RU207673U1 - Stand for imitation of human external respiration, intended for testing personal protective equipment of the human respiratory system - Google Patents

Abstract

A stand for simulating external respiration of a person is proposed, intended for testing personal respiratory protection equipment (RPE). It includes a frame on which the main pump is mounted, which creates a pulsating flow with separated lines of inhalation and exhalation with the possibility of providing a return movement of the gas-air mixture (DHW) through the RPE, an exhalation line containing a humidification and heating unit equipped with an expansion barrel and a heating system, inspiratory line, made in the form of a DHW cooling unit, equipped with a tap for connection to a unit for simulating oxygen consumption, providing DHW extraction, including an auxiliary pump for DHW collection in the inhalation phase and release of DHW to the atmosphere in the exhalation phase, with the possibility of actuating by a servo drive and control to simulate oxygen consumption in different breathing modes. Also, the claimed device contains a gas composition control system, made in the form of a gas analyzer, a carbon dioxide supply unit containing a carbon dioxide flow control device and passing carbon dioxide through the valve into the main pump during the inhalation phase, which is mixed with hot water supply, and sensors providing feedback to a control unit having an interface for controlling the stand, with the ability to simulate different modes of breathing, including a calculation unit made in the form of a microcontroller, recording a test protocol in an automatic mode, a nitrogen supply unit containing a device for regulating the flow and pressure of nitrogen and made with the possibility of passing nitrogen to during the inspiration phase through the valve into the main pump for mixing with DHW, while the main pump is connected to the inspiratory and expiratory lines through check valves, while the humidification and heating unit contains a thermoelectric heater located inside the circuit of the humidification and heating unit.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for testing and researching protective respiratory equipment against exposure to external adverse factors.

Known stand for testing breathing apparatus, containing a stimulator of air movement, including a pump with a drive having a crank mechanism (SU 720851 A1, 07.12.1984).

The disadvantages of the test bench for breathing apparatus are a small percentage of automation, lack of control at each stage, the complexity of obtaining samples for analysis, and the cumbersome structure.

Known stand for testing breathing apparatus, simulating human breathing and configured to be connected to a breathing apparatus, including a stimulator for air movement, containing a housing, an actuator and an associated chamber made with the ability to change its volume, characterized in that the said chamber is formed by the first disk , which is attached to the body, by a toroidal flexible shell and a second disc, which is connected to a drive including an electric motor and a crank mechanism, the crank of which is mounted on the electric motor shaft, and the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the second disc (RU 83109 U1, 20.05.2009).

The disadvantage of this stand is a small percentage of automation, lack of control at each stage of testing, as well as the ability to determine only one indicator, namely the value of pressure under the mask in the phase of inhalation and exhalation.

There is a known stand for simulating external respiration of a person, intended for testing personal protective equipment for respiratory organs (RPE), consisting of a main pump that creates a pulsating flow and connected to the lines of inhalation and exhalation and provides a circular movement of the gas-air mixture (DHW) through valves with RPE, an exhalation line containing a humidification and heating unit, an inhalation line equipped with a branch to which an oxygen consumption simulation unit is connected, including an auxiliary pump providing proportional DHW selection, a gas composition control system made in the form of a gas analyzer, a carbon dioxide supply unit containing a device for regulating the flow of carbon dioxide and passing carbon dioxide in the inhalation phase through the corresponding valve into the main pump, which is then mixed with hot water supply, as well as sensors providing feedback from all units to the control unit, which includes a calculation unit (SU 459242 A1, 05.02 .1975).

The disadvantage of this stand is a small percentage of automation, the complexity of obtaining samples for analysis, and low accuracy.

