RU178355U1 - AUTOMATED TEST COMPLEX "ARTIFICIAL LIGHT" - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for testing breathing apparatus. The automated test complex “Artificial Lungs” is designed to test chemically bound oxygen isolating breathing apparatus (IDA). The complex contains a respiratory mixture flow inducer (GDS), the inlet and outlet of which is connected to an insulating breathing apparatus, forming a circulation circuit connected to carbon dioxide and water dosing systems, carbon dioxide and oxygen meters, temperature, breathing resistance and humidity, a dioxide dosing system carbon and stop valves. In the dosing line of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, in the discharge line of the GDS into the atmosphere and as a stimulator of the flow rate of the GDS, piston batchers are installed connected to linear actuators. Flexible tanks are installed in the lines for dosing carbon dioxide and nitrogen. A water bath and a GDS heater are installed in the circulation circuit at the entrance to the IDA, and a refrigerator connected at the outlet is connected through shut-off valves to a flow inducer and a discharge line to the atmosphere. The technical result is an increase in the reliability of the complex. 1 s.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for testing breathing apparatus on chemically bound oxygen.

A device is known - a test bench for breathing apparatus, containing an actuator connected to a data transmission device simulating human breathing, made in the form of a piston pump, to the output channel of the working chamber of which a breathing apparatus is connected, in which there is a gearbox and a gas cylinder. The device comprises a system of sensors connected to a data transmission means for controlling the test process (German patent No. 19627388, IPC АВВ 27/00, 1998).

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design. In addition, it is impossible to reproduce a real respiratory medium in this device, the composition of which changes during the test due to the discharge of part of the stream into the atmosphere, since during the operation of the regenerative product, more oxygen is usually released than absorbed by the user (the regeneration coefficient usually ranges from 1 , 1 to 1.2).

These shortcomings are due to structural features of the known technical solutions.

A device for testing a breathing apparatus is known, which contains a respiratory mixture flow inducer, a carbon dioxide and water dosing system, carbon dioxide and oxygen meters, temperature, respiratory resistance and humidity, and a flow stimulator is a main bellows, diaphragm or piston type pump that generates a pulsating respiratory flow mixtures with a change in volumetric flow close to sinusoidal (GOST R 12.4.220-2001).

This device is characterized by the following disadvantages: the inability to reproduce the operation of the device without dumping part of the GDS into the environment; - the impossibility of reproducing the dynamics of human breathing; - the impossibility of stepless regulation of the depth of respiration during the operation of the device; - the inability to reproduce various loads during operation of the device, which ultimately reduces the operational characteristics of the device for testing breathing apparatus.

These shortcomings are due to structural features of the known technical solutions.

These disadvantages are partially eliminated in the adopted for the prototype device for testing the breathing apparatus (US Pat. RF No. 2524906, IPC АВВ 27/00, publ. 2014). The known device comprises a breathing simulator in the form of a respiratory mixture flow inducer (GDS), the input and output of which are connected to the breathing apparatus, forming a circulation circuit connected to carbon dioxide and water dosing systems, based on flow meters, measuring carbon dioxide and oxygen, temperature , resistance to breathing and humidity, stimulant of the flow rate of the breathing mixture, carbon dioxide and water dosing system, meters of carbon dioxide and oxygen, temperature, resistance Ia breathing and moisture. The respiratory mixture flow stimulator is made in the form of a container connected to the circulating circuit of the working medium, in which a sleeve of elastic material is placed, the cavity of which is connected with the device under test. The circulation circuit of the working medium contains a pump and receivers connected to the tank through controlled valves, between which a differential pressure gauge is installed. The respiratory mixture flow inducer is connected to the input of the test device through the control valve and humidifier, and the outlet is connected to the carbon dioxide dosing line, the control valve and the flow stimulator, forming a circulation circuit of the respiratory mixture. A temperature sensor and measuring instruments for the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the breathing mixture are installed in front of the control valve. After the control valve, a temperature sensor and oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration meters are installed.

The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of changing the shape of the respiratory curve, which does not allow simulating various psychophysiological conditions of a person, and the implementation of mathematical and software of the automated control system of the respiratory coefficient complex is less than 1, because during testing, the performance of the regenerative cartridge IDA decreases, which leads to a decrease in this coefficient to 0.5-0.8.

These shortcomings are due to structural features of the known technical solutions.

The technical result provided by the utility model consists in creating a device that provides the ability to simulate the operation of the device under various psychophysiological conditions of a person by dumping part of the respiratory mixture into the environment, as well as reproducing the dynamics of a person’s breathing and the possibility of stepless regulation of the depth of breathing during operation, ensuring reproduction various loads during testing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the automated test complex "Artificial Lungs", characterized in that it contains a stimulator of the flow of the respiratory mixture (GDS), the input and output of which are connected to an insulating breathing apparatus, forming a circulation circuit connected to carbon dioxide and nitrogen dosing systems , measuring carbon dioxide and oxygen, temperature, breathing resistance and humidity, carbon dioxide dosing system and valves, in the dosing line carbon dioxide and nitrogen, in the discharge line of the GDS to the atmosphere and as a stimulator of the flow of the GDS, piston batchers are installed connected to linear actuators and flexible containers are installed in the dosing lines of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. A water bath and a GDS heater are installed in the circulation circuit at the entrance to the IDA, and a refrigerator connected at the outlet is connected through shut-off valves to a flow inducer and a discharge line to the atmosphere.

