RU205015U1 - DEVICE FOR PREPARATION FOR COMBUSTION OF WATER-FUEL MIXTURE WITH ORGANIC COMPONENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for preparation for combustion of liquid fuel and liquid waste containing organic substances, in particular waste from livestock enterprises, for the purpose of their utilization. The technical result achieved during the implementation of the utility model consists in expanding the arsenal of technologies and devices for preparing for combustion of a water-fuel mixture with organic components, providing the possibility of utilizing waste from livestock enterprises, a two-stage supercavitation process for a mixture of fuel with organic matter when preparing the mass for combustion, while improving combustion parameters of a water-fuel mixture with organic components. To achieve the technical result, a device for preparation for combustion of a water-fuel mixture with organic components is proposed, containing a supercavitation reactor (1) connected in series by pipelines with means for supplying water and supplying coal, which is the first stage of preparing a coal-water suspension, a mixer (2) with a means for supplying animal waste , designed for mixing a coal-water suspension with animal waste, a supercavitation homogenizer (3), which is the second stage of fuel preparation to increase the homogeneity of the fuel mixture composition, a pump (4), one inlet of which is connected to a supercavitation homogenizer (3), the second inlet is connected to the means water supply for transporting the prepared fuel mixture using a water flow, and the outlet is connected to a heat generator (5), the furnace of which is equipped with nozzles (6) for spraying fuel, which, in particular, are located at an angle of 10-45 ° relative to each other and to turbulize the flow and lengthen the trajectory of the jets of the fuel mixture. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for preparation for combustion of liquid fuel and liquid waste containing organic substances, in particular waste from livestock enterprises, such as, for example, rabbit farms, and at the same time can be used for the disposal of waste from livestock enterprises, since the problem of storage and processing of this waste, especially on the scale of a large industrial complex, is very acute.

Known device for preparation for combustion of liquid fuel and liquid waste with organic substances, containing a housing with a cylindrical filtering element installed in it in the form of a spiral, pipes for supply and output of filtered fuel and a discharge pipe, located between the inner wall of the housing and the filtering element, a wave-like spiral, adjacent to the filtered fuel supply pipe, a cylindrical heat exchanger casing is fixed on the outer side of the device body, equipped with pipes for supplying and exiting the coolant, and inside the cylindrical filtering element, a pipe-in-pipe heat exchanger is installed coaxially with it, while the device decreases the viscosity of the water-fuel mixture due to simultaneous cleaning and two-stage heating (RF Patent No. 2363886 C1, priority date 06.11.2007, publication date 10.08.2009, authors: Pintyushenko A.D. et al., RU).

The disadvantage of the known analogue is the complexity of the device, both in manufacture and in service, due to the need for two-stage heating and the susceptibility of the spirals to contamination.

A device is known for producing multicomponent mixed fuels based on substances of plant origin, waste products of living organisms and wastes of the agro-industrial complex, used in the implementation of the method based on the circulation of components through a hydrodynamic cavitation device, due to which periodic negative stresses are created in the processing zone of components in the working vessel , leading to periodic suction of components inside the device in the mode of self-oscillation and the generation of hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations, while the device contains a working vessel connected by means of a pipeline system to the inlet of the pump, the outlet of which, in turn, is connected by means of a pipeline system with a hydrodynamic cavitation device, including axisymmetric vortex chamber, the axis of symmetry of the inlet channel is located at an angle and displaced in the lateral direction with respect to the axis of symmetry of the vortex chamber, and the outlet Noah channel is located coaxially with the vortex chamber (RF Patent No. 2365404 C1, priority date 12/21/2007, publication date 08/27/2009, authors: Strebkov D.S. et al., RU).

The disadvantage of this analogue is the limited use associated with a certain flow rate of the mixture through a hydrodynamic cavitation device installed in the working tank, as well as its susceptibility to clogging and the complexity of maintenance.

As a prototype, a device for burning liquid fuel with subsequent utilization of the heat of combustion products in heat-using units, in particular boilers and tube furnaces, is adopted, containing a series-connected pipeline for supplying liquid fuel, a filter, a pump, a disperser, a heat-using unit with a nozzle and a furnace, a chimney, connected to the heat-using unit through the chimney, and a section of the liquid fuel supply pipeline adjacent to the heat-using unit, laid in the chimney channel (RF Patent No. 31990 U1 priority date 04/25/2003, publication date 09/10/2003, authors: Katin V.D. and Volkhin I.V., RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of efficiency due to single-stage cavitation and limited application, since it is not possible to use a device for burning animal waste.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is the creation of a device for preparing for the combustion of liquid fuel with the possibility of utilizing waste from livestock enterprises, providing a two-stage supercavitation process for a mixture of fuel with organic matter when preparing the mass for combustion, while improving the combustion parameters of a water-fuel mixture with organic components, reducing heat loss from underburning and, as a consequence, a decrease in the size of the furnace.

