RU2051266C1 - Electronic-mechanical lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: locking devices. SUBSTANCE: electronic-mechanical lock comprises executing mechanism 1, locking mechanism 2, blocking mechanism 3, converter unit 13, counter 5, cycle number changing switch 6, "AND" element 7, memory unit 8, coincidence unit 9, triggers 4 and 12, generator 10, indicator 11. EFFECT: reliability. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for protecting objects from unauthorized access, in particular to electronic-mechanical locks.

 The technical result of the invention is the provision of opening the combination lock with a conventional key, which opens a mechanical lock.

 The drawing shows a functional diagram of the device.

 The device comprises an actuator 1, a locking mechanism 2, an unlocking mechanism with a key 3, an error trigger 4, a counter 5, a cycle number switch 6, an And 7 element, a memory unit 8, a matching unit 9, a generator 10, an indication unit 11, an unlocking trigger 12 converter 13.

 The device operates as follows.

 When preparing the lock for operation, in the memory unit 8, the pre-selected M code symbols are set in random order (established code).

 In the initial (closed) state of the electronic-mechanical lock (hereinafter referred to as the lock), the electrical part is de-energized (turned off). The bolt of the locking mechanism 2 is in the extended state and is mechanically blocked by the actuating unit 1, which excludes the opening of the lock. Visual access to the display unit 11 is closed, for example, by a mechanical shutter, which masks the electronic-mechanical lock to a conventional mechanical lock.

 The real carrier (key) of the unlocking mechanism 3 is kinematically connected with the locking mechanism 2 and through it with the converter unit 13, which converts the mechanical effects of the key of the unlocking mechanism 3 (hereinafter referred to as the key) into electrical signals.

 The unlocking mechanism 3 has four positions.

 In the first (initial) position of the unlocking mechanism 3, the lock is closed and locked by the actuating unit 1, the key can be entered or removed from the unlocking mechanism.

 When you turn the key at a certain angle in the direction of the mechanical unlocking of the locking mechanism 2, the unlocking mechanism 3 is installed in the second position. In this position, visual access to the display unit 11 is opened, for example, the mechanical shutter is moved or rotated. The mechanical impact coming from the key through the locking mechanism 2 to the converter unit 13 results in the latter turning on the power to the electrical part of the lock, for example, a micro switch.

 When the power is turned on by the initial installation unit (not shown), the trigger 4 of the error is set, the trigger 12 of the unlock and the counter 5 are reset, and the generator 10 starts.

 The counter 5, having established itself in its initial state, supplies the binary number of the first cycle of code input to the inputs of switch 6 of the cycle number. The number of outputs L of the counter 5 is defined as the minimum number satisfying the inequality 2L> M, for example, with M 6L 3.

 The switch 6 of the output cycle number 1 selects from the memory unit 8 and connects the first character of the set code to the first group of inputs of the convergence to binary number block 9.

 After starting, the generator 10 starts to produce a continuously repeated sequence of N binary numbers, for example a sequence of binary numbers from 0 to 9. The number of repetitions of the sequence is not limited, which hides the number of characters in the installed code. The number of outputs from the generator 10 is defined as the minimum number satisfying the inequality 2C≥N, for example, when N 10C 4.

Setting M code symbols in the memory unit 8 with the sequence length N provides the number of possible combinations K of the set code, where K NM, for example, with M 3-6 and with N 10K10 ³ -10 ⁶ .

 At the end of each sequence, the generator 10 generates a signal for the end of the next sequence to input 2 of the unlock trigger 12.

 The operation of the generator 10 stops only when the electric part of the lock is de-energized.

 From the output of the generator 10, the binary numbers go to the second group of inputs of the coincidence unit 9 and to the indication unit 11.

 In the indicating block 11, the sequence of N binary numbers is converted and displayed as a sequence of N characters, an arbitrary combination of which constitutes a set code, for example, a sequence of digits from 0 to 9.

 When the key is turned a larger angle towards the mechanical unlocking of the locking mechanism 2, the unlocking mechanism 3 is set to the third position. A further rotation is blocked by the executive unit 1. Mechanical action from the key through the locking mechanism 2 to the converter unit 13 results in the output of the selection signal by the output 1 (with suppression of contact bounce if necessary).

 When presented for a time sufficient to make a decision on the choice of a symbol, by the symbol indication unit 11 corresponding to the first symbol of the set code, it is necessary to set the key in the third position.

 The selection signal from the output 1 of the converter unit 13 is fed to input 1 of the trigger 4 errors.

 When the coincidence in block 9 matches the binary numbers received by the first and second group of inputs, a match signal appears on its output, which goes to input 2 of trigger 4 of the error.

 If there is a match signal at input 2 at the time of the appearance of the selection signal at input 1, the trigger for error 4 remains in its original state.

