RU2064427C1 - Loose material transportation device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: materials handling facilities; reloading of different loose materials from hoppers. SUBSTANCE: device has charging hopper, ejection chamber, material conduit with torch forming nozzle, ejector and water delivering manifold. Ejector unit is placed in chamber. Air line nozzle is replaceable and is mounted for axial displacement. Hopper is connected with chamber by means of coaxial unions arranged to form adjustable slot for taking in air from atmosphere. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 7 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for handling bulk materials from silos and can be used in various technologies with a fairly wide range of working materials: building mixtures of various compositions, concrete, sand, shot, etc.

 The device can be used in any industry, in particular for shotcrete shotcrete, lining, plastering, decorative protective and other coatings / as a sandblasting machine in foundry, shot blasting and sandblasting machines /.

 A device for reloading bulk materials, containing a hopper, located below the ejection chamber, mounted in it an air pipe for supplying compressed air with a nozzle at the end, a system for supplying compressed air to the material pipe with a torch forming nozzle and a collector for water supply / 1 /. Also known is a device for transferring bulk material, comprising a feed hopper, an ejection chamber located beneath it, a compressed air supply system connected to it, an air duct with a nozzle installed in the chamber, and a material duct with a torch forming nozzle / 2 /.

 However, when using known devices, it is possible to achieve optimization of the aerodynamic regime of suction and transportation of air-material mixture for one specific material.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a device that could be used in the transportation of materials of various properties.

 To solve this problem, the device provides for the possibility of changing the axial size of the ejection chamber, the distance between the confuser and the replaceable nozzle, as well as changing the internal profile of the mixing chamber and diffuser.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; in FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 section BB in figure 1.

 A device for transporting bulk materials consists of a loading hopper / 1 / and an ejection chamber / 2 / located below it with an aeration bottom / 3 /, located at an angle of 6-12 degrees to the horizon. In the ejection chamber / 2 / air duct / 4 / is installed, connected to the compressed air supply system.

 Compressed air from the system is also supplied under the aeration bottom / 3 /. At the outlet of the air duct, an ejector assembly is mounted in the end part of the ejection chamber, including an adapter mounted at the end of the air duct / 4 / sleeve / 5 /, into which a replaceable nozzle / 6 / is installed with the possibility of adjusting its axial position, confuser / 7 /, blades / 8 /, serving to swirl the flow of air-material mixture. The ejector unit is located in the ejection chamber / 2 / with the possibility of axial movement due to a threaded connection. The material pipe / 9 / is connected to the ejector unit with a replaceable adapter / 10 /. The change of adapter / 10 / provides the ability to change the internal profile of the mixing chamber and diffuser / 1 /. At the end of the material pipeline / 9 / a torch-forming nozzle / 12 / is mounted. The material pipe / 9 / is equipped with a collector / 13 / for supplying water and an ejector / 14 / for supplying air.

 An ejector / 14 / for supplying air can be located both in front of the collector / 13 / and behind it. The loading hopper / 1 / is located above the ejection chamber / 2 / by means of coaxially arranged fittings / 15 / and / 16 /. The union / 15 / is rigidly fixed in the ejection chamber / 2 /, and the union / 16 / is removable and consists of shells to change its diameter and flange. The fittings / 15 / and / 16 / are arranged to form a slit for suctioning air from the atmosphere, a slit for sucking air from the atmosphere serves to ensure the necessary saturation of the material with air, as well as to quench the reverse turbulent air flows into the ejection chamber. Between the flanges of the fittings / 15 / and / 16 / an adjustable clearance is provided, provided by embedded adjusting elements / 17 /. Thus, the flow rate of the intake air has double adjustment due to the interchangeability of the fittings and due to the interchangeability of the adjusting elements. A check valve / 18 / is installed under the loading hopper.

The device can operate in two modes:
a / with adjustable intake of air from the atmosphere;
b / c check valve.

 The operation of the device in mode "a" is as follows. Through the air duct / 4 / compressed air is supplied to the sleeve / 5 /, and passing through the replaceable nozzle / 6 /, the air stream is accelerated and, ejecting the surrounding air, creates a vacuum in the ejection chamber / 2 /. Under the bottom / 3 /, compressed air is also supplied, aerating additionally bulk material, which is poured from the loading hopper / 1 /, bypassing the compartment with the open non-return valve / 18 / and the nozzle / 16 /. In the ejection chamber / 2 / due to the air drawn in from the atmosphere, as well as the air entering through the aeration bottom / 3 /, the material is saturated with air / aerated /, the pseudo-precipitated material-air mixture is also ejected through the confuser / 7 /, adapter / 10 /, the mixing chamber and the diffuser is transported through the material pipe / 9 / to the torch forming nozzle / 12 /. In this case, the suction stream of the air-material mixture swirls due to the shape of the screed blades / 8 /. The swirl directed into the material pipe / 9 / stream increases the productivity of the device.

 Next, the mixture through the material pipe / 9 / enters the nozzle / 12 / through successively arranged ejector / 14 / with a finger nozzle, which serves to reduce pressure losses in the material pipe and improve the parameters of the torch, and a collector / 13 / water supply, which provides wetting of the dry mixture to form torch with the desired consistency. In the absence of a source of water pressure or, if necessary, automatic linking of the water flow rate in the collector / 13 / and compressed air in the ejector / 14 / ejector / 14 / is placed after the collector / 13 /. In this case, the water enters the line due to the vacuum in front of the ejector / 14 / and its flow rate is determined by the magnitude of this vacuum.

 The operation of the device in mode "b" is as follows. If the material used is such / for example, waterlogged / that when working with it, the risk of filling the material pipeline increases, then the installation is reset as follows. The slit of air suction from the atmosphere is closed / embedded control elements are removed / 17 // ejection chamber / 2 / is sealed. When filling the material pipe / 9 /, the pressure in the ejection chamber / 2 / increases, the discharge opening of the hopper is blocked by a non-return valve / 18 /, after which the pressure continues to increase, purges the material pipe, after which it drops, the non-return valve / 18 / opens, the system returns to its original state .

Claims (7)

 1. A device for transporting bulk materials, mainly for shotcrete, containing a loading hopper, an ejection chamber located below it, an air duct with a nozzle installed in the chamber and an ejector assembly with blades for swirling the flow, mounted at the outlet of the ejection chamber, a material conduit with a torch-forming nozzle and a system compressed air supply, characterized in that the ejector unit is axially displaceable, includes a sleeve and a confuser mounted on the air duct, with of the connections between the blades to a flow swirl nozzle is removable and is disposed in the sleeve in an axially displaceable and connected to the conveyor line by means of a removable adapter confuser and provided with a nozzle arranged prior fakeloformiruyuschim ejector and the reservoir through passage for the water supply.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the feed hopper and the ejection chamber are interconnected by means of fittings arranged coaxially with the formation of an adjustable gap for suction of air from the atmosphere.  3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the feed hopper is equipped with a check valve.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the passage ejector of the material pipe is located in front of the collector for supplying water.  5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the passage ejector of the material pipe is located behind the water supply manifold.  6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the feed hopper is connected to the ejection chamber by means of an elastic gasket to use the vibrations of the hopper that occur when loading it to improve the sliding of the working material along its walls.  7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interchangeable adapter is made with a different profile of the internal section.

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