RU205666U1 - Bottom-hole space inerting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of blasting operations. The technical result is to increase the structural and operational safety due to the use of a modular arrangement in the design of the inerting device. The device for inerting the bottomhole space includes a cup-shaped body, closed with a lid and filled with inerting powder. Inside there is an explosive charge wrapped with adhesive tape, spraying an inerting powder during the initiation of the detonator, next to which there is an element of the non-electric system for initiating the blast network of the face. The device is made of two modules, the first of which is a housing filled with an inerting powder with a cover, and the second is an assembly of an explosive charge wrapped with adhesive tape with a detonator and an element of a non-electric system for initiating an explosive network. Inside the body there is a glass, the open end of which is communicated with the external environment through the bottom of the body, the second module in the form of an assembly is placed in the specified glass and sealed with clay wad in the area of the open edge of this glass. In the specified assembly, the detonator for initiation of the explosive charge is inserted into the explosive charge from the side of the clay wad. The element of the non-electric initiation system includes a shock-wave tube located along and on the side of the specified charge to initiate the blasting network of the face when initiating the detonator, while the body, lid and glass are made of cardboard. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of blasting operations in the mining industry and is designed to provide preliminary inertization of the bottomhole space of mine workings by spraying a loose fire extinguishing composition before the explosion of borehole charges initiated by devices of a non-electric initiation system during blasting operations in mines hazardous for gas and / or dust.

Inerting is the partial or complete replacement of air or a combustible atmosphere with an inert gas. Inertization - reducing the oxygen content in the mine atmosphere to a level that ensures the explosion safety of the mine atmosphere; it is usually less than 9% by volume of oxygen, versus 20% by volume in a normal mine atmosphere suitable for human stay.

The replacement of the explosive atmosphere with an inert one is a guarantee that the mine atmosphere in the near-wellbore space of the mine will be "indifferent" to any negative situations arising during blasting operations. For this purpose, sprayed inhibitors, inert gases, and inert dust are used. The use of inert gases in the bottomhole zone is based on the fact that a plug (partition) of inert gases with a thickness of about 1.5 m in the working guarantees the localization of an outbreak of methane or coal dust and does not allow an outbreak to develop if the center is located close to the bottomhole.

Currently, when conducting drilling and blasting operations in mines of explosion-hazardous gases of the mine atmosphere and / or coal dust, devices are used to suppress the combustion and explosion of methane-air mixtures in the bottomhole space.

A device for inerting the bottomhole space is known, containing a container with an inerting agent and a charge spraying the inerting agent in a free-flowing or liquid form, which can be placed in an elastic shell, in the center of the bottom of the container body there is an opening in the form of a stepped cylinder, and in the center of the container lid there is a hole in the shape of a cylinder with a longitudinal groove for placing the wires of the safety electric detonator (ED), holes in the center of the bottom of the body and the center of the container lid, together with a tube made of paper, form a through channel for placing a bundle of shock-wave tubes of a non-electric initiation system, spraying charge is a segment of a detonating cord with a safety ED wound on a plastic frame made in the form of a hollow thin-walled cylinder with at least three internal longitudinal ribs, located outside the tube, the safety ED wires are removed s outward through the groove in the cylindrical opening of the container lid (RU 2693986, E21F 5/14, F42D 3/04, publ. 07/08/2019).

This decision was taken as a prototype.

The known inerting device is manufactured at the factory and arrives at the blasting site assembled and fully equipped. In such an assembled and assembled state, the known industrially manufactured device belongs to the category of explosive materials that are susceptible to an initiating pulse from the primary means of initiation (detonator cap, detonating cord, etc.). Devices susceptible to primary means of initiation are classified as substances of class 1.1 (according to GOST 19433-88 "Dangerous goods").

Naturally, the storage and transportation of such explosive products should be accompanied by a number of measures, which include the safe removal of storage places from people and surrounding objects, the exclusion of detonation transfer between cars during transportation and stacks during storage of explosives, the use of specialized vehicles, and handling operations. only on special sites designed and equipped for work with hazardous goods of hazard class "1", etc. The implementation of these measures is based on preventing the likelihood of an explosion and causing harm to people and the environment. But such measures are an integral component inherent in the use of explosives of class 1. At the same time, these measures are an element of complicating and increasing the cost of the process of not only manufacturing explosives, but also their delivery to the destination, which leads to a delay and reduces the promptness of deliveries to remote regions. who use explosives industrially in their work.