The closest analogue to the utility model is the Stand for imitation of human external respiration, designed for testing personal respiratory protection equipment (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019), the author of which is the author and applicant of this utility model. The stand for simulating external respiration of a person consists of a main pump that creates a pulsating flow and is connected to the lines of inspiration and expiration with the possibility of providing a return movement of the gas-air mixture (GVS) through valves with a respiratory protective equipment, an expiratory line containing a humidification and heating unit, an inspiratory line equipped with a branch for connections with a block for simulating oxygen consumption, including an auxiliary pump that provides proportional selection of hot water supply, a gas composition control system made in the form of a gas analyzer, a carbon dioxide supply unit containing a device for regulating the flow of carbon dioxide and passing carbon dioxide through the valve into the main pump during the inhalation phase, which is mixed with DHW, and sensors that provide feedback to the control unit, which includes a calculation unit, characterized in that it includes a nitrogen supply unit containing a device for regulating the flow and pressure of nitrogen and made with the possibility of passing nitrogen in the inhalation phase through the valve in the main an external pump for mixing with hot water, and a frame on which all the means and blocks included in the stand are mounted, while the main pump is connected to the inhalation and exhalation lines through additional valves, the stand valves are solenoid valves, a humidification and heating unit on the exhalation line made with an expansion barrel, the inspiratory line contains a DHW cooling unit connected before the outlet connected to the oxygen consumption simulation unit, and a carbon dioxide absorption unit from the inhalation line, the oxygen consumption simulation unit includes an auxiliary pump for proportional DHW extraction in the inhalation phase and DHW release in the atmosphere in the expiratory phase, and the carbon dioxide supply unit contains a device for regulating the carbon dioxide pressure. The disadvantage of this device is the duration of the preparation cycle for the start of the test, due to the long access to the test mode, which includes heating and humidifying the hot water supply to a temperature of 37 ° C and a humidity of 100%. The existing standards regulate the conditions for testing the RPE, in accordance with which new ones are developed and the characteristics of the released and approved RPE are checked. So, for example, GOST 12.4.292-2015, in table 6 "Test modes at the IL installation" are set the parameters, test modes indicated in the table in Fig. 10, in accordance with which the RPE tests are carried out.

As shown in FIG. 10 of the table, to enter the test mode for the "artificial lungs" installation, the hot water supply must certainly meet both conditions: a temperature of 37 ° C and a humidity of 100%, with a selected volume of pulmonary ventilation. The time to enter the test mode of the Stand for simulating external respiration of a person, designed for testing personal protective equipment of the respiratory system (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019) is at least 14 minutes - when entering a light test load; at least 9 minutes - when reaching an average test load; minimum 27 minutes - when entering a heavy load test;

the need for constant monitoring of the drainage system of the stand, due to the possibility of its overflow and contact of excess moisture with the devices of the stand, as well as the need to periodically replace the chemical lime absorber in case of tests with the absorption of carbon dioxide.

A technical problem is the creation of a device for a similar purpose to a stand for imitating human external respiration (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019), devoid of the above-described disadvantages, with improved operational and technical characteristics.

The present utility model solves a technical problem by replacing and eliminating some operations, improved process automation, and the addition of a head mannequin to the Stand to expand the range of tests carried out.

Distinctive features of this utility model from the stand for imitating human external respiration, intended for testing personal protective equipment for respiratory organs (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019):

a smaller number of operations performed due to the use of check valves, by placing a thermoelectric heater inside the circuit of the humidification and heating unit, due to which the set of the required DHW temperature (according to the requirements of GOST or other test requirements) occurs faster and without excessive loss of time for heating the surface of the nozzle, and also the exclusion of the drainage system and the direction of condensate in the further operation of the declared utility model;

addition of a head dummy device for testing breathing apparatus with a mask or helmet, capable of supporting the operation of the bench, and also performing the functions of heating the outer layer of the head dummy and changing the size of the head.

The technical result achieved in the utility model is to accelerate the set of the required DHW temperature.

The essence of the utility model is to achieve the aforementioned technical result by creating a stand for imitating human external respiration, for testing personal protective equipment for the human respiratory system (hereinafter - the Stand for imitating human external respiration, or the Stand), intended for testing personal respiratory protection equipment (RPE), consisting of a main pump that creates a pulsating flow, connected to the lines of inhalation and exhalation and provides a reciprocating movement of the gas-air mixture (hereinafter referred to as DHW) with the RPE, an exhalation line containing a humidification and heating unit, an inhalation line equipped with a branch to which the unit is connected oxygen consumption simulation, including an auxiliary pump that provides proportional DHW extraction, with the possibility of being actuated by a servo drive and control to simulate oxygen consumption in various breathing modes, a gas composition control system made in the form of a gas analyzer, a supply unit, and regulation of the content of carbon dioxide, containing a device for regulating and maintaining the flow of carbon dioxide and passing carbon dioxide through the main pump during the inhalation phase, which is then mixed with hot water supply, as well as sensors that provide feedback from all units to the control unit, which includes the functions of calculating and maintaining the required parameters, with the ability to simulate different breathing modes. The claimed utility model can be supplemented with a heated and inflatable head dummy connected to the inhalation and exhalation lines through hermetically sealed nozzles, in which temperature sensors are located, the head dummy also includes a resistance sensor and a temperature measurement sensor to maintain the required external temperature. parts of the mannequin's head, as well as a blower, for pumping the mannequin.