To solve the technical problem, a device for preparation for combustion of a water-fuel mixture with organic components is proposed, containing a supercavitation reactor connected in series with pipelines with means for supplying water and supplying coal, which is the first stage of preparing a coal-water suspension, a mixer with a means for feeding animal waste, designed for mixing a coal-water suspension with animal waste, a supercavitation homogenizer, which is the second stage of fuel preparation to increase the homogeneity of the fuel mixture composition, a pump, one inlet of which is connected to a supercavitation homogenizer, the second inlet is connected to a water supply means for transporting the prepared fuel mixture using a water flow, and the outlet is connected with a heat generator, the firebox of which is equipped with nozzles for spraying fuel.

According to the utility model, the nozzles in the furnace of the heat generator are located at an angle of 10-45 ° relative to each other to turbulize the flow and lengthen the trajectory of the jets of the fuel mixture.

The drawing schematically shows a device for preparing for combustion of a water-fuel mixture with organic components, where 1 is a supercavitation reactor for mixing water with crushed coal and obtaining a coal-water suspension; 2 - mixer for mixing coal-water suspension with animal waste; 3 - supercavitation homogenizer for increasing the homogeneity of the fuel mixture composition; 4 - pump for transporting the prepared fuel mixture using a stream of water; 5 - heat generator with a firebox; 6 - fuel atomizing nozzles. The device also contains connecting pipelines for sequential supply of the fuel mixture. The supercavitation reactor 1 is equipped with means for supplying water and crushed coal, and the pump is equipped with a means for supplying water for efficient transportation of the prepared fuel mixture using a stream of water into the furnace of the heat generator to the nozzles. In this case, the nozzles in the furnace of the heat generator are located at an angle of 10-45 ° relative to each other to create turbulence of the flow and lengthen the trajectory of the jets of the fuel mixture, ensuring complete combustion.

The function of a device for preparing a water-fuel mixture with organic components for combustion is carried out sequentially in two stages with the implementation of two-stage cavitation, which ensures an increase in the homogenization of the mixture, eliminating the need for preheating the fuel mixture by heating the flow in process reactors, increasing the completeness of fuel combustion and the possibility of reducing the size of the furnace ...

The first stage of fuel preparation. The flow of water and the mass of coal preliminarily crushed to a diameter of 10-30 mm are sent to the supercavitation reactor 1, where, due to the rotation of the blades, additional crushing of the coal occurs and the formation of a coal-water suspension (CWS), as well as its entry through the connecting pipeline into the mixer 2, to which are added animal waste in the amount of 15-30% of the volume of the previously obtained mixture. After the mixer, the fuel goes through the second stage of processing.

Second stage of fuel preparation. The flow of the fuel mixture undergoes additional processing in a supercavitation homogenizer 3, in which, due to the rotor blades, the homogeneity of the composition increases to the state of a homogenized mixture obtained in devices 1 and 3, where microexplosions are formed due to the pressure difference in the air cavities, as a result of which the temperature of the mixture rises ... As a result, it is not required to preheat the fuel mixture before combustion, which simplifies the design of the heat generator and contributes to the achievement of optimal combustion parameters. From the supercavitation homogenizer 3, the fuel mixture is pumped by pump 4 with the help of a stream of water into the furnace of the heat generator 5. In the furnace, the flow is effectively sprayed using nozzles 6 located at an angle of 10-45 ° relative to each other, since such an arrangement increases turbulization and lengthens the trajectory of particles fuel.

The use of the proposed utility model with the implementation of two-stage cavitation provides the following advantages:

- due to microexplosions of air bubbles in the process of two-stage cavitation preparation of the fuel mixture, it is heated, which eliminates the need for preheating and simplifies the design of the furnace, contributing to the achievement of optimal combustion parameters;

- an increase in the completeness of fuel combustion due to the location of the nozzles at an angle of 10-45 ° relative to each other, which enhances turbulization, lengthens the trajectory of fuel particles, reduces underburning and increases the efficiency of the process, which makes it possible to reduce the overall dimensions of the furnace;

- the possibility of recycling organic waste from livestock production, which is very important;

- reduction in the consumption of coal fuel for heat generators intended for hot water and heat supply, including heating of an industrial premises, which indicates a decrease in the load on the environment.

The technical result achieved during the implementation of the utility model consists in expanding the arsenal of technologies and devices for preparing a water-fuel mixture with organic components for combustion, providing the possibility of utilizing waste from livestock enterprises, a two-stage supercavitation process for a mixture of fuel with organic matter when preparing the mass for combustion, while improving combustion parameters of a water-fuel mixture with organic components.

Claims (2)

1. A device for preparing for combustion of a water-fuel mixture with organic components, containing a supercavitation reactor connected in series with pipelines with means for supplying water and supplying coal, which is the first stage of preparing a coal-water suspension, a mixer with a means for supplying animal waste, designed for mixing a coal-water suspension with animal waste , a supercavitation homogenizer, which is the second stage of fuel preparation to increase the homogeneity of the fuel mixture composition, a pump, one inlet of which is connected to a supercavitation homogenizer, the second inlet is connected to a water supply means for transporting the prepared fuel mixture using a water flow, and the outlet is connected to a heat generator, the furnace of which is equipped with nozzles for spraying fuel. 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the nozzles in the furnace of the heat generator are located at an angle of 10-45 ° relative to each other to turbulize the flow and lengthen the trajectory of the jets of the fuel mixture.

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