 If there is no match signal (mismatch between the characters selected and set) at input 2, at the time of the appearance of the selection signal at input 1, the trigger 4 of the error switches from the initial to the error code input state and saves this state until the electric part of the lock is de-energized.

 The signal from the output of trigger 4 errors is fed to the input of 1 element And 7.

 When the key is returned from the third to the second position, the selection signal is removed from the output 1 of the converter unit 13 and an inverse signal is generated at the output 2 of the same unit, which is fed to the input of the counter 5. By this signal, the counter 5 changes its state and feeds to the inputs of the switch 6 cycles binary number of the next cycle to enter the lock unlock code.

 The switch 6 of the cycle number by the next output selects from the memory unit 8 and connects to the first group of inputs of the coincidence unit 9 the next character of the set code converted to binary number.

 Entering the following up to the Mth character is done in the same way.

 After entering the Mth character of the code at M = 1 of the output of the block of the cycle switch 6, a signal appears that is fed to input 2 of the And 7 element, allowing the state signal to pass from the output of trigger 4 of the error (initial or error) to input 1 of trigger 12 of unlocking.

 When the signal from the generator 10 of the end of the next sequence signal to input 2 and the signal of the initial state of the error trigger 4 to the input 1 of the unlock trigger 12 is received, an enable signal is generated at its output to the input of the executive unit 1. Synchronization of the unlock trigger 12 by the end sequence signal hides the last character the entered code from an outside observer, as well as from listening to the actuation of the executive unit 1.

 When a permission signal is received from the output of the unlock trigger 12, the executive unit 1 removes the mechanical lock from the mechanism 20, allowing the unlock mechanism 3 to be moved to the fourth position (the electronic part of the lock is unlocked).

 With a further turn of the key (after unlocking the electronic part), the lock is mechanically unlocked. The bolt of the locking mechanism 2 is transferred from the extended state to the one entered into the lock.

 The unlocking mechanism 3 is set to the fourth position. In this position, the visual access to the display unit 11 is closed. Block-converter 13 removes power from the electrical part of the lock. The castle is open.

 The lock is closed by turning the key of the unlocking mechanism 3 in the opposite direction until it is installed in the first position.

 A specific implementation of the blocks of the device can be carried out, for example, as follows.

 The set of blocks 2 and 3 is similar to the set of blocks 10 and 11 (3) with the addition of a function to select the character of the input code.

 The key unlocking mechanism 3 is a well-known unique key cylinder.

 The locking mechanism 2 is a conventional mechanical lock mechanism, modified (if necessary) to control the mechanical shutter of the display unit 11 and to transfer mechanical influences to the converter unit 13, the deadbolt of which is modified to be locked by the actuator 1.

 The actuator 1 is, for example, an electromagnetic mechanism controlled by a composite transistor.

 The block converter 13 is a converter of mechanical stresses into electrical signals, for example a contact microswitch, and a standard chatter suppression circuit.

 The trigger 4 errors can be implemented on the trigger and the element And, the inverse output of the trigger is connected to the second input of the element And, the output of which is connected to the D-input of the trigger, from the direct output of which the output signal is taken.

 The generator 10 is a binary-decimal counter, the input of which receives pulses from the multivibrator.

 The indication unit 11 can be implemented, for example, on a seven-segment indicator.

 The memory unit 8 can be implemented on slide switches and diodes, performing electrical isolation and encoding the position of the switches in a binary number.

 Switch 6 of the cycle number can be implemented as a decoder having 10 outputs, of which the first M are connected to the memory unit 8, and M + 1 to the I element 7. A variable number M can be arranged by selecting the M + 1 output with slide switches of the VDM-4 type .

Claims (1)

 ELECTRON-MECHANICAL LOCK, containing a generator, 1.C outputs of which are connected to the display unit, actuator, counter, memory unit, 1. C outputs of which are connected to the first group of inputs of the coincidence unit, an error trigger, the output of which is connected to the first input of the AND element characterized in that in the lock are additionally introduced unlocking mechanisms and a locking, block converter, a cycle number switch, an unlocking trigger, moreover, the unlocking mechanism, locking mechanism and a block converter are connected in series Namely, the first output of the converter unit is connected to the input of the generator, the first input of the error trigger, the third input of the unlock trigger and the first input of the counter, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the converter unit, and the outputs of the (1.L) -th counter are connected to the inputs cycle number switch, the (1.M) -th outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the memory block, and (1.C) -th outputs of the generator are connected to the second group of inputs of the coincidence block, the output connected to the second input of the error trigger, the third input of which is connected to third by the output of the converter unit, while the (M + 1) -th output of the cycle number switch is connected to the second input of the And element, the output connected to the first input of the unlock trigger, the second input of which is connected to the C-th output of the generator, and the output to the actuator kinematically associated with the locking mechanism.