauges 16 is immersed. m relay radio module 20 and are controlled by a remote control. The outlet device is located below the deck and includes a cylindrical pipe 21, on the generatrix of which a divider 22 is located, and a restrictive ring 23 is installed in the lower base, and an outlet L-shaped tube 24 connected to the drain device by means of a flexible hose 25, mounted on a float 26 placed in a cylindrical tube with the possibility of vertical movement.

Watercraft for the introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in natural and artificial reservoirs works as follows.

Before launching the water craft, the drain 7 device and the outlet 8 device, located below deck 2, are transferred to the working position. To do this, on the drain 7 device, the valve 18 sets the required flow rate of the Chlorella vulgaris suspension from the tank 5. On the outlet 8 device, a plug is removed from the lower base of the cylindrical pipe 21 (used during transportation and storage of the craft, not shown in the figure) and a restrictive ring 23 is installed. At the same time, stabilization of the level of immersion of the cut of the outlet L-shaped tube 24 is provided by a flexible hose 25 mounted on a float 26 placed in a cylindrical pipe 21 with the possibility of vertical movement.

After launching the craft into the water, container 5 is filled with a suspension of Chlorella vulgaris through the loading port or filler neck (depending on the design of the container). Further, with the help of the towing device 3, the craft is towed by a motorboat or boat along a serviced reservoir.

To implement the process of introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, the operator on the towing vessel sends a radio signal to the multichannel relay radio module 20 using the remote control. The alarm circuits are powered on.

At the same time, voltage is supplied to the solenoid valve from the turn-on delay relay 19, which, after a predetermined time interval, for example 10 seconds, opens the solenoid valve. Microalgae, evenly mixed, from the tank 5 flows by gravity through the drain 7 device into the outlet 8 device, flowing down the flexible hose 25 and L-shaped tube 24, settles into the serviced reservoir. To reduce the drag of the cylindrical pipe 21, a divider 22 is placed on its generatrix.

Upon reaching a 30% level of Chlorella vulgaris suspension in container 5, a light 27 alarm is triggered; when the minimum level of Chlorella vulgaris suspension in container 5 is reached, light 27 and sound 28 alarms are triggered. The operator on the towing vessel sends a radio signal to the multi-channel relay radio module 20 with a remote control. The contacts on the relay are broken, the voltage supply to the motor-reducer 17 is stopped, the mixing device 6 stops, and the electromagnetic valve with the turn-on delay relay 19 closes. The alarm circuits are also powered off.

For transportation, launching and temporary storage of watercraft, a boat trailer for small boats is used.

The effectiveness of maintenance of natural and artificial water bodies during the introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is confirmed by the results of a study of environmental indicators of water and aquaculture productivity, shown in tables 1 and 2.

Thus, the proposed watercraft achieves remote control of the process of introduction of Chlorella vulgaris into natural and artificial water bodies using autonomous renewable energy sources that provide efficient maintenance of these water bodies due to the mobility and controllability of the watercraft while saving energy.

Bibliography

[1] Patent No. 99763 RF, IPC V63V 7/08. Floating facility of catamaran type / N.K. Konoplyantsev. Published 11/27/2010.

[2] Patent No. 98391 RF, IPC V63V 35/34, V63V 35/44. Vehicle for introducing alkaline solutions into reservoirs / G. Scholz, V. Rabe, X. Pust, X. Saure. Published 10/20/2010.

[3] Copyright certificate No. 410747 USSR, IPC A01K 61/00. Device for introducing substances into water bodies / P.P. Isaev, E.Ya. Antonovsky, B.A. Lubyansky, Ya.I. Sitnyakovsky. Published 01/15/1974.

[4] Patent No. 2033714 RF, IPC A01K 61/00, A01K 61/02. Device for servicing fish ponds / V.P. Maksimov, A.F. Sovkov, V.I. Zdobnov. Published 04/30/1995.

[5] Modern biotechnology of irrigation water reclamation for precision farming, contributing to an increase in the productivity of agricultural crops / A.E. Novikov, K.A. Rodin, M.V. Moskovets, A.Yu. Toropov // Irrigated agriculture. 2021. №1. pp. 11-14.

[6] The use of chlorella feed additive in the cultivation of sterlet in pond farms / M.V. Frolova, M.V. Moskovets, A.Yu. Toropov // Irrigated agriculture. 2020. №3. pp. 54-57.

Claims (3)

1. Floating facility for introduction of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae into natural and artificial reservoirs, containing a hull, including pontoons with nose fairings, rigidly connected to each other by a deck equipped with a towing device in the bow, a frame placed on the deck, a tank equipped with mixing, draining and discharging devices, a power supply system including an energy accumulator, characterized in that the power supply system additionally includes a solar battery connected to the energy accumulator by a charge controller, the frame is made in the form of a truncated pyramid, on the upper base of which the solar battery is mounted, and a support is placed on the ribs of the lower base, including racks and a ring in which a container is immersed, equipped with signaling level gauges, the mixing device is equipped with a gear motor, and the drain device is equipped with a valve and an electromagnetic valve with a delay switch-on relay, moreover, the gear motor and electromagnetic th valve with a turn-on delay relay are connected by a multi-channel relay radio module and controlled by a remote control, the outlet is located below the deck and includes a cylindrical pipe, on the generatrix of which a divider is located, and a restrictive ring is installed in the lower base, and an outlet L-shaped tube connected to the drain device by means of a flexible hose, mounted on a float placed in a cylindrical pipe with the possibility of vertical movement. 2. Floating device for introducing microalgae Chlorella vulgaris into natural and artificial reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that the container is made of a cylindrical-conical shape with an upper diameter greater than the diameter of the ring, and a volume of at least 100 liters. 3. Watercraft for the introduction of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris into natural and artificial reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that the container is made of UV-resistant plastic with a wall thickness of at least 4 mm.

Images