According to the declared utility model, all the units of the stand are compactly mounted on a single frame, including the main pump, which creates a pulsating flow, which is connected to the lines of inhalation and exhalation through valves, while all the valves of the stand are made in the form of mechanical check valves, a humidification and heating unit on the exhalation line made with an expansion barrel, the inspiratory line contains a DHW cooling unit connected to the inspiratory line before the outlet connected to the oxygen consumption simulation unit, the auxiliary pump of the oxygen consumption simulation unit provides proportional DHW withdrawal in the inhalation phase and releases DHW into the atmosphere during the exhalation phase, the supply unit and maintaining carbon dioxide contains a device for regulating the flow of carbon dioxide, a nitrogen supply unit is also introduced, containing a device for regulating the flow of nitrogen and passing nitrogen in the inhalation phase through the valve into the main pump, in which it is then mixed with the main hot water supply.

At the same time, in the stand:

a control unit performing a computational function and a stand control function is made in the form of a microcontroller;

the main pump, connected to a servo drive and using the control unit, can reproduce any breathing curve, copying the breathing of real people;

the control unit has an intuitive user interface that allows one-touch control of the stand, provides a single center for control and collection of information and recording a test report in a fully automatic mode and also performs a control function and uses feedback from sensors located in each unit, can simulate any "breathing" mode and quickly change modes according to the user's task;

the auxiliary pump is servo-driven, and under the control of the control unit, it can flexibly control the simulation of oxygen consumption, simulating different breathing modes;

FIG. 1 shows a stand for imitation of human external respiration.

FIG. 2 shows the main pump.

FIG. 3 auxiliary pump.

FIG. 4 shows the humidification and heating unit.

FIG. 5 shows the DHW cooling unit

FIG. 6 shows a side view of the humidification and heating unit.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the auxiliary pump.

FIG. 8 shows the power panel.

FIG. 9 depicts the appearance of a complete human head mannequin.

FIG. 10 shows a table of Test Modes in accordance with GOST 12.4.292-2015.

FIG. 11 shows part of the test protocol for RPE - SHSS-TM.

FIG. 12 shows a graph of reaching a heavy load, according to GOST 12.4.292-2015.

The stand in Fig. 1 includes: main pump 1, tank 2 of the humidification and heating unit, line 3 "exhalation", line 4 "inhalation", tee 5 for connecting the RPE, block 6 of DHW cooling; auxiliary pump 7 of the unit for simulating oxygen consumption; a gas flow sensor 15, an expansion tank 8 of a humidification and heating unit, a microcontroller 9, a gas composition control system made in the form of a gas analyzer 10 with sensor locations, a temperature control system in the form of a temperature measuring device 11 with thermocouple locations (in this figure 14 ), sensors 12 for measuring humidity, sensor 13 for measuring the resistance of the air flow.

The main pump 1 in FIG. 2 contains: servo motor 16; check valve 18 "exhalation"; check valve 17 "inhalation"; bellows 20 of the main pump; fitting 19 for gas supply; sensor 21 of the upper position of the screw nut 22; screw nut 22 of the main pump.

The auxiliary pump 7 (see FIG. 1) in FIG. 3 contains: an auxiliary pump servo 27; check valves 26 of the auxiliary pump; bellows 23 of the auxiliary pump; sensor 24 of the upper position of the screw nut 25; screw nut 25, sensor 15 (see Fig. 1) gas flow.

