RU2076950C1 - Single-sided piston pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pump engineering. SUBSTANCE: valve box is manufactured from seamless pipes by welding. The valves are flexible and provided with almond-shaped springs and double seal. EFFECT: enhanced capacity. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of single-acting piston pumps and aims to create a new valve box design with elastic frame valves for a high-speed piston pump.

 An analogue of the invention is a single-acting three-piston pump with poppet valves [1] The drive part of the pump consists of a mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the drive pulley into reciprocating motion of the pistons and transfers the energy received from the power drive to the pistons. In the hydraulic part of the pump, energy is transferred from the pistons to the fluid. The basis of the hydraulic part of the pump is the valve box, which serves to form working chambers, channels for supplying and discharging fluid to the working chambers, placing and securing valves and all other elements of the hydraulic part, and connecting the hydraulic part to the drive part and their joint installation on the slide frame .

 In the cast valve box of the pump, poppet type valves with a tapered seating surface are installed. The valve consists of a seat, a plate with a seal, springs, etc. The main requirements that the valves must meet are reliable sealing, trouble-free operation, shock-free seating on the seat under variable operating conditions and ensuring minimal hydraulic losses.

The disadvantages of the analogue are:
heavy valve box difficult to cast;
a lot of time and money is spent on marking and machining the valve box on complex machines;
when pumping drilling fluids in drilling, containing abrasive particles, especially with heavier solutions, the valve service life is greatly reduced, and in some cases it is only 20 30 hours of work;
the valve is expensive to manufacture, since the number of its parts reaches twenty;
the complexity of achieving a reliable seal design in a poppet valve design;
Poppet valves are not reliable enough for high-speed pumps to handle viscous fluids.

 Closest to the proposed invention is a Curting valve with elastic bundles [2] for a molded valve box. The design of this valve consists of a bottom cover 1, round rubber bands 2, a brook seat 3, tie bolts 4, a frame 5, and a top cover 6.

 In the design of the Curting valve, rubber tows are located in a horizontal plane and this determines the tendency to their sliding. In addition, the floor arrangement of the harnesses complicates the design of the valve and rubber harnesses at high pressures can be pinched in the slots for fluid passage.

 Taking into account the noted shortcomings, a pump design with an axial arrangement of valves is developed, which greatly simplifies the design and increases the reliability of its operation.

 Figure 1 shows a single-acting piston pump with elastic valves and a welded valve box; figure 2 elastic valve on the seat; figure 3 the location of the annular channels on the cylinder.

 The pump consists of a suction pipe 1 with a plug. The upper part of the pipe passes through the front cover of the valve box and is connected to it by welding. At the end of the pipe passing through the front cover 7 of the valve box, a pipe 4 is screwed, which serves as a seat for the suction valves. Under each valve there are round diametrically located through holes passing through the suction pipe 1 and the valve seat. These openings serve as fluid passageways for the suction valves. The fluid entering under the valves stretches them, lifting them above the seat. A cylinder 10 passes through the rear cover of the valve box 9, which is welded to it and abuts against the front wall through a metal sealing ring 2. At the end of the cylinder entering the valve box, a pipe 5 is screwed, which serves as the seat of the pressure valves.

 Under each valve there are round diametrically located through holes passing through the nozzle and cylinder, which serve for the passage of fluid from the cylinder to the valve box, through the discharge valves 6. The valve box consists of a front cover with suction valves 3, a back cover 9 with discharge valves and pipe ring with discharge pipe. The pipe ring has side flanges for bolting to the side caps. The drive part of the pump is a mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the drive pulley 14 into the reciprocating motion of the piston 11 and transfers energy to the piston.

 The design of the elastic valve contains a rubber shell with two additional sealing rings (fields) 15, inside the rubber shell is filled closed almond-shaped spring 18, which prevents the extrusion of rubber into passage holes at high pressures. Inside the valve 16 there is a split spring ring 17, which further helps the operation of the rubber shell 19, the valve seat. The design of the elastic valve has a minimum weight, axial arrangement of the valves, a simple valve design, which reduces its cost and increases the reliability of its operation.

45 ^{o the} angle of taper of the supporting surface of the valve. To clarify, figure 3 shows the location of the annular channels on the cylinder, where 20 valve seat, 21 cylinder, 22 channel for the passage of fluid, 23 valve with belts.

 The pump works as follows: the liquid through the suction pipe 1 through the suction valve 3 enters the cylinder 10. Filling the pump cylinder with liquid coming from the tank through the suction pipe, and displacing the liquid from it into the discharge line discharge.

The movement of the piston from the suction valves causes a vacuum and the liquid from the receiving tank under the influence of excess pressure above the pressure in the cylinder is directed through the suction pipe 1 to the cylinder 10, opening the suction valves 3, stretching and lifting them above the seat 4. The movement of the piston in the opposite direction pushes the liquid out cylinder 10 into the valve box 8 through the discharge valves 6, stretching and lifting them above the seat 5, since the suction valves 3 at this moment are closed under the action of the internal force of the valves containing rubber a new shell, an almond-shaped closed spring 18 and a split inner ring 17. A welded tubular valve box with elastic valves can be used for high-speed lightweight single-acting piston pumps for pumping viscous fluids and cement mortars, where even ball valves work intermittently. The single-acting welded tubular valve box with elastic frame valves has the following advantages over cast valve boxes with poppet valves:
the box has a lower weight and simple design;
simpler manufacturing technology without the use of complex metalworking machines, and therefore lower cost;
it is suitable for a complete set of high-speed piston pumps pumping viscous and cement mortars;
rubber valves are quiet in operation and cheap to manufacture;
more reliable valve tightness in the presence of two additional annular fields;
when the front cover of the box is opened, suction and discharge valves are immediately detected for inspection and replacement of the latter;
valve sleeves are easily screwed from the suction pipe and cylinder, do not require special pullers;
less hydraulic loss inside the valve box.

Claims (1)

 A single-acting piston pump containing a housing, a working cylinder, a valve box in which the valves are located in the form of a ring, characterized in that the valve box is made of welded from seamless pipes, and the valves are made elastic with almond-shaped springs and a double seal in the form of additional rings.

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