RU2086785C1 - Rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of engines. SUBSTANCE: engine comprises rotor-capstan with center of rotation located above center of mass; rotor is provided with spokes with piston-carriages made in the form of balls and technological machines. Housing includes expansion chambers made in the form of segments of torus working on gaseous and chemical fuels. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to internal combustion engines operating on gases and chemical fuels.

 The proposed internal combustion engine will be widely used in the national economy, transport, aviation and space.

 A device is known (US patent N 2985154, 1961), which is a rotary internal combustion engine to provide high performance at both high and low speeds, with low back pressure on the exhaust, which can be made in any size, suitable for any situation .

However, this prototype has a number of disadvantages:
the rotor is mounted on a horizontal shaft, which causes a negative effect of gravity;
arrangement of pistons in the form of rollers in combination with two chambers: a compression chamber and an expansion chamber located independently around the circumference of the stator, which during operation causes the rotor's center of gravity to shift from the axis of rotation, thereby disrupting the balancing of the rotor, causing runout and premature wear;
with a sequential arrangement of the compression and expansion chambers of the prototype around the stator circumference, the time period of one revolution of the rotor rotation is inefficiently used, the piston produces only one working cycle per revolution, the orbit of the piston-rollers is irrationally used;
does not have the ability to store rational centrifugal potential energy;
in the prototype pistons having the form of rollers, the lateral surface of the cylinder volume is irrationally used;
the rotor masses are irrationally distributed relative to its axis of rotation.

 The technical result is to reduce wear and increase the dynamic qualities of the engine.

Achieving this result is carried out by the following means:
to reduce the influence of gravitational forces, the rotor of the engine of the invention is mounted on a vertical shaft;
for high-quality balancing and good balance of the rotor, the pistons-carriages are movably mounted on symmetrically located guide spokes of the rotor-gate;
parallel located compression and expansion chambers for the same period of time in comparison with the prototype produce a greater number of duty cycles, which gives the engine an additional quality of dynamism;
symmetrically, around the stator, the recesses of the expansion chambers in the form of torus segments located allow the engine of the invention to generate large centrifugal potential energy;
for the rational use of thermal energy of the working fluid, the rotor pistons have the shape of a ball in the form of a carriage crawling back and forth along the guide pin of the rotor gate of the engine of the invention;
to increase the angular velocity of rotation of the rotor, the rotor is given a shape that redistributes the mass of the rotor of the rotor relative to the axis of rotation due to the fact that its rotation center is above the center of gravity.

 These qualitative changes of the prototype allow us to solve the problem.

 The following embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. eighteen.

 In FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section of the engine; in FIG. 2 - a carriage-piston having the shape of a ball, an internal cylindrical hole slide-movably mounted on the guide spoke of the rotor-gate; in FIG. 3 view of the carriage from the end of the spoke; in FIG. 4 section of the device of the compression machine, changing the properties of the fuel; in FIG. 5 vertical section of the engine; in FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a carriage and a machine mounted on a spoke 6 6 in FIG. 3; in FIG. 7 is a vertical section through the carriage 7 7 in FIG. 6; in FIG. 8 is a longitudinally angled section through a machine 8 8 in FIG. 7.

 The engine housing 1 differs from the prototype in that the cavity is equipped with an orbit of piston balls in the form of a curved closed circle-groove of a different segment with recesses-recesses in the amount of 12 pcs / expansion chambers 8 / in the form of torus segments, a closed loop passes along the outer center of the piston orbit circle-groove 9, which includes the ends of the spokes 5, of the rotor-gate 4. There is an exhaust hole 23.

 The engine of the invention includes a rotor-gate 4, which differs from the prototype in that it is mounted on a vertical shaft 3 (Fig. 5) and comprises spokes 5 symmetrically spaced from the capstan 6 from the capstan 6, onto which rotor slots 8 are mounted freely crawling reciprocating carriage-pistons 7 having the outer surface of the ball.

 The engine is characterized in that the spokes 5 of the rotor-gate 4 at the ends (Fig. 4) contain piston machines connected to the carriage 7. The machine consists of a cylinder 10 located in the cavity of the spoke 5, piston 11, a cylindrical, small diameter connected by a rod 12 with an inner diametrical stand 13 of the carriage (Fig. 7), in the cylinder in front of the machine there is a valve 14, which completely overlaps the section of the cylinder of the spoke cavity, around the circumference in the body at the ends of the spokes 5 there are channels 15 (Fig. 4, 8) for supplying the working fluid, with two valves 18, a manifold 16 and a nozzle 17 (Fig. 2), into the chamber 2 of the engine of the invention.

 It differs in that the rotor 4 is mounted on a shaft 3 with a center of rotation located above the center of gravity of its masses; therefore, it externally has a shape representing a dome.