The humidification and heating unit in FIG. 4 contains: tank 2 (see Fig. 1) of the humidification and heating unit into which hot water is supplied through the connection 31 with the "exhalation" line of the main pump, the "exhalation" line 3 (see Fig. 1), a branch pipe 28 for connecting a humidity sensor , a branch pipe 29 for adding water from the expansion tank 8 (see Fig. 1), as well as a branch pipe 33 for draining condensate from the DHW cooling unit connected to the thermocouple branch pipe 32 of the humidification and heating unit, a branch pipe 30 for taking DHW with a gas analyzer, point 14 (see Fig. 1) the location of the thermocouple to control the DHW temperature on the "expiration".

Block 6 (see Fig. 1) for DHW cooling in Fig. 5 contains: line 4 "inhalation"; cooler 36; tap 34 of the intake of hot water supply to the simulation unit for gas analysis and temperature control; condensate drain pipe 33; connection 35 to the "inspiration" line of the main pump.

The block (see Fig. 1) of humidification and heating in Fig. 6 contains: thermoelectric heater (TEN) 37; water level sensor 38; nozzle 32 of the thermocouple of the humidification and heating unit; additional heating element 39 heating element located inside the loop 40 of the humidification and heating unit; point 14 of the location of the thermocouple on the "exhalation" line.

The power panel in FIG. 7 contains: a power supply button 41; fuse 42 for 10 A, 220 V; power socket (IEC C 14) 43; plug 44 for nitrogen connection; plug 45 for connecting carbon dioxide.

The appearance of the mannequin head with nozzles in FIG. 8 contains: a stable base 46 for a mannequin head; mannequin head 47; a branch pipe 48 of the mouth opening; a branch pipe of the line 50 "inhalation"; the branch pipe of the line 49 "exhalation".

Mannequin head with nozzles, side view in FIG. 9 contains: a stable base 46 for a mannequin head (see Fig. 8); base 52 of the mannequin head; flexible heating element 51 of the mannequin head; an elastic cover 53 of the base 52 of the mannequin head; a mouthpiece 48 that connects the “inhalation” tube 50 and the “exhalation” tube 49; a resistance sensor 57 located at the bottom of the nose of the head dummy 47 (see FIG. 8); a dummy head pumping nozzle 58 located in the space between the head dummy base 52, disposed thereon with a flexible head dummy heating element 51, and an elastic cover 53 of the head dummy base; a blower 59 with a check valve; sensor 54 for measuring the humidity of DHW, located in the branch pipe 49 of the line "exhalation"; thermocouple 55 for controlling the DHW temperature on "exhalation".

The table in FIG. 10 is an extract from GOST 12.4.292-2015, in accordance with the parameters of which the RPE is tested.

FIG. 11 shows part of the test protocol for RPE - SHSS-TM

In view of the every second reflection of information in the test report, information is given for the period from 5 minutes to 2 hours 5 minutes, with an interval of every 5 minutes, where the tabular handicap reflects information: test time, mode (selected or generated load mode), bath temperature (in the tank of the humidification and heating unit), expiratory temperature (temperature in the expiratory branch pipe), exhalation О₂ (concentration) in%, exhalation of CO₂ (concentration), exhalation resistance, exhalation humidity (DHW on "exhalation"), inhalation resistance, selection (content) О₂ (concentration in "inhalation") in l / min, data from gas analyzers.

The graph in FIG. 12 depicts the process of comparative tests of stands for simulating external respiration of a person, by plotting the dependence of the set of DHW temperature in time by a stand for simulating external respiration of a person (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019) and this utility model, where the time-temperature graph of the stand is highlighted with a long stroke (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019), where the heating element is located outside the branch pipe, lines in the form of round dots are temporarily highlighted - the temperature graph of the present utility model, where the stand is located inside the branch pipe. The solid line marks the temperature range of 36.5-37.5 ° C, when observed, the conditions for observing the required temperature of the stand's hot water supply are met. Compliance with the conditions for the start of testing of this utility model occurred in 15 minutes 16 seconds at a temperature of 36.90 ° C. Compliance with the conditions for the start of the test bench (RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019) occurred in 27 minutes 13 seconds at a temperature of 36.90 ° C.

The stand for imitation of human external respiration works as follows.

