RU2049537C1 - Device for obtaining granulated materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: obtaining granulated materials. SUBSTANCE: device has housing made up as overturned trancated cone provided with the gate. The top of the housing is closed with a flange having the opening for supplying the melt. The facility for supplying coolant is constructed as ring pipes for supplying coolant and air arranged horizontally and parallel to each other inside the housing. The ring pipes are connected with respective branch pipes. The openings made in the pipes for supplying coolant face the axis of the housing. The pipes for supplying air is perforated. The fluidized space is formed inside the space of the coolant due to the supplying compressed air. When the melt jet enters fluidized coolant, the melt jet is deformed and broken out into separate drops. As the drops moves through the fluidized zone, they are cooled and converted into the granules. The granules are then fed to the inclined chute together with the coolant. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to granulation of melts of various materials, in particular sulfur, inorganic fertilizers, polymers, and can be used in chemical and related industries.

 Known devices for granulating sulfur, which use air cooling. The most widely used are Polish air granulation plants (PVG), developed for the Polish Prill technology (V. R. Grunwald. Gas Sulfur Technology, M. Chemistry, 1992, pp. 244-245). The granulation tower of circular cross section has a diameter of 7 m and a height of 85-100 m. The installation is equipped with means for introducing a sulfur melt into the upper part of the granulation tower, with means for dispersing liquid sulfur, which can be nozzle, centrifugal, etc. One of the devices used for dispersing consists of of two pipes welded to one another in the form of an overturned letter T. The vertical pipe is constantly filled with sulfur to a height of 1 m, which creates the necessary hydrostatic pressure. A horizontal pipe with 0.8 mm holes is the sprinkler itself. Drops of liquid sulfur, as they move along the height of the tower, are cooled by an upward flow of air and solidify. Finished granules from the bottom of the tower fall onto the conveyor belt.

 The disadvantage of this installation is the presence of very small fractions of granules, carried away by the air flow from the tower, and the danger of an explosion of dust settling on the walls of the tower. Another disadvantage is the significant capital costs involved in manufacturing.

 Also known are devices for granulating melt materials using liquid refrigerants. The cooling of the melt droplets in liquid media makes it possible to reduce the height necessary for their complete solidification and to create compact and small-sized granulation plants. The sulfur forming unit by the Supel method (V.R. Grunwald. Gas Sulfur Technology, M. Chemistry, 1992, pp. 249-250) proved itself well. The installation comprises a housing, means for introducing a melt of material and liquid refrigerant, a sprayer in the form of nozzles, means for removing granules and refrigerant. Liquid sulfur is pumped to the granulator through an annular pipe and sprayed with nozzles. Granulation is carried out in a turbulent flow of water, which is introduced into the granulator equipped with a mixer under pressure. Granular sulfur along with water is discharged through a sluice gate in the conical bottom of the granulator.

 The disadvantage of this installation is the possibility of adhesion of sulfur to the elements of the nozzles, which makes it necessary to stop for repair work.

 The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for granulating a melt, mainly sulfur, containing a housing installed in the upper part of the granulation column above the liquid level, a horizontal flat grating located in the upper part of the housing, a pipe for supplying the melt located above the grating, vertical rods with pointed lower ends. The rods pass through the holes in the grate, mounted on a plate through which they are connected to the mechanism of the reciprocating motion of the rods. The device also contains a collector and connected vertical pipes for supplying a cooling agent. Pipes pass through holes made in the plate and grate. The grill is provided with means for heating. The melt through the inlet pipe enters the grate, enters the openings of the grate and flows along the moving rods with continuous uniform jets into the coolant located in the granulation column, where it is crushed into drops and solidifies, forming granules.

 The disadvantage of this device is the possibility of adhesion of sulfur at the ends of the moving rods, which causes the need for stopping to clean the rods and the associated decrease in reliability and productivity.

 Another disadvantage is the complexity of the design and the associated further decrease in reliability due to the presence of a mechanism for reciprocating movement of the rods and the presence of moving elements in the melt region.

 The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and increase the reliability of the device.

 For this, in a device for producing granular materials containing a housing, means for introducing a melt of material and liquid refrigerant, the housing is made in the form of an inverted truncated cone, the top of which is closed by a flange with an opening for introducing the melt, and the lower part is provided with a shutter, inside the housing in a horizontal plane annular pipes for supplying refrigerant and annular pipes for supplying air are arranged parallel to each other, while pipes for supplying refrigerant are made with their axes facing housing holes, and pipes for air supply made with perforation over the entire surface.

 The drawing shows the proposed device, General view.

 The device comprises a housing 1 made in the form of an inverted truncated cone. In the lower part, the housing has a shutter 2, and its top is closed by a flange 3 with an opening for introducing the melt 4. The nozzles 5 and 6 are fixed on the flange to supply refrigerant and air, respectively. The nozzles 5 are connected to the annular tubes 7, in which the openings are made 8. The nozzles 6 are connected to the perforated annular tubes 9. The nozzle 10 serves to supply the melt. To prevent overflow of the refrigerant, the casing is equipped with a drain pipe 11, the inclined trough 12 serves to output the pulp.

 The device operates as follows.

 When the shutter gate 2 is closed, refrigerant enters the housing 1 through the nozzles 5 and the openings 8 in the annular tubes 7. After filling the housing with refrigerant to the drain pipe 11, open the shutter 2 so that the amount supplied through the pipe 5 and the amount discharged through the shutter 2 of the refrigerant is the same. Compressed air is supplied through the pipe 6 and the annular tubes 9, as a result of which a region of a pseudo-boiling layer is formed in the volume of the refrigerant. From the nozzle 10 through the holes 4 in the flange 3 serves the melt. When the melt stream enters the bubbled refrigerant, deformation and rupture of the melt stream into individual drops occur. As the bubble zone passes, the melt drops cool and turn into granules. The granules together with the refrigerant enter the inclined trough 12. The melt flow is regulated by the size of the granules.

The device for producing granular materials is made of stainless steel, the body is made in the form of an inverted truncated cone 1.8 m high, the upper diameter is 820 mm, the lower diameter is 100 mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm. The top of the housing is closed flange 840 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick and the lower part is cut at an angle of ^about 30 and has a flap. A hole with a diameter of 300 mm is made in the center of the flange for feeding the melt into the body. On the flange there are nozzles for supplying refrigerant and for supplying air. The nozzles 5 serve to supply refrigerant, for example water, to two annular pipes 7 with a pipe diameter of 42 mm and a ring diameter of 800 mm. Pipes 7 have holes 8 with a diameter of 6 mm directed to the axis of the housing. The pipe 6 serves to supply compressed air to two annular pipes 9 with a diameter of 20 mm, a ring diameter of 800 mm, and a perforation hole diameter of 3 mm. The rings are located at a distance of 200 mm from each other, the upper ring at a distance of 100 mm from the surface of the refrigerant. To prevent overflow of refrigerant, the casing is equipped with a drain pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. The diameter of the nozzle for supplying the melt 32 mm The device is made of steel 1X18H10T.

 The advantages of the proposed device for producing granular materials over known similar devices are the simplicity of the design of small dimensions. The design of the device allows you to do without special devices for spraying the melt. The separation of the melt stream into droplets occurs in the bubble zone without contact with the details of the device, which eliminates the sticking of the material and, thus, increase the service life and reliability.

Claims (1)

 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING GRANULATED MATERIALS, comprising a housing, means for introducing a melt of material and refