JPS6282236A - Opposed-piston type coaxial engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at the promotion of miniaturization and lightweightiness as well as to make improvements in airtight properties and abrasion resistance, by installing a one wavelength, sine wavelike guide groove or a cam mechanism on a piston outer wall being machined in cylindrical form, and inserting an output shaft into a through hole at the central part of both pistons. CONSTITUTION:Pistons 1a and 1b are symmetically set up in a cylinder 3, and an interval between these pistons comes to a combustion chamber 8. Rotary motion and reciprocation of these pistons 1a and 1b both are simultaneously performed by a one wavelength, sine wavelike cam mechanism by the guide groove 12 installed on an outer wall of these pistons 1a and 1b. Turning output is taken out of an output shaft 2 piercing through the central part of both these pistons 1a and 1b. Thus, miniaturization and lightweightiness are well promoted and, what is more, airtight properties and abrasion resistance are improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention is characterized by low vibration, small size, light weight,
This article relates to an engine device aimed at low cost and labor saving.

(Prior Art) Most conventional reciprocating internal combustion engines use a crank mechanism, which is a device that converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and the rotary motion into reciprocating motion. It can be broadly classified into rotary type engines that rotate eccentrically with a triangular rotor.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) The crankshaft in a reciprocating type engine is subjected to a large amount of stress due to the reciprocating movement of the piston, and the design is designed to increase the stress resistance, and a counterweight is added to maintain balance. This results in an increase in weight.

In addition, in the engine body, the cylinder head part,
It can be roughly divided into the cylinder block part and the crankcase part, but these parts are also heavy, have a large number of parts, are large, and require parts with complex shapes, and the piston causes one movement in the engine body by reciprocating, so Special consideration must be given to earthquake prevention, and great care must be taken to mount it.

In a rotary type engine, efficiency is extremely high because all moving parts work in the direction of rotation.
Although it is an excellent engine, each vertex of the triangular rotor is in line contact with the cylinder wall, and the sides of the rotor must also be inscribed in the cylinder side wall at the same time, improving airtightness and wear resistance. is the biggest point.

In machining the inner wall of the cylinder, curvature machining must be performed under complicated control due to the trajectory of each triangular apex due to the eccentric rotation of the rotor, so high accuracy is required during machining and assembly.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to achieve the object, the present invention has the following configuration.

First, in the engine according to the invention, a guide groove with a single wavelength sine wave, which is a cam mechanism, is provided on the outer wall of a cylindrical piston, and a roller is connected to a pin from the inner wall of the cylinder to guide the piston. It is stored in a ditch.

Further, the piston is provided with a through hole in the center thereof that has the same cross-sectional shape as the non-circular output shaft.

The cylinder has the same cylindrical interior as the piston,
The pistons are rotatable, the two pistons are arranged symmetrically around the combustion chamber, and the output shaft is inserted into a through hole in the center of both pistons.

The output shaft can have a hexagonal cross-section to increase its rigidity against torsion.

(Function) When the locus of circular motion is expanded to the time axis, a sine wave locus is generated.

By using this sine wave in the cam mechanism between the cylinder and the piston, it is possible to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into its own rotational motion, and the rotational motion into reciprocating motion. The piston rotates and reciprocates on the exit shaft when inserted into the
Since the output shaft has a non-circular cross-sectional shape, it rotates at the same time as the piston, so only rotational force is transmitted and rotation can be output.

Furthermore, by moving two pistons of the same mass symmetrically on the same axis, the vibrations caused by the reciprocating motion of the pistons cancel each other out, and in theory, the vibrations become zero, allowing quiet operation of the engine body.

(Example) In the cylindrical piston 1 shown in FIG. 1, a guide groove 12, which is a cam mechanism, is provided on the outer wall of the piston, and a through hole 13 for the exiting shaft layer is provided in the center of the piston 1.

Since the guide @ 12 of the piston 1 is connected to the fixed pin 7 from the cylinder 3 by providing a roller 9, the piston can make one rotation for one reciprocation of the piston.

The output shaft 2 shown in Fig. 2 has a rectangular outer shape that corresponds to the through hole 13 in the center of the piston, allowing the piston to slide and transmitting only the rotation of the piston. .

In addition, the output shaft 2 is hollow inside, and square openings 2a are formed at both ends, and openings 2b are formed inside the openings 2b as ventilation holes for the mixed gas. It is machined into a circular shape to correspond to the bearing part 14 of the cylinder 3, and an intake hole 6 is provided on the side of the cylindrical shape at the left end of the drawing to correspond to the carburetor.

An opening corresponding to the intake hole 6 is also provided on the carburetor side, so that the intake hole 6 can be opened and closed as the output shaft rotates.

Figure 3 shows the engine body, and the basic configuration of a two-stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine is as follows:
a, the pistons 1b are arranged symmetrically inside the cylinder 3, and a combustion chamber -8 is formed between the pistons.