The well-known solution is quite complicated in terms of design. This is due to the use of a body in the form of a truncated cone, which is closed from the side of the larger base with a removable cover. In this case, through holes are made in the bottom and the cover, decorated with tubular flanges, which are used to hold a tubular element inserted into the body, on the outer surface of which a ribbed bushing is fixed with a safety electric detonator mounted on it with wires for its initiation. A bundle of shock-wave tubes of a non-electric initiation system is passed through the through hole of the housing. The layout does not correspond to manufacturability and cannot be repaired or restored in the event of, for example, failure of a safety detonator or a detonating cord, the end of which is brought out through a separate hole in the cover. At the same time, the issue of fixing the bundle of shock-wave tubes of the non-electric initiation system in the tube of the through hole remains not disclosed, since the housing does not provide means for retaining this beam in this tube.

It is clear that the implementation of the body of a shaped structure with internal flanges and stepped transitions in the bottom zone is possible only when using a polymer material and methods of molding products from this material.

The present utility model is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the structural and operational safety through the use of a modular layout in the design of the inertization device.

The specified technical result for the device is achieved in that the device for inerting the bottomhole space, containing a glass-shaped body, closed with a lid and filled with an inerting powder, while an explosive charge (explosive cartridge) wrapped with adhesive tape is placed inside, spraying the inerting powder upon initiation of the detonator, next to which contains the element of the non-electric system of initiation of the blasting network of the face, is made of two modules, the first of which is a housing filled with inerting powder with a cover, and the second is an assembly of an explosive charge (cartridge) wrapped with adhesive tape with an electric detonator and an element of a non-electric system of initiation of an explosive network, inside the housing a glass is placed, the open end of which is communicated with the external environment through the bottom of the case, the second module in the form of an assembly is placed in the specified glass and sealed with a clay wad in the area of the open edge of this glass, while in the specified assembly det the initiator for the initiation of the explosive charge is inserted into the explosive charge from the side of the clay wad, and the element of the non-electric initiation system includes a shock-wave tube located along and on the side of the specified charge for the subsequent initiation of the explosive network of the face during the initiation of the detonator installed on the free end of the shock-wave tube leaving the device, while the body, lid and glass are made of cardboard.

The clay wad is sealed in plastic wrap or the clay wad is wrapped with adhesive tape.

These features are essential and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the required technical result.

The present utility model is illustrated by a specific example of execution, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the required technical result.

FIG. 1 shows a housing for a bottomhole inerting device;

in fig. 2 shows the assembly of the bottomhole inertization device.

According to this utility model, the design of the bottomhole inertization device is considered, made on the basis of a modular design, which makes it possible to increase its maintainability, interchangeability for components and manufacturability. These features ensure high safety both during storage and transportation of devices, and during blasting operations.

The device is designed to inert the bottomhole space by spraying inerting powder before the explosion of borehole (borehole) charges during blasting operations in mines and mines hazardous in gas and / or dust, or for which a "gas mode" is set.

Structurally, the device under consideration is made according to a modular layout, in accordance with which the case, filled with inerting powder, is a separate first module, and an explosive charge wrapped with adhesive tape, spraying an inerting agent when initiating an electric detonator, the electric detonator itself and elements of a non-electric initiation system are a separate second module ...

In the device under consideration, the first module is a cup-shaped body 1, closed by a lid 2. In a preferred embodiment, the body is made in the form of a cylindrical cup. But there is nothing to limit the implementation of the body of a square shape in cross-section, or oval or polygonal. The specification of the cross-sectional view of the body is not important for the function of storing the inerting powder assigned to the body as a container 3. The cup-shaped body is made of cardboard according to the technologies of cardboard production: it contains a shell in the form of a tubular body, into which the bottom is sealed from one open end 4. A central hole is made in the bottom, reinforced with a cylindrical flange 5 oriented towards the inside of the body cavity (Fig. 1). The cover is made in the shape of the cross-section of the body and is put on the body from above with an interference fit or with elements of its gluing to the body wall. After filling the cavity of the body with the inerting powder, the cover is fastened to the body. A rigid and non-removable connection of the lid to the body is preferred, but there is nothing to limit the possibility of using the embodiment of the body with a removable lid.

Inside the body there is a glass 6, the open end of which is put on the flange 5 and fastened to it, for example, by interference or due to the forces of adhesive adhesion. The bottom 7 of this glass is directed towards the lid 2. And the discarded end of this glass, put on the flange 5, is in communication with the surrounding (external) environment. Thus, from the side of the bottom of the body, free access to the cavity of the glass 6 is formed. The glass is also made of cardboard according to the technologies of cardboard production: it contains a shell in the form of a tubular body, into which the bottom is sealed from one open end.

