RU207433U1 - VEHICLE COVERING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of military technology, in particular to devices for reducing the thermal signature of mobile units with a long-term engine running in the field position, including diesel generators, which makes it possible to increase the camouflage efficiency in the infrared (IR) range by reducing the temperature background of the exhaust pipe The device for reducing the temperature background of the exhaust pipe and gas of the vehicle consists of an internal combustion engine 1, a particulate filter 2, a water storage tank 3 with a pressure pump 4 attached to the bottom of the water storage tank 3 and connected to a water injection device 5 in the exhaust system, the device for water injection 5 is located 15 cm above the muffler 6 level, the multi-chamber water lock 7 with a horizontally dividing baffle 8 and a pipe for raising water through the center 9, providing muffling of exhaust noise with minimal back pressure, connected by the inlet pipe 10 to the muffler 6. The movement of the unmasking gas from the p A working internal combustion engine takes place along the hollow elements 11, 12 and the inlet pipe 10.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of military technology, in particular to devices for reducing the thermal signature of mobile units with a long-term engine running in the field position, including diesel generators, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of camouflage in the infrared (IR) range by reducing the temperature background of the exhaust pipe and gas.

One of the important tasks of camouflage is to hide ground-based mobile objects with heat sources installed inside, which are a unmasking sign of their functioning in the infrared range of the electromagnetic wavelength spectrum (EMW) in the conditions of conducting modern reconnaissance and targeting high-precision weapons according to the identified specific unmasking features and signs of their activities [Disguise of troops and military facilities: a tutorial / V.А. Krivilev, A.G. Bulakhov, S.S. Volkov. - M .: VIA, 1996. - 304 p.].

One of the ways that eliminates the presence of the main specific unmasking feature of the operation of a surface mobile object with heat sources installed inside the unit is to reduce the temperature of its heated parts by shielding them with simultaneous removal of the heat flow to places for its further forced cooling.

It is known that the main sources of radiation from moving objects are

visible heated engine parts;

the entire surface of the vehicle body;

traffic fumes.

In the total balance of infrared radiation, the exhaust pipe and gas account for up to 30-35%.

A device for masking moving objects is known (patent RU 2178137, published on 10.01.2002), containing an exhaust pipe placed on a vehicle with a second pipe and a fan installed on it, and the second pipe is equipped with a thermal insulating material, for example, foam, and the fan is installed opposite the exhaust cut pipes. A fan, installed opposite the exhaust pipe, blows cold air onto the exhaust stream, thereby directing the air flow against the direction of the exhaust outlet.

This device leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the engine, since the air flow created by the fan prevents the free exit of exhaust gases. It is often impossible to install the fan against the cut of the exhaust pipe, since the fan will go beyond the dimensions of the object.

The prototype of the proposed solution is a camouflage device (patent RU 2594475, published on 08/20/2016), containing a hollow element, inside which, during the operation of the device, the movement of the unmasking gas occurs, the hollow element is located end-to-end to the place where the unmasking gas appears, the exit and / or the fence of the unmasking gas with the use of the device due to the use of a hollow element occurs in a place and / or direction different from the place and / or direction of the exit and / or intake of the unmasking gas at the place where the unmasking gas appears and makes it difficult to detect and / or recognize the masked object, and / or aiming high-precision ammunition at the cloaked object, while the cloaking device may also include one or more fans creating a flow along the movement of the unmasking gas and / or heaters and / or coolers and / or other devices that change the state of the unmasking gas in order to reduce its unmasking properties and do not create x flow against the movement of the unmasking gas, including but not exclusively located inside the hollow element; in this case, the hollow element can be completely or partially located inside or outside the object to be masked, it can be a rigid and / or flexible structure consisting of separate elements with the possibility of connecting and disconnecting them or non-separable, and the hollow element can also be made of a material that hides at least one unmasking feature, including heat-insulating, and / or heat-reflecting, and / or having a camouflage color, and / or radio-absorbing, etc. in the same wavelength range and a means for attaching the simulator to the cloaked object, characterized in that the simulator is taken out of the dimensions of the cloaked object, including, but not exclusively, with the supply of unmasking gas to the simulator through the hollow element).

