RU2084266C1 - Automatic vacuum bypass device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: various industries including production of aggressive, explosive and combustible liquids. SUBSTANCE: device has ejector 1 connected with hermetic reservoir 3 by means of vacuum main 21 and secured on upper flange 2, housing of double-acting valve 9 with stop 17, self-setting valve 10 with seat 23 having through holes for passage of venting air. Valve 10 is provided with control rods 22 at the bottom which are free to pass through holes in seat 23. Lower flange 4 holds suction branch pipe 24 and drain branch pipe 20 which are connected with reservoir 3 through inlet valve 14 and outlet valve 13. Filter element mounted inside hermetic reservoir 3 is made in the form of cylinder with 10-mm holes over its generatrix and float which form together float chamber 18. Inside float chamber, float is located which is made in the form of hollow cylinder consisting of two halves 7 and 8 with slot in upper portion and self-setting valves 11 and 12 provided with centering rings 25. Horizontal aprons 15 and 16 mounted in upper and lower portions of float are used as limiters of horizontal oscillations of float. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for overflowing and filtering electrolytes and can be used in various fields of the national economy, including in industries associated with the use of aggressive, explosive and fire hazardous liquids.

 A vacuum overflow device is known that operates in an automatic, cyclic mode and is designed for overflow of acids and other aggressive liquids by suctioning them under vacuum from an open container and draining by gravity to any other open container, for example, a galvanic bath. The device contains an ejector connected by a vacuum line with a sealed container, a suction pipe with a non-return valve, a drain pipe connected to a sealed container through another non-return valve, a float valve made with loads and mounted on a rod with two stops in a sealed container, on the sealed top cover a suction nozzle is installed on the container, on which a freely sliding sleeve with an upper outer radial collar is placed coaxially with it, the lower part of which interacts with the m on the top cover of the sealed container coaxially with the suction pipe saddle, between the inner hole and the outer diameter of which sleeve an annular gap, a suction pipe at its upper part is formed with an outer U-shaped flange with radial holes.

 Despite the fact that this device is currently well established in the production of AvtoVAZ, GAZ, AZLK, ZIL and a number of other enterprises, a number of shortcomings have been identified during its operation.

 One of the disadvantages of this device is the need to use it for overflowing only pure electrolytes and other liquids. In the case of overflow of contaminated liquids, a special filter element must be installed on the suction line, without which the machine cannot operate due to quick contamination of the drain valve, which entails disassembling the machine and cleaning it from mechanical impurities.

 Another disadvantage of this device is the possibility of atmospheric air seeping into the sealed container through a valve with a sliding cylindrical nozzle of the upper drainage unit, which significantly affects its performance.

 Finally, the disadvantages of the known device include unjustifiably high consumption of metal or vinyl plastic, which are used as cargo on the float.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality, increase productivity and reliability of the device by increasing the efficiency of cleaning the transfused liquid from mechanical impurities, as well as a new design of the float and upper drainage unit, reducing material consumption by using the float without load.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the described vacuum device containing an ejector connected by a vacuum line with a sealed container, a suction and drain pipe with check valves, a float with a valve, an upper drainage unit including a suction pipe and a valve, the sealed container is equipped with a filter element made in the form of a cylinder with holes with a diameter of 10 mm along its generatrix and forming a float chamber, the float is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, consisting of two halves with a gap In the upper part and equipped with self-adjusting valves in its upper part, horizontal aprons are installed below and below the float, restricting horizontal oscillations of the float, a stop and a self-adjusting valve with a seat with through holes for drainage air are installed in the upper drainage unit, the valve is equipped with control rods from the bottom passing freely through the through holes of the saddle.

 The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a filtering machine.

