RU2076273C1 - Smoke stack - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat-power engineering; furnace devices equipment with flue gas discharge devices. SUBSTANCE: smoke stack consists of gas discharge shaft 2 with concentric outer pipe 3, nozzle 5 and flue gas purification system 9. Nozzle 5 is made in form of converging tube with outlet branch pipe 6 mounted at circular clearance around outer pipe forming mixing chamber 7. Outer pipe is provided with branch pipe 8 for connection with flue gas purification and circulation system 9 and is provided with bin 11 fitted with unloading branch pipe 12 in its bottom portion. Bin is located below branch pipe 8 which connects circular clearance of pipes with system 9. Nozzle 5 is provided with gas flow regulator made in form of damper 10 fitted in outlet branch pipe and/or in mixing chamber. EFFECT: selective purification of flue gases and enhanced efficiency of fuel burning. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of power engineering, and more particularly to furnace devices equipped with means for removal and purification of flue gases.

 Known furnace devices in which the chimney is mounted concentrically to the intake pipe and has a diffuser for emitting flue gases into the atmosphere [1] The disadvantages of the furnace device are environmental pollution due to the lack of a flue gas cleaning system, as well as a low fuel combustion coefficient.

The closest invention to this invention by its technical nature and the technical result achieved is a chimney containing a gas outlet trunk arranged concentrically with a gap and an outer pipe with a nozzle mounted on it [2]
A disadvantage of the known chimney is the low efficiency of fuel combustion and flue gas cleaning.

 The technical result of the invention is to improve the technical and environmental characteristics of the chimney.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known chimney containing the exhaust pipe concentrically with a gap and the outer pipe with a nozzle mounted on it, the latter is made in the form of a confuser with an outlet pipe installed with an annular gap around the outer pipe with the formation of a mixing chamber, and the outer pipe in the lower part is made with a pipe for connecting the annular gap to the flue gas recirculation cleaning system. In this case, the nozzles can be equipped with a gas flow regulator in the form of a damper installed in the outlet pipe and / or mixing chamber. The outer pipe in the lower part can be equipped with a hopper with a discharge pipe in the bottom, while the hopper is located below the pipe for connecting the annular gap with the flue gas cleaning and recirculation system.

 The drawing shows a chimney (vertical section).

 The chimney of the combustion device 1 comprises a gas outlet shaft 2 concentric with a gap and an outer pipe 3 mounted on supports 4 with a nozzle 5 mounted on it. The nozzle 5 is made in the form of a confuser with an outlet pipe 6 installed with an annular gap around the outer pipe 3 s the formation of the mixing chamber 7. In the lower part, the outer pipe 3 is made with a pipe 8 for connecting the annular gap with the system 9 for cleaning and recirculation of flue gases. The nozzles 5 are equipped with a gas flow regulator in the form of a shutter 10 (movable) installed in the outlet pipe 6 and / or the mixing chamber 7. The shutter 10 can be extended or rotated on the axis.

 The outer pipe in the lower part is equipped with a hopper 11 with a discharge pipe 12 in its bottom part. The hopper is located below the pipe 9 for connecting the annular gap to the flue gas cleaning and recirculation system and is separated by a grid 13 from the annular space of the outer pipe for the end of the recirculated flue gas stream.

 The system 9 for cleaning and recirculation of flue gases (in the form of a bubbler) is connected by a pipe 14 to a blow pump 15, which is connected by a pipe 16 through an ejector 17 to the combustion device 1.

 The chimney works as follows.

The flue gases generated during the combustion of fuel in the combustion device 1 under pressure (Q _H ) of natural and forced draft rise upward along the exhaust pipe 2 and, having reached the confuser, partially escape into the atmosphere through the pipe 6, and partially are reflected by the confuser into the annular gap between the exhaust pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3. Due to the ejection effect that occurs when the gas stream is rarefied in the mixing chamber 7, atmospheric air (Q _B ) is drawn into the annular gap between the walls of the chamber and the outer pipe. The smoke mixture enriched with atmospheric air (Q _SM goes down the outer pipe 3. When the gas mixture passes down the outer pipe 3, heavy particles and impurities fall out of it, which accumulate in the hopper 11, and the gas mixture partially cleaned from mechanical impurities is sent through the pipe 8 a wet cleaning device in the form of a bubbler is introduced into the flue gas cleaning and recirculation system 9. Passing through the active liquid bubbler medium 18, the gas mixture is additionally cleaned of harmful elements that, when entering into a chemical a reaction with the active medium, form compounds that precipitate together with inert substances in the precipitate 19. The slide gate 20 serves to periodically remove the sludge from the bubbler.

 The cleaned gas-air mixture with the remains of calorific compounds from unburned fuel compounds enters through the suction pipe 14 into the blower pump 15 and is pumped last through the pipe 16 to the combustion device. The ejector 17 further enriches the mixture with atmospheric air.

 The chimney provides multiple circulation of secondary gases with the afterburning of calorific substances and the capture of heavy particles and compounds. The degree of purification depends on the ratio of the diameters of the nozzle 6, the mixing chamber 7, the outer pipe 3 and the exhaust pipe 2. Reducing the opening of the nozzle 6 reduces the outlet of gases into the atmosphere, but increases the degree of purification. The regulation of the area of the nozzle opening and the annular gap of the camera is performed by shutters controlled mechanically from the lamp site 21 or automatically from the operator panel.

 Depending on the type of fuel or combustible substances (gas, coal, oil, household waste, polymers, etc.), various types of treatment devices can be used bubblers, cyclones, filters, combined dry and wet cleaning systems.

 The invention allows for the selective cleaning of flue gases, that is, to capture heavy particles and unburned fuel fractions, but to emit harmless oxides of burnt substances into the atmosphere. Unburned combustible substances after passing through the cleaning system and after enrichment with oxygen in the air are recycled to the furnace again. The cycle is repeated many times, and this recirculation provides a high degree of purification by simple means and increased efficiency of the combustion device.

Claims (3)

 1. A smoke pipe containing a gas outlet trunk arranged concentrically with a gap and an outer pipe with a nozzle mounted on it, characterized in that the nozzle is made in the form of a confuser with an outlet pipe installed with an annular gap around the outer pipe to form a mixing chamber, and the outer pipe is the lower part is made with a pipe for connecting the annular gap to the flue gas cleaning and recirculation system.  2. The pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is equipped with a gas flow regulator in the form of a damper installed in the outlet pipe and / or mixing chamber.  3. The pipe according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outer pipe at the bottom is equipped with a hopper with a discharge pipe in the bottom, and the hopper is located below the pipe to connect the annular gap to the flue gas cleaning and recirculation system.