This device does not allow to completely exclude unmasking signs of a working diesel engine, such as: black, white and blue smoke of a long-running diesel engine, as well as the smell from exhaust gases. It is often impossible to install the fan against the cut of the exhaust pipe, since the fan will go beyond the dimensions of the object.

The task of the proposed utility model is to develop a device for removing the heat flow to places for its further forced cooling to the level of the background noise temperature, which makes it possible to reduce the temperature background and the level of exhaust gas noise, which stands for a long time in the field position of the unit with a constantly running propulsion engine or diesel generator. , which increases the efficiency of masking moving objects in the infrared range. It is assumed that the mobile object emitting exhaust gases is deployed in the field position, as for the most difficult situation to camouflage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a cooler made in the form of a water tank with a pressure pump fixed at the bottom of the water tank and located in front of the muffler, while the water injection point into the exhaust system is at least 15 cm above the muffler level, and a multi-chamber water lock with a horizontally dividing partition and a pipe is introduced rise of water through the center, connected to the outlet of the muffler.

Consequently, the claimed utility model meets the requirements of novelty.

The technical essence of the claimed utility model is presented in Fig. 1 and FIG. 2.

The vehicle camouflage device consists of an internal combustion engine 1, a particulate filter 2, a water storage tank 3 with a pressure pump 4 attached to the bottom of the water storage tank 3, connected to a device for injecting water 5 into the exhaust system, a water injection device 5 is located above muffler level 6 by 15 cm, multi-chamber water lock 7 with a horizontally dividing baffle 8 and a pipe for raising water through the center 9, providing muffling of exhaust noise with a minimum back pressure, connected by an inlet pipe 10 with a muffler 6. The movement of unmasking gas from a running internal combustion engine occurs along hollow elements 11, 12 and inlet 10.

The listed elements are interconnected by means of assembly operations with the formation of constructive unity and implementation of the declared utility model.

In the device for injecting water 5, installed in the hollow element 12 of the exhaust system, nozzles 13 are placed.

The hollow element 11 is located end-to-end to the place where the unmasking gas appears when the internal combustion engine 1 is running.

An exhaust gas temperature indicator is installed on the masked object (not shown in Fig. 1). This alarm provides a visual and audible alarm when the temperature in the exhaust line or muffler exceeds an acceptable level. Temperature sensors are located in the hollow element 12.

The vehicle camouflage device works as follows.

Perform assembly operations to form a constructive unity and implement the claimed utility model in accordance with FIG. 1.

After starting the internal combustion engine 1, the exhaust gases through the hollow element 11 enter the particulate filter 2. The exhaust gases entering the particulate filter 2 are cleaned by the filter element from solid particles and unburned fuel elements, then along the hollow element 12, equipped with a water injection device 5 fall into the muffler 6. Simultaneously, from the tank with the water supply 3 by the pressure pump 4, water is supplied to the device for injecting water 5, which is 15 cm above the level of the muffler 6. The water supplied by the pressure pump 4 is sprayed by nozzles 13 in the hollow element 12. A spray of water introduced into the hollow element 12 under pressure generated by the pressure pump 4 comes into contact in the hollow element 12 with exhaust gases that flow through the hollow element 12 in the form of a stream through the atomized water jet. Further, the exhaust gases mixed with sprayed water pass through the hollow element 12 into the muffler 6. During the movement of the exhaust gas mixture along the hollow element 12 and in the muffler 6, part of the water evaporates under the action of the heated exhaust gases.