The inerting powder fills the space in the body, bounded by the wall of the body, the wall of the glass 6 and its bottom and lid 2.

As a cardboard for the elements of the body and glass 6, dense moisture-proof or moisture-proof cardboard or electrical cardboard, or cardboard coated with waterproof varnish, or cardboard with polymer dusting on the outer wall can be used. A requirement for such a cardboard is its rigidity, which should ensure the retention of the spatial shape and not be subject to inelastic collapse of the side wall of the body. The thickness of the cardboard is selected from the condition of ensuring the possibility of stacking the cases filled with powder in a warehouse or storage and on the basis that the wall of the case will not swell under the weight of the powder.

The use of cardboard allows to impart shock-absorbing properties to the body. When hitting the side wall, the latter flexes elastically and, under the action of the elastic forces of the cardboard, restores its shape.

As an inerting powder, you can use, for example, ISTO-1 fire extinguishing powder containing ammonium sulfate, with an average service life of up to 10-15 years (GOST R 53280.4-2009, meets the requirements of NPB 170-98). Recommended for use in mining and underground workings under any climatic conditions. Safe, no toxic effects during handling and use during application and fire. Until now, the mechanism of action of powders is not yet clear enough. The ability of powders to neutralize the environment is due, as practice shows, the dilution of the environment with gaseous decomposition products of the powder or directly with a powder cloud and the inhibition of chemical reactions causing the evaporation of powders or heterogeneous chain termination on the surface of powders or solid products of their decomposition (Report on research work " Investigation of the possibility of using wastes from the production facilities of Sibsol JSC and Kremniy CJSC to obtain highly effective general-purpose fire-extinguishing powder compositions ”(final) Introduction).

In the process of spraying powders with the help of an explosion, their additional grinding occurs, as a result of which the activation of surface atoms can be achieved. During the explosive crushing of particles of matter, the surfaces of the faults pass not only between molecules, but also between atoms. The formed particles of the inhibiting powder have chemical centers on the surface that actively react with other molecules. Over time, the chemical activity of dust decreases, as the chemical centers are saturated as a result of reactions with atmospheric oxygen. Ultimately, the powder dust becomes chemically inactive (NR Shevtsov "Explosion protection of mine workings during their construction (lecture notes)", study guide, Donetsk, "Novy Mir", 1998, p. 117).

With this design, the body is a complete module that can be stored for a long time in a regular material warehouse without consequences for both cardboard and powder. During storage, the entrance opening into the cavity of the glass 6 is sealed with clay wad 8 (in the area of the open edge of this glass). When storing the packed body, the wad is sealed in a polyethylene film, which makes it easy to remove it from the glass 6 before filling the cavity of the glass with elements of the second module.

The second module is an independent unit, which includes an explosive charge 9, which is used to spray inerting powder 3 during the initiation of an electric detonator 10, an electric detonator 10 inserted into the charge, made in the form factor of a glass cavity, as well as an element of a non-electric initiation system, which is shock-wave tube 11 (a detonator cap with a deceleration time of at least 400 ms is installed on the free end of the shock-wave tube leaving the device) inserted into the explosive charge from the side of the clay wad 12 on the side of the charge and along it to initiate the explosive network slaughter during the initiation of the detonator. In this case, all these elements are laid in a shape corresponding to the shape of the cavity of the glass 6. After giving these units this shape, the assembly is wrapped with adhesive tape 13. In this form, this module can be stored in a warehouse separately from the body with the powder and from the storage location of the latter.

When assembling the device, the second module is inserted into the cavity of the glass 6 of the body (pre-wad is removed), the cord 14 of the detonator and the wire from the shock-wave tube 15 are brought out through the open opening in the glass, and the opening is closed with a clay wad, which is wrapped with adhesive tape (increased adhesion with glass cardboard 6). In this case, both new clay wad 12, wrapped with adhesive tape, and wad 8, from which the plastic film was removed and wrapped with adhesive tape, can be used as wad.

The use of wads from clay has a number of advantages, for example, over clay wads or wads from other materials, which keep a static shape. The wad is used in cases where it is necessary to block the communication of half between each other or to compact the charge. Clay in a wet state has a high plasticity, which allows it to take the shape of the place in which such a wad is inserted. After that, the wad dries up. In our case, the sealing of the glass cavity in the body is ensured by a wet wad in a film, which makes it easy to pull out such a wad due to weak adhesion to the cardboard. And when fully assembled, that is, when the second module is inserted into the first one, the plasticity of the wad allows, when sealing the second module, to form channels for the output of the cord 14 of the detonator and the wire 15 from the shock-wave tube to the outside and at the same time to seal the opening.