The main pump 1, for example a bellows-type pump (Fig. 1), carries out reciprocating movements and creates a pulsating flow, which, due to the system of valves, is divided into the lines of "inhalation" 4 and "exhalation" 3, which is achieved by installing check valves in different directions. In the "exhalation" phase, the pump 1 is driven by the servomotor 16, while the "exhalation" valve 17 is open, and the "inhalation" valve 18 remains in the closed position. Through the "exhalation" check valve 17, which is in the open position, the gas-air mixture (DHW) from the pump enters the tank 2 of the humidifier unit. In the humidification and heating unit, DHW is heated to a temperature (for example) of 37 ° C, with the help of a thermoelectric heater located inside the circuit, it is humidified to a relative humidity of 95% and DHW is supplied through line 3 of the "exhalation" to tee 5 (which is a removable element, hermetically installed on line 4 "Inhalation" and 3 "exhalation"). Through the tee 5 GVS enters the tested sample of the RPE. At the “inhalation” phase, from the sample RPE, DHW flows through the tee 5 into the “inhalation” line 4 to the DHW cooling unit 6. In block 6, DHW is cooled to room temperature and returned back to pump 1. Oxygen consumption is simulated through an auxiliary pump 7, for example of a membrane type. It carries out reciprocating movements using its own servo drive 27, creating a pulsating gas flow, separated by check valves 26. If it is necessary to test a sample in a mode with CO ₂ absorption, data on the required level of CO ₂ maintenance on the microcontroller 9 is set. The operation of the entire stand is controlled by a control unit in the form of a microcontroller 9, collecting information from a gas composition control system made in the form of a gas analyzer 10 and a temperature measuring device 11 (including sensors 14, 32, 55, 56) and humidity measurement sensors 12 and 54.

The main pump 1 (Fig. 2) creates a pulsating flow. Two connected bellows 20 of the main pump 1 are driven by a servo drive 16. The screw nut 22 moves in a vertical plane to the upper position sensor of the screw nut 21. The check valves 17 "exhalation" and 18 "inhalation" open in the phases of "exhalation" and "inhalation"" respectively. The movement program for the servo drive 16 is set by the microcontroller 9 (Fig. 1). The frequency and depth of breathing is controlled automatically and is supported by the electronic systems of the stand. The "inhalation" valve 18 opens in the "inhalation" phase and passes 20 DHW into the bellows into the main pump, to which gases CO ₂ and nitrogen (N ₂ ) are added. Nozzle 19 is designed to supply gas CO ₂ and nitrogen (N ₂ ) to the bellows 20.

The auxiliary pump 7 (Fig. 1) of the oxygen consumption simulation unit selects hot water through the valve 26 from the outlet 34 to connect the oxygen consumption simulation unit through the “inhalation” line 4 in the “inhalation” phase and returns it to the atmosphere. The screw nut 25, driven by the drive 27, moves in a vertical plane, stretching the bellows 23 of the auxiliary pump 7, up to the sensor 24 of the upper position of the screw nut 25, thereby creating a pulsating flow. The sampled volume of DHW is controlled by the flow sensor 15 (Fig. 1) at each step and, if necessary, is corrected by the microcontroller 9 (Fig. 1), changing the program of movement of the drive 27. The DHW flow is separated by check valves 26 operating in the opposite direction.

In the tank 2 of the block of humidification and heating (see Fig. 1), the heating element 37 heats the water (Fig. 6). The water temperature is controlled by thermocouple 32 of the humidification and heating unit. The DHW supplied from the pump is heated in tank 2 to a temperature (for example) of 37 ° C and humidifies to a relative humidity of 95%, as well as being heated by an additional heating element 39 located inside the circuit 40 of the humidification and heating unit. Control and maintenance of temperature and humidity is carried out automatically by the microcontroller 9 (Fig. 1). In the line 3 "exhalation" there is a branch pipe 28 for connecting a humidity sensor 12 (Fig. 1). And also a branch pipe 30 for the selection of hot water supply for gas analysis. The water level in the tank 2 is monitored by the sensor 38. When a signal from the water level sensor 30 arrives at the microcontroller 14 (Fig. 1), water is added automatically from the expansion tank 13 (Fig. 1) of the humidification unit through the pipe 27. The expansion tank 13 (Fig. 1). 1) is equipped with a water level sensor, upon receipt of a signal from which the microcontroller 14 (Fig. 1) issues a message about the need for the user of the stand to add water to the expansion tank 13 (Fig. 1).