Between the distinguishing features and the achieved technical result, there is the following causal relationship.

Implementation of an automated test complex “Artificial Lungs” containing a respiratory mixture flow inducer (GDS), the inlet and outlet of which is connected to an insulating breathing apparatus, forming a circulation circuit connected to carbon dioxide and nitrogen dosing systems, measuring carbon dioxide and oxygen, temperature, resistance respiration and humidity, carbon dioxide dosing system and valves, in the line of dosing of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, in the line of discharge of GDS into the atmosphere and piston dosing units connected to linear actuators are installed as a stimulator of GDS consumption, and flexible containers are installed in the lines for dosing carbon dioxide and nitrogen. In the circulation circuit at the entrance to the IDA, a water bath and a GDS heater are installed, and at the outlet, a refrigerator connected through shut-off valves to a flow inducer and a discharge line of the GDS into the atmosphere provides a device that enables the simulation of the functioning of the human respiratory system in any psychophysiological state of a person intensive and normal load, in a static position, characterized by a minimum consumption of oxygen and a minimum emission of carbon dioxide, as well as reproduction the dynamics of human respiration and the possibility of stepless regulation of the depth of breathing during operation, providing the ability to reproduce various loads during testing. The use of electric actuator valves and linear actuators in combination with metering pumps allows the use of automated control systems from simple to the most complex, which makes the test complex universal.

According to the information available to the applicant, the set of essential features of the claimed utility model is not known from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the claimed object meets the criterion of "novelty."

The set of essential features characterizing the essence of the utility model can be repeatedly used in the production of various modifications of block automated boiler plants to obtain a technical result consisting in increasing efficiency and reliability, which allows us to conclude that the claimed object meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by an example of a specific implementation, where

in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an automated test complex "Artificial lungs";

in FIG. 2 shows a design variant of a flexible tank (longitudinal section);

in FIG. Figure 3 shows an isolating breathing apparatus (IDA) device.

The list of items indicated in the drawings:

1. an inducer of an expense (a simulator of breath);

2. insulating breathing apparatus (IDA);

3. two-way valve;

4. GDS heater;

5. water bath;

6. three-way valve;

7. two-way valve;

8. refrigerator;

9. two-way valve;

10. linear actuator;

11. carbon dioxide dosing system;

12. nitrogen dosing system;

13. carbon dioxide cylinder;

14. two-way valve;

15. flexible tank;

16. three-way valve;

17. pump - dispenser;

18. linear actuator;

19. a cylinder with compressed nitrogen;

20. two-way valve;

21. flexible tank;

22. three-way valve;

23. pump - dispenser;

24. linear actuator;

25. three-way valve;

26. pump - dispenser;

27. linear actuator;

28. two-way valve;

29. control and management unit;

30. node isolation of the respiratory system;

31. regenerative cartridge;

32. breathing bag.

The automated test complex "Artificial Lungs" contains a respiratory mixture flow stimulator (GDS) 1, the input and output of which are connected to an isolating breathing apparatus (IDA) 2, forming a circulating circuit. On the inspiratory line, IDA 2 is connected through a two-way valve 3, a GDS 4 heater, a water bath 5 and a three-way valve 6 with a flow inducer 1. On the exhalation line, IDA 2 is connected through a two-way valve 7, cooler 8, two-way valve 9 with a flow activator 1. flow 1 is made in the form of a piston dispenser and is equipped with a drive in the form of a linear actuator 10, which converts the electrical control energy into linear displacement.

The inspiratory circulation circuit through a three-way valve 6 is connected to a carbon dioxide dosing system 11 and a nitrogen dosing system 12. The carbon dioxide dosing system 11 contains a carbon dioxide cylinder 13 connected through a two-way valve 14 and a flexible tank 15 with a three-way valve 16, which is also connected with a metering pump 17 provided with a linear actuator 18. The nitrogen dosing system 12 contains a canister of compressed nitrogen 19 connected through a two-way valve 20 and a flexible tank 21 with a three-way valve 22, which it is also connected to a metering pump 23 equipped with a linear actuator 24. The outputs of the three-way valves 16 and 22 are connected to each other and to the three-way valve 6.

At the outlet of the refrigerator 8, the circulation circuit through a three-way valve 25 is connected to the atmosphere and the discharge line of the GDS, including a metering pump 26, equipped with a linear actuator 27. The refrigerator 8 is connected by a two-way valve 28 to the refrigerant supply line.

The input and output of IDA 2 are connected to a control and control unit 29, which provides measurement and maintenance of carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, oxygen content, humidity, respiratory resistance, and temperature of the incoming GDS and automatic control of metering valves and pumps. IDA 2 contains a node for the isolation of the respiratory system 30 in the form of a mask, half mask or mouthpiece, a regenerative cartridge 31 and a breathing bag 32.