 The device contains a sealed container 3, made in the form of a cylinder, an upper flange 2, on which an ejector 1 is rigidly fixed, connected to the container using a vacuum line 21, a double-acting valve body 9 with an emphasis 17, a self-locking valve 10 with a seat 23 with through holes for drainage air. The valve 10 has lower control rods 22, which pass freely through the passage openings of the seat 23. Suction 24 and drain 20 nozzles are connected to the bottom flange 4 and are connected to the tank through the inlet 14 and outlet 13 non-return valves, while the outlet valve 13 is equipped with a water seal. Inside the sealed container 3, a filter element 5, 6 is installed, which is a cylinder with holes with a diameter of 10 mm along its generatrix and a float forming a float chamber 18. The float is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, consists of two halves 7 and 8 with a slot 19 in the upper part and is equipped with self-adjusting valves 11 and 12 with centering rings 25. In the upper and lower parts of the float, aprons 15 and 16 are installed, which act as a limiter of horizontal vibrations of the float.

 The device operates as follows.

 When the active medium is supplied to the ejector 1, the latter through the vacuum line 21 and the double-acting valve 9 pumps air from the sealed container 3. After reaching the necessary vacuum in it, the valve 12 opens and the valve 13 closes. The liquid under atmospheric pressure through the suction pipe 24 and the check valve 14 enters the outer cavity of the tank 3 and, passing through the filter cloth 6 and the holes in the housing 5 of the filter element, enters the float chamber 18. The float chamber and the inside of the float 8 are filled through open bottom valve 12 to the level of the slots 19 of the float 7. After the liquid level in the outer cavity of the tank 3 and the float chamber 18 is equal to the level of the slots 19, the fluid flows only in oplavkovuyu chamber. Moreover, due to the lifting force generated in the upper part of the float chamber above the slots 19, the float 7, 8 moves up. Due to the free vertical movement of the valve 11 in the upper part of the float 7, the suction flow raises and presses the valve 11 to the lower cut of the housing 9. At the same time, the valve 11 moves up the valve stems 10, tearing it away from the seat of the housing 9 and raising it to the stop 17. Moreover, the suction air from the float chamber stops and the latter through the through passage holes of the concentrically located seat 23 of the open valve 10 communicates with atmospheric air. The vacuum disappears and the liquid under its own weight from the float chamber through the check valve 13 is drained by gravity through the pipe 20 into the receiving tank. The valve 12 under the weight of the liquid moves to the lower position and closes, thereby preventing the drainage of liquid only from the float chamber through the valve 13. Upon reaching a certain level of liquid in the float chamber, the float under the weight of the remaining liquid in it opens the valve 11 from the upper wedge-shaped protrusions body suction cut 9.

 The system returns to its original state, and the process repeats.

 After the work is completed, the flow of the active medium into the ejector 1 is turned off and all the remaining liquid in the outer tank, the float chamber and inside the float (in the lower position of the float valve 12 is open) is drained out.

 Thus, the proposed device compares favorably with the known one, because it can simultaneously combine overflow and filtration operations, completely eliminating the ingress of mechanical impurities inside the float chamber, which makes its operation more reliable and expands its functionality.

 In addition, the new design of the float and the upper drainage unit allows, on the one hand, to exclude the use of weights on the float, the role of which is pumped liquid in the invention, and on the other hand to prevent atmospheric air from entering the sealed container and thereby increase the suction force of the device .

Claims (1)

 An automatic vacuum overflow device containing an ejector connected by a vacuum line with a sealed container, a suction and drain pipe with check valves, a float with a valve located inside the sealed container, an upper drainage unit containing a suction pipe and a valve, characterized in that the sealed container is equipped with a filter element forming a float chamber with a float, the filter element is made in the form of a cylinder with holes with a diameter of 10 mm along its generatrix, the float is made in It consists of two halves of a hollow cylinder with a slot in the upper part and is equipped with self-adjusting valves and horizontal aprons in its upper and lower parts, restricting horizontal vibrations of the float, while the upper drainage unit is equipped with a stop and a self-adjusting valve with a seat with through holes for drainage air and the valve is equipped with bottom control rods passing freely through the through holes of the seat.