RU20878U1 - LAYERED PLATE - Google Patents

Description

200iliS2: t5

Laminated plate

B 32 B21 / 04

The utility model relates to the field of construction and more specifically to the laminate boards used in construction, intended for the manufacture of building envelopes, partitions, panels for cladding walls, ceilings, for the manufacture of furniture, etc.

Wood boards are widely known, in particular plywood boards, consisting of several layers of peeled veneer glued together with synthetic glue (see, for example, Structures made of wood and plastic, under the editorship of G. G. Karlsen, M., Stroyizdat, 1975, p. 44-46). Plywood is characterized by high strength properties, low weight (it is 4 times lighter than aluminum), low heat and sound conductivity, water resistance in the manufacture of waterproof adhesives.

However, plywood, like all wood-based materials, has inherent flammability and low fire resistance.

Fire resistance is understood to mean the ability of structures to permanently maintain specified operational qualities in a fire condition: to bear the rated load and to protect the slurry; from flame penetration. Quantitatively, the fire resistance is estimated by the time during which the design does not lose its performance. The decrease in the bearing capacity of the elements of wooden structures under the influence of fire is a consequence of the charring of the upper layer of wood and the weakening of the underlying layer as a result of heating and moistening of wood.

It is known that to increase fire resistance, wood is impregnated with flame retardants, which reduces the calorific value of wood by more than 15 times and thereby almost half the loss of wood ability to burn on its own (patent RU No. 2049673, 1994). However, the impregnation of wood with aqueous solutions of ammonium salts (flame retardants) leads to an increase in its density and hygroscopicity, a decrease in strength characteristics and complication of the mechanical processing of wooden products and blanks.

It is also known to manufacture plywood boards with heat-insulating (mineral wool) and facing (asbestos) coatings, which provides increased fire resistance, but leads to a decrease in the technological and strength properties of plywood boards. (See the book Constructions made of wood and plastic, edited by G. G. Carlsen, M, Stroyizdat, 1975, pp. 66-70).

The technical result that can be obtained using the claimed utility model is to increase

fire resistance of laminated boards based on plywood, while maintaining their strength, technological and decorative properties.

To achieve this result, in a laminated plate containing at least one layer of plywood with a thermal insulation coating, it is proposed that the thermal insulation coating be made of basalt fabric.

In addition, the laminated board can be made of two layers of plywood, covered on all sides with a basalt fabric, with an outer lining with decorative plastic.

A possible constructive implementation of the proposed utility model is presented in the proposed drawings.

The figure 1 presents a cross section of a laminated plate containing two layers of plywood.

The figure 2 shows a cross section of the second variant of a layered plate with three layers of plywood.

A laminated board can be made with a different number of layers of plywood. The figure 1 shows the implementation of a laminated plate of two layers of plywood 1 with layers of basalt fabric 2 located between them and outside them. The laminated plate can be lined with decorative plastic 3.

In another embodiment (FIG. 2), the laminated plate also contains two layers of plywood 1, covered with basalt fabric 2, an additional layer of plywood 4 located with a gap, also covered with basalt fabric 2 and installed through the gaskets 6, located with a gap, while the laminated plate can also be lined with decorative plastics 3 and 5 from the outside.

The proposed laminated plate can be made by any known method (by hot sludge cold pressing) using known adhesive compositions.

As plywood 1 can also be used with any grade of various thicknesses depending on the purpose of the laminated board. Thus, for example, the laminate plate of FIG. 1 is made of sheets of plywood 1 grade ФК-15 GOST 3916-1-96 coated with basalt fabric of type 2 ТБК-100 ТУ 5952-027-0024949-95 with decorative plastic lining of type 3 “Manminit TU 400-1-18-89.

For an additional layer of plywood 4 (figure 2), FC-10 plywood can be used, and for decorative coating 5 - HPL 810/6 paper laminate.

Using the proposed utility model, it is possible to obtain laminated slabs of increased fire resistance, which do not emit toxic gases at high temperature, are easily processed and have good decorative properties, which can be widely used, in particular, for interior decoration of railway cars of increased comfort.

Claims (3)

1. A laminated plate containing at least one layer of plywood with a heat-insulating coating, characterized in that the heat-insulating coating is made of basalt fabric.  2. A laminated plate according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an additional plywood layer located with a gap, covered with a basalt fabric and installed through the gaskets. 3. A laminated plate according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is lined with decorative plastic on the outside.