 It differs in that the ends of the spokes 5 of the rotor are included in the groove 9 (Fig. 1, 4). The carriages 7 moving reciprocating along the guide spokes 5 of the rotor-gate 4 are included in the grooved recesses of the expansion chambers 2.

 When the rotor-gate 4 is rotated, the carriage-pistons 7, crawling along the guide pin 5, sliding out of the socket 8, enter the concave part of the recess of the expansion chamber 2. Through the injector 22 and from the nozzle 17, a compressed working fluid is supplied, a thermodynamic process occurs, the piston-carriage high pressure is pushed out of the chamber 2, moving along the guide curve of the chamber, it simultaneously creeps along the guide pin 5 in the radial direction to the center of rotation of the rotor-gate, returning to socket 8.

 The centrifugal force acting on the piston during its movement from the concave part is aligned with the opposing force of the guide curve of the chamber 2. The force of the working fluid pushes the piston-carriage 7 around the circumference, which rotates the collar-rotor 4. Through the shoulder of the spoke 5, the longer the spoke, the less force is required on the piston from the side of the working fluid.

 The larger the number of pistons, the greater the force exerted on the rotor gate.

 In contrast to the prototype expansion chamber of the invention in the form of a torus segment with a generatrix radius slightly larger than the radius of the piston-ball, when the pistons move under the influence of the kinetic energy of the working fluid from the concave part of the chamber onto the convex, a potential energy reserve is created.

 From the convex part of the chamber, the piston carriage under the action of the inertial centrifugal potential energy, doing work, returns again to the concave part, thus, unlike the prototype, the piston performs twelve working cycles in one rotation of the rotor, in just one revolution of the rotor the number of cycles is equal to the product of the number of pistons and the number of expansion chambers. The total working surface of the pistons is equal to the sum of the working areas of the surface of the balls of the rotor.

 In contrast to the prototype, the piston carriages mounted on the guide spokes fix the quality of balancing, reduce vibration, maintain balance, which generally reduces engine wear.

 In contrast to the prototype, the invention comprises, for changing the properties of the fuel, machines mounted on spokes 5 / technological machines /, which make it possible to rationally use the period of one revolution of the rotor to generate energy and its high-quality, efficient use to perform work.

 The compression of the working fluid is carried out in the inner cylindrical part of the spoke 5.

 The piston-carriage 7, entering the concave part of the expansion chamber 2, carries the piston 11 of the machine through the rod 12 at that moment, the valve 14 opens, the valves 18 are closed, the fuel under the action of centrifugal forces passes through the channel 10 into the compression chamber 24, after which valve 14 closes.

 The carriage piston 7, being the engine of the technological machine, moving from the concave part of the expansion chamber 2 to the convex one, compresses the fuel located in the compression chamber 24 with the piston 11, after which, when the carriage 7 moves from the convex part of the expansion chamber 2 into the concave for a short moment, machine 18, compressed fuel through the channels 15 (Fig. 4, 8), the manifold 16 and the nozzle 17 (Fig. 2) is injected into the expansion chamber 2. After closing the valves 18 of the machine, the valve 14 opens, the compression chamber 24 is filled with fuel, after which the cycle work secondary The second technological machine (additional changes in fuel properties) is repeated.

 The primary technological preparation of fuel is carried out in a rotating tank in the form of a centrifuge located in the central part of the rotor.

 In the device of the chambers and pistons of the prototype, the working surface of the piston-rollers mainly works on friction, and not at the moment of rotation.

 The engine differs from the prototype in that by giving the rotor the shape of a dome, the rotor mass is redistributed relative to the axis of rotation, the center of rotation is located above the center of mass, which significantly increases the angular velocity of the rotor by increasing the moment of its rotation force.

 These new distinctive features give the engine of the invention the possibility of obtaining a higher rotor speed, balance, better balancing, more flexible dynamics that will significantly reduce engine wear, open up the possibility of using non-traditional substances with high dispersion as fuel in it, and the presence of a technological rotating central the tank will create a mechanical absorption of effective components, environmental qualities are improved, depending on the characteristics of the engine Tel in the future will be widely used in aircraft atmosphere, outer space, as well as in the national economy.

 The application of the invention in aircraft and spacecraft will open the possibility of refueling them from natural formations.

Claims (1)

 A rotary internal combustion engine comprising a housing, a rotor, pistons, combustion chambers, characterized in that the rotor-gate, having the shape of a geometric body, the center of rotation of which is displaced along the vertical axis from the center of gravity of its masses, contains carriage pistons mounted on its spokes , which includes a fuel technological installation with compression machines, is installed in the cavity of the housing containing symmetrically located expansion chambers in the form of segments of a torus or other geometric body.

Images