The device operates as follows.

When the linear actuator 10 is turned on, the flow stimulator of the GDS 1 creates a pulsating flow of the gas respiratory mixture, similar to the air flow generated by the human lungs, alternately in the mode of inhalation and exhalation. When inhaling hot water from breathing bag 32 IDA 2 through a regenerative cartridge 31, isolation unit for respiratory organs 30, open two-way valve 21, refrigerator 20 and three-way valve 22 enters the cavity of the flow-inducing unit of hot water 1. When exhaling, the air from the cavity of the flow-inducing unit 1 passes through the open three-way valve 6 a water bath 5, an air heater 13 and a two-way valve 11 enters the IDA, sequentially filling the respiratory organs isolation unit 30, the regenerative cartridge 30 and the breathing bag 31.

To simulate breathing, IDA 2 receives a GDS with a relative humidity close to 100%, a temperature of 37-38 ° С, a carbon dioxide content of about 4% and an oxygen content of about 17-18% at a flow rate of 10 to 70 dm / min, which corresponds to the severity of the work performed by the user. In regenerative cartridge 31, exhaled air is purified by chemical interaction with the regenerative product (potassium superoxide) from carbon dioxide and enriched with oxygen. Briefly, the regeneration process consists in the interaction of water vapor with potassium superoxide in which oxygen and alkali are formed, which reacts with carbon dioxide to form carbonates. The oxygen content in this case increases to 21% and higher, and the carbon dioxide content decreases below the maximum permissible concentration of 2-3%. However, at the same time, the regenerated GDS delivered to the user's breath does not provide comfortable breathing due to low humidity and high temperature.

To create the required concentration of carbon dioxide at the entrance to the IDA 2, a carbon dioxide dosing system 11 is used, which is activated after the start of the flow meter of the GDS 1. From the carbon dioxide cylinder 13 through the open valve 14, the gas enters the flexible tank 15, after which the two-way valve 14 is closed and through an open three-way valve 16, carbon dioxide enters the dispenser pump 17 due to the removal of the piston of the dispenser 17 by a linear actuator 18. After that, the three-way valve 16 is switched and the dispenser pump 17 starts There is a dosage of carbon dioxide in the circulating flow of GDS. Because fed to the cleaning in IDA 2 GDS contains the necessary moisture (when passing through a water bath 5) and carbon dioxide in the regenerative cartridge 31 is the regeneration of GDS, in which there is a chemical absorption of carbon dioxide. When exhaling, the circulating GDS is cooled to a temperature comfortable for breathing - not higher than 30-32 ° C when passing through the refrigerator 20, the degree of cooling of the GDS is regulated by the flow rate of the refrigerant with a two-way valve 28. and after the heater with a water evaporator 7, the humidity of the GDS becomes close to 100%.

To simulate the breathing process, in which oxygen is absorbed, the three-way valve connected to the circulation circuit opens and the linear actuator 27 is turned on, while the metering pump 26 takes part of the exhaled GDS out of the circulation circuit and is discharged through the valve 28 into the atmosphere.

To compensate for the discharge of GDS, a nitrogen dosing system 12 is used, which is put into operation after the metering pump 26 is started. From the cylinder with compressed nitrogen 19, gas enters the flexible reservoir 21 through the open two-way valve 20, after which the two-way valve 20 closes and through the open three-way valve 22, nitrogen enters the dispenser pump 23 due to the withdrawal of the dispenser piston by a linear actuator 24. After this, the three-way valve 22 is switched and the dispenser pump 23 starts dosing of carbon dioxide into the circulating GDS flow.

Since the isolation unit of the respiratory organs 30 is connected to the inspiratory and expiratory lines of the circulation circuit, and each of these lines is pneumatically connected to the control and control unit 29, which allows you to control the GDS parameters at inspiration and at the outlet and control the position of the valves during startup and testing, and also set the operating modes of dosing pumps by applying a signal to linear actuators, and supplying carbon dioxide and nitrogen according to the test program and taking into account the discharge of part of the gas distribution system into the atmosphere

The device provides the discharge of part of the respiratory mixture into the environment and reproduces the dynamics of human breathing with the absorption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide, and also provides the possibility of stepless regulation of the depth of breathing during the testing of breathing apparatus.

Claims (2)

1. The automated test complex "Artificial Lungs", characterized in that it contains a stimulator of the flow of the respiratory mixture (GDS), the input and output of which are connected to an insulating breathing apparatus, forming a circulation circuit connected to carbon dioxide and nitrogen dosing systems, dioxide dioxide meters carbon and oxygen, temperature, breathing resistance and humidity, carbon dioxide dosing system and valves, in the line of dosing of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, in the discharge line DS into the atmosphere and as an incentive flow HDS piston mounted dispensers connected to linear actuators and dispensing lines carbon dioxide and nitrogen established flexible container. 2. The automated test complex according to claim 1, characterized in that a water bath and a GDS heater are installed in the circulation circuit at the entrance to the IDA, and a refrigerator connected at the outlet, connected through shut-off valves to a flow inducer and a discharge line to the atmosphere.

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