Delivery and transportation of modules to the place of blasting operations is not dangerous, since modules exhibit explosion hazard only when assembled together. The complete assembly of the modules can be carried out directly at the blasting site. If the second module fails or it is found to be incomplete or if the lead ends of the electric detonator cord are missing, it can be removed from the glass 6 and replaced with a new one.

The bottomhole space inertization device works as follows. The inerting device is located near the face chest. The output of the cord 14 of the electric detonator is mounted in an electrical explosive network. Then an explosive charge is initiated by an electric detonator, ignition and rupture of the wall of the cup 6 occurs. The gas pressure in the cavity of the casing increases, which leads to rupture of the casing wall or to the ejection of the lid or to the rupture of the casing lid. Under pressure, the inerting powder is distributed over the volume of the bottomhole space. Simultaneously with the actuation of the detonator and the explosive charge, the shock-wave tube 15 is initiated, from which the detonator cap is initiated, the installed free end of the shock-wave tube emerging from the device, with a predetermined deceleration (about 400 ms). The specified detonator cap gives out a pulse to the initiating elements of the main blast-hole charges loaded with explosives. By the time the signal from the shock-wave tube is issued, the bottomhole volume is already filled with an initiating agent. A dangerous gas-dust mixture located in the space of a mine working and mixed with an inerting agent completely excludes the possibility of its ignition. This completes the work of the inerting device.

The system works in a similar way when starting a pyrotechnic gas generator: intensive gas evolution occurs. The gases aerate the inerting powder in the module housing and bring it to a fluidized state. When the pressure rises to the calculated one, the membrane is opened and the powder is ejected. Pyrotechnic gas generators create the required pressure in 0.5 ... 0.8 s and maintain it during the entire operation of the module up to 15 s, providing a fire extinguishing powder flow rate of 10 ... 80 kg / s (Alikin V.N., Milekhin Yu.M., Pak Z .P., Lipanov AM, Serebryannikov S.Yu., Sokolovsky MI and others "Gunpowder, fuel, charges", T. 2 "Charges for national economic purposes", M, "Chemistry", 2004). In this case, a cardboard body of the first module is used as a membrane, which opens up along previously applied incisions. For a salvo ejection of a powder agent on the body or on the lid, places of weakened section in the form of notches or lines can be made, under which the thickness of the wall or lid of the body is less than the average thickness of the wall of the body or lid. A design is possible, according to which the cover is fixed to the body with partial gluing of the contact points. With an increase in the gas pressure in the body, the cover is torn off from the places of gluing and is thrown to the side.

This utility model is industrially applicable. Allows to increase the safety of operation, storage and transportation of the device due to the fact that the modules are separated in the warehouse and during transportation and do not form a common integral structure.

In this case, only the module containing the explosive cartridge is explosive. It should be stored in special warehouses for explosive materials and transported with additional security measures. A module containing a body filled with fire extinguishing powder is a non-hazardous cargo, can be stored in material warehouses without observing additional security measures, transported by any means of transport without observing special security measures.

Thus, the proposed modular design of the device will further reduce the volume of transportation and storage of explosives. Because the prototype, not having a modular design, is transported and stored as an explosive material.

At the same time, the maintainability of the device is significantly increased due to the possibility of replacing one of the modules, which became possible to do directly at the site of blasting operations.

Claims (3)

1. A device for inerting the bottomhole space, containing a glass-shaped body, closed with a lid and filled with an inerting powder, while inside there is an explosive charge wrapped with adhesive tape, spraying the inerting powder when initiating a detonator, next to which an element of a non-electric system of initiation of an explosion network of a bottomhole is located, characterized in that that the device is made of two modules, the first of which is a housing filled with an inerting powder with a lid, and the second is an assembly of an explosive charge wrapped with adhesive tape with a detonator and an element of a non-electric system for initiating an explosive network, a glass is placed inside the housing, the open end of which is communicated through the bottom of the housing with the external environment, the second module in the form of an assembly is placed in the specified glass and sealed with a clay wad in the area of the open edge of this glass, while in the specified assembly the detonator for initiating an explosive charge is inserted into the explosive charge from the side clay wad, and the element of the non-electric initiation system includes a shock-wave tube located along and on the side of the specified charge to initiate the blasting network of the face when initiating the detonator, while the body, lid and glass are made of cardboard. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clay wad is sealed in a plastic wrap. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clay wad is wrapped with adhesive tape.

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