The exhaust gases, which have a characteristic thermal contrast with the environment, mix with the injected water in the hollow element 12, thus lowering their temperature. The exhaust gas temperature can be lowered by 250 ° C, while the temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the diesel engine can reach 300-600 ° C. Part of the liquid to be cooled and combustion products get into the muffler chamber 6. Water mixes with the exhaust gases and lowers their temperature. Since mixing takes place in front of the muffler, there is a possibility of water remaining after stopping the engine, at certain positions of the mobile unit through the exhaust system into the engine cylinders. To exclude this phenomenon, the device for water injection 5 is located 15 cm above the level of the muffler 6. Further, the exhaust gases through the inlet pipe 10 enter the multi-chamber water lock 7 with a horizontally dividing partition 8 and a pipe for raising water through the center 9, which ensures muffling of exhaust noise with a minimum back pressure. Thus, the heat flux is removed from the internal combustion engine 1 beyond the dimensions of the cloaked object with its forced cooling to the background noise temperature level, which makes it possible to reduce the temperature background and the exhaust gas noise level, which is standing for a long time in the field position of the unit with a constantly running propulsion engine or diesel - a generator, which increases the efficiency of camouflaging moving objects in the infrared range, depending on the location of the camouflaged object and the requirements for its camouflage.

The proposed device makes it possible to significantly reduce the energy radiation of the exhaust gases and pipes of the mobile object, i.e. to smooth out the contrast of thermal radiation of the object and the surrounding background, which provides an increase in the masking efficiency in the IR range of EMW by 15-20%.

The criterion for not detecting an object is the condition:

контраст фона и отводимого теплового потока после охлаждения выхлопных газов.where -

contrast of the background and the removed heat flux after cooling the exhaust gases.

Thermal radiation is characterized by the density of radiation, which depends on the material and state of the surface, as well as the absolute temperature of the body. The radiation density is described by the brightness (radiation) temperature, the distribution of which over the object's surface determines the thermal "portrait" of the object.

In practice, they often use the temperature contrast of the surfaces of the object and the background, taken modulo [Masking troops and military objects: a tutorial / V.А. Krivilev, A.G. Bulakhov, S.S. Volkov. - M .: VIA, 1996. - 304 p.]:

,

,

where T _about , T _f is the radiation temperature of the object and background, respectively, in degrees Celsius or Kelvin.

по установленному критерию не обнаружения электроагрегата в ИК диапазоне спектра длин ЭМВ выполняется в установленном процессе поэтапного комбинированного охлаждения теплового излучения нагретых выхлопных газов двигателя внутреннего сгорания подвижного агрегата в процессе применения заявляемой полезной модели.The calculations carried out at an ambient temperature of 15 ° C to 20 ° C, relative air humidity ϕ = 65-70%, and a temperature of the radiation source 65-75 ° C when the object is located against a vegetative background with T _rf = 12-15 ° C show that the conditions are not detection

according to the established criterion of non-detection of the electric unit in the IR range of the EME length spectrum, it is performed in the established process of the stage-by-stage combined cooling of the thermal radiation of the heated exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine of the mobile unit during the application of the claimed utility model.

Thus, in the claimed utility model, the functionality of a camouflage device for a vehicle that has been standing for a long time in the field position of a unit with a permanently operating propulsion engine or a diesel generator has been expanded, which makes it possible to reduce the temperature background and the level of exhaust gas noise in the surface layer of the atmosphere to the level of the background noise temperature, which increases the efficiency of masking moving objects in the infrared range.

Claims (1)

Vehicle camouflage device, consisting of a cooler and a hollow element, which is located end-to-end to the muffler outside the camouflaged object and is made in the form of a flexible structure consisting of separate elements with the possibility of connecting and disconnecting them, characterized in that the cooler is made in the form of a water tank with a pressure pump fixed at the bottom of the water tank and located in front of the muffler, while the point of water injection into the exhaust system is at least 15 cm above the muffler level, and a multi-chamber water lock with a horizontally separating partition and a pipe for raising water through the center is introduced, connected to the muffler outlet.

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