Unit 7 (Fig. 1) cools the DHW supplied through the "inhalation" line 4. Block 7 for DHW cooling is a radiator, for example, aluminum, equipped with fans, of a special design that provides DHW cooling to room temperature with any pulmonary ventilation. To control the gas composition and temperature, DHW is taken through the outlet 34 to the unit for simulating oxygen consumption and a gas analyzer. The condensate is drained through the branch pipe 33 of the DHW cooling unit into tank 2 of the humidification and heating unit.

There is a power panel on the side of the stand. The power panel is used to supply power to the stand. Socket 43 (220 V 50 Hz, 10 A) is grounded. Button 41 supplies power to the entire stand. Fuse 42 (220 V, 10A) protects the entire stand.

Plug 44 for connecting nitrogen, plug 45 for connecting carbon dioxide are used to supply gases from cylinders to the stand up to 2 atm.

When the head of the dummy 47 is connected to the stand, the intake and movement of hot water is carried out through the branch pipe of the "inhalation" line 50 connected to the "inhalation" line 4 and the branch pipe 49 of the "exhalation" line hermetically connected to the "exhalation" line 3, respectively, using an adapter made in the form flexible hose. The tightness of the connection of lines with branch pipes is ensured, for example, by means of clamps. When connecting the mannequin head to the stand, tee 5 is not used.

The pumping of the head mannequin is carried out as follows: from a compressor 59 with a check valve, for example a tonometer bulb with a release valve, excess pressure is supplied through the pipe 58 for pumping and relieving the pressure of the head dummy to the required value for obturation of the RPE. By opening the check valve (release valve) of the blower 59, the excess pressure in the space between the elastic cover 53 of the base of the head dummy and the flexible heating element 51 of the dummy head is discharged, directing the excess pressure through the port 58 to inflate and depressurize the dummy head into the atmosphere.

The flexible heating element 51 of the head mannequin heats the elastic cover 53 of the base of the head dummy to a temperature, for example 36 ° C, monitored by a sensor 56 located in the space between the elastic cover 53 of the base of the head dummy and the flexible heating element 51 of the head dummy, controlled by the temperature measuring device 11 and a microcontroller 9. The measurement of the air flow resistance by the sensor 57 located in any part of the mask space, for example, in the lower part of the nose of the head dummy 47, is carried out when "exhaling" through the pipe 49 and "inhaling" through the pipe 50, while controlling the DHW humidity on exhalation carried out by a humidity sensor 54 and a temperature sensor 55.

The use of the stand when carrying out dynamic tests of RPE samples by increasing the level of automation, recording the test report in a fully automatic mode and taking into account information from the sensors located in each block, and fixing all breathing parameters "inhalation" and "exhalation" allows the stand to simulate any mode "Breathing" and quickly change the modes according to the user's task.

When using a head dummy connected to the Stand, it is possible to carry out dynamic tests of the RPE with front parts, including environments hazardous to human life and health, as well as by placing the head dummy connected to the Stand in the test chamber.

This increases the accuracy of determining the time of the protective action of any type of RPE and allows using the stand for all types of tests (acceptance, certification, etc.), as well as for solving research problems and tasks of developing new types of RPE.

During the testing of the RPE, a protocol is kept, which reflects the test progress data, as reflected in Fig. eleven.

The elimination of the drainage system for draining the condensate of the DHW cooling unit by directing moisture into the tank of the humidifier unit, thereby avoiding the process of draining and cleaning the drainage system presented in the closest analogue of the claimed utility model, optimized the process.

The placement of the thermoelectric heater inside the circuit of the humidification and heating unit (earlier, in the closest analogue of the claimed utility model, the thermoelectric heater was located outside the circuit of the humidification and heating unit, as can be seen from Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, where an additional heating element, denoted by the value 33, is shown over the expiratory line, as well as in the practical version it is performed with an additional heating element placed over the nozzle), provided a faster set of the required temperature (according to the requirements of GOST or other test requirements) of DHW on "exhalation". Comparative tests can serve as confirmation of a faster entry into the test mode. Since the applicant of the present utility model and the utility model of the closest analogue of the utility model coincide, and is also the manufacturer of the Stand, comparative tests are the most convenient way of confirmation.