Last month's roller in the guide groove 12a of the piston 1a 9
a is inserted into the roller 98 by a fixing pin 7a from outside the cylinder 3, and the fixing pin 7a is fixed to the cylinder wall.

The output bearing portions 14a114b are located at both ends of the cylinder 3, support the output shaft 2, and serve as the mixed gas reservoirs M8m, 8.
form b.

(Operation example) Piston la engaging with the exit shaft 2 in Fig. 3
, lb begins to move according to the guide groove formed by the cam mechanism while rotating due to the rotation of the output shaft, and the piston 1aqlb
Since they are arranged symmetrically, the inside of the combustion chamber 8 is pressurized, and at that time, the mixed gas stations M 8 a and 8 b generate negative pressure.

The mixed gas retention chamber 8a18b in which negative pressure is generated communicates with the output shaft opening 2a and the intake hole 6, so the mixed gas is sucked from the vaporizer through the output shaft, and the mixed gas retention chamber 8a18b is closed.
Leads to 8b.

As the rotation progresses further and the pistons la and lb reach the top dead center position, they gradually move toward both ends, and the combustion chamber 8 begins to generate negative pressure.

At this time, the mixed gas stop chambers 8a and 13b are pressurized,
Since the intake hole 6 is located on the rotating side of the output shaft, it remains closed to the carburetor.

When the pistons la and lb approach both ends, the output shaft opening 2b begins to open, thereby causing the mixed gas retention chamber ga,
8b is pressurized, and since the combustion chamber 8 is in a reduced pressure state, the mixed gas therein enters into the combustion chamber 8 with force.

At this time, since the exhaust hole 5 inside the combustion chamber 8 is also opened at the same time, the mixed gas passes through the output shaft opening 2b and reaches the exhaust hole 5.
In order to prevent the phenomenon of fuel blow-out, the output shaft opening 2b needs to be located farthest away from the exhaust hole 5 in accordance with the rotational position of the output shaft 2.

The output shaft opening 2b and the exhaust hole 5 are closed by the floating of the pistons la and lb, the combustion chamber 8 is put into a compressed state, and the mixed gas is pressurized.

1 spark plug near top dead center of Bi8to'! The mixture is ignited from 4 degrees, and the mixed gas explodes and burns, causing the pistons la and piston 1b to move toward both ends, and the moment the exhaust hole 5 opens, the exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust hole 5. .

For this reason, the combustion chamber 8 momentarily becomes a vacuum state, so that the mixed gas flows into the combustion chamber 8 through the output shaft opening 2b, and the engine can continue to operate by repeating these operations.

(Example of previous work) 2. Figure W4 shows the basic configuration of a 4-stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine. To explain this, first, a slit 5a is provided in the center of the cylinder 3a, and this slit 5a becomes an opening for intake and exhaust, and the engine head An intake valve 1v and an exhaust valve 2v are provided on the head 15 corresponding to the section, and are set on the slit 5a.

The intake valve 1v and the exhaust valve 2v are connected to the carburetor on the intake side and to the exhaust pipe on the exhaust side through pipes, respectively.

Further, the head 15 is provided with a camshaft for driving intake and exhaust valves.

In the piston lc and the piston 1d, guide grooves 12 are formed on the outer walls of the two pistons as shown in FIG. 3 above.
The two pistons are positioned symmetrically and move by a cam mechanism using rollers 9c and 9d at c and 12d and a fixed pin 7c and 17d fixed to the cylinder wall, and the output shaft 2A
is inserted into a through hole in the center of the piston, smoothes the rotation and reciprocation of the piston at the same time, and outputs only rotational force to the output shaft 2A.

First, by applying a rotational force to the output shaft 2A from the outside, the piston 1c11d connected to the output shaft 2A rotates and simultaneously moves along the guide groove of the cam mechanism.

Since the pistons move symmetrically, when they are close to each other, they are in a compression stroke, and when they are moved to both ends, they can perform a suction action.

Therefore, the intake valve 1v and the exhaust valve 2v provided in the head 15 can be linked to operate as a four-stroke engine. (Fig. 5) Since the combustion chamber 8A generates negative pressure due to the mutual pistons moving from the compression stroke of the piston located in the center toward both ends, the intake valve 1v is opened to suck the mixed gas from the carburetor, and the pistons move toward both ends. When the pistons reach both ends, the intake valve 1v is closed, and soon the pistons lc and 1d start moving toward the center of the combustion chamber 8A.

The combustion chamber 8A becomes a closed container and is pressurized, resulting in a compression stroke.

With the pistons lc and ld approaching and reaching near the top dead center position, the spark plugs 4c and 4d ignite, the mixed gas explodes and burns, and the pistons lc and ld are pushed toward both ends.

The mutual pistons lc and ld are directed toward the center of the combustion chamber 8A by rotational inertia from the bottom dead center position where they have reached both ends, and when the exhaust valve 2v is opened near the bottom dead center of the piston, the combustion gas flows through the exhaust valve 2v. is discharged through the piston lc,
ld moves to the top dead center position, scavenges the residual gas in the cylinder, and prepares for the next stroke. This becomes one stroke, and the engine continues by repeating this process.