To conduct comparative tests, the Stands, which are the utility model RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019, and the present utility model are simultaneously included:

Initial data: room: the same for both stands, temperature -22 ° С. ^...

Indicators of the time to reach the mode (according to GOST 12.4.292-2015) of the declared utility model:

Mode 1 Light load - 3 minutes.

Mode 2 Medium load - 6 minutes.

Mode 3 Heavy load - 16 minutes.

Indicators of the time to reach the mode (according to GOST 12.4.292-2015) of the closest analogue of the utility model:

Mode 1 Light load - 11 minutes.

Mode 2 Medium load - 9 minutes.

Mode 3 Heavy load - 27 minutes.

Thus, the time to enter the test mode of the presented utility model is faster by:

Mode 1 Light load - 8 minutes.

Mode 2 Medium load - 3 minutes.

Mode 3 Heavy load - 11 minutes.

The process of temperature reaching the test mode of the utility model RU 186698 U1, 01/29/2019 and the present utility model is reflected in the graph (Fig. 12).

The operational and technical characteristics of this utility model are interconnected. Improved performance leads to improved performance

In the present description, the operational characteristics mean characteristics reflecting the ease of use by the operator of the utility model.

Improved performance is achieved through fewer device operations by the device operator, as a shorter period of time to enter the test mode; exclusion of the process of draining condensate and cleaning the drainage system, presented in the closest analogue of the declared utility model, which optimized the process of operating the device.

In the present description, technical characteristics mean a set of technical properties and parameters of a device that affect the operation of the device.

Improvement of technical characteristics is achieved due to the technical design of the device, which makes it possible to achieve the set result more quickly and with the use of fewer operations. The direction of the condensate of the drainage system to the tank of the humidification and heating unit made it possible to exclude the drainage system, as well as the number of operations performed with the device. The placement of a thermoelectric heater inside the circuit of the humidification and heating unit, due to which the set of the required DHW temperature (according to the requirements of GOST or other test requirements) occurs faster and without excessive loss of time and resources for heating the surface of the nozzle, which also leads to less time spent on leaving on the test mode, and therefore the amount of time spent by the operator to carry out the entire test.

Claims (3)

1. A stand for simulating external respiration of a person, designed for testing personal protective equipment for respiratory organs (RPE), including a frame on which the main pump is mounted, creating a pulsating flow with separated lines of inhalation and exhalation with the possibility of providing a return movement of the gas-air mixture (DHW) through the RPE, an exhalation line containing a humidification and heating unit equipped with an expansion barrel and a heating system, an inspiration line made in the form of a DHW cooling unit equipped with a tap for connection to an oxygen consumption simulation unit providing DHW extraction, including an auxiliary pump for DHW extraction for the inhalation phase and the release of hot water into the atmosphere during the exhalation phase, with the possibility of being actuated by a servo drive and control to simulate oxygen consumption in various modes of breathing, a gas composition control system made in the form of a gas analyzer, a carbon dioxide supply unit containing a device for regulating the flow of carbon dioxide about gas and passing carbon dioxide in the inhalation phase through the valve into the main pump, which is mixed with DHW, and sensors that provide feedback to the control unit, which has an interface for controlling the stand, with the ability to simulate different breathing modes, including a calculation unit made in the form microcontroller, recording the test protocol in automatic mode, a nitrogen supply unit containing a device for regulating the flow and pressure of nitrogen and made with the possibility of passing nitrogen in the inhalation phase through the valve into the main pump for mixing with DHW, while the main pump is connected to the lines of inhalation and exhalation through check valves, while the humidification and heating unit contains a thermoelectric heater located inside the circuit of the humidification and heating unit. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that it is retrofitted with a mannequin head located on the base, connected by pipes with a human head dummy, through which the return movement of hot water is provided through the mouth opening, separated by the inhalation and exhalation line connections with the RPE, for testing RPE equipped with face pieces in the form of a mask, half mask or hood. 3. A stand according to claim 2 with the possibility of pumping and heating the dummy head, equipped with a flexible heating element located at the base of the dummy head, an elastic covering of the dummy's head, equipped with a humidity sensor, thermocouples, a resistance sensor, regulated by a calculation unit, a blower with a check valve.

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