(Effects of the Invention) a. Since the engine of the invention has a shape in which everything is built into the cylinder, the number of parts can be reduced, and the engine can be made smaller and lighter.

b. In a coaxial engine using a cam mechanism, compared to an engine with a conventional crank mechanism, #if! of the crank mechanism in a conventional engine. Since the piston and the output shaft are perpendicular to each other, the engine body becomes vertical and thick, but the engine of the invention has an m-shape, which is advantageous in terms of installation, space, etc. becomes.

The stress applied to the C1 output shaft can be significantly reduced compared to the output shaft of a conventional crank mechanism, and the output shaft of a conventional engine is equipped with a counterweight to maintain rotational balance, which results in an increase in weight. However, the weight of the output shaft of the engine according to the invention can be significantly reduced.

d. Since the piston system of the invention has a large flywheel effect, the flywheel provided externally can be made smaller and lighter.

As a result of e, hereafter, in the engine of the invention, the size,
It is smaller and lighter than conventional engines.

In the case of the two-stroke engine shown in Fig. f, lG3, the mixed gas is passed through the output shaft, so the vaporization rate can be measured by cooling the output shaft and heating the mixed gas.

g. Since the piston itself acts as a bearing, axial strain on the output shaft is reduced.

h. Since the opposed pistons of the invention give opposite motions on the same axis to the pistons, the vibrations of the pistons cancel each other out, and theoretically, the vibration of the pistons is 11! ! It is possible to create a quiet engine with zero vibration.

i. Since the piston performs a reciprocating couplet while rotating, uneven wear on the contact surface with the cylinder wall can be reduced compared to conventional engines, and durability can be improved.

j. Conventional pistons require complicatedly controlled elliptical grinding due to the imbalance of thermal stress due to the influence of the internal structure, but the piston shape of the present invention can be machined into a perfect circle, saving labor in machining. .

k. The invention is structurally advantageous because it is possible to form an integral combustion chamber and the combustion chamber becomes a seamless high-pressure vessel.

1. In the case of a multi-cylinder engine according to the invention, the output is sent to the piston rod from each cylinder via a gear, connected on the circumference of a centrally located general output gear, and connected to the central general output gear. A radial arrangement is possible that takes out the output from the output gear.

Therefore, the output can be transmitted equally from each cylinder to the output shaft.

In the case of a multi-cylinder engine, the camshaft for driving the valves of a four-stroke engine with a radial arrangement is equipped with a cam device on a shaft extending from the general output gear located in the center, and the camshaft is installed on a shaft that extends from the general output gear located in the center, and the camshaft is installed on a shaft that extends from the general output gear located at the center, and the camshaft is used to drive the valves of the four-stroke engine. , the device can be simplified because the functions are shared.

n. The engine of the invention is designed to have less vibration even when it is alone, so conventional models had multiple cylinders to disperse and reduce vibrations, but good results can be obtained even with an engine equipped with fewer cylinders. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a piston. Fig. 2 shows a partial perspective view of the output shaft of a two-stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine. Fig. 3 shows the basic configuration of the engine body of a two-stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine. FIG. 4 shows a side sectional view of the basic engine body of a four-stroke opposed-piston coaxial engine. FIG. Output shaft 3 - Cylinder 4 - Spark plug 5 - Exhaust hole 6 - Intake hole 7 - Fixing pin of force ram mechanism 8 - Combustion chamber 9 - Roller of cam mechanism 12 - Piston guide of a 2-stroke opposed piston coaxial engine shown. Groove 13 - I-port in the center of the piston 14 - Output bearing part 15 - Head part of the 4-stroke coaxial engine 1v - Intake valve 2v - Exhaust valve 2a - Output shaft opening of the mixed gas stop chamber 2b = Output of the combustion chamber Below the shaft opening, la by a 2-stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine,
lb - Piston 7a - Fixed bins 3a, 3b - Mixed gas retention chamber 9a - Rollers 14a, 14b - Output bearing section and below, LC by a 4-stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine,
ld - Piston 2A - Output shaft 3a - Cylinder 4c, 4d Single spark plug 5a - Slit for intake and exhaust 7c, 7d - Fixed bin 8A - Combustion plan 9c, 9d - Roller 12 C, 12d - Guide groove 14c + 14' - Output Bearing Part Licensing Diagram by Sarasawa 2 stroke opposed screw]-type coaxial engine 4 stroke opposed piston type coaxial engine drawing

Claims (1)

[Claims] The combustion chamber in the cylinder is narrowed, two pistons are placed facing each other, and a single-wavelength sinusoidal cam mechanism created by a guide groove on the outer wall of the piston allows the pistons to rotate and reciprocate at the same time. This is an engine that extracts rotational output from an output shaft that passes through the center of both pistons, and the pistons and output shafts are in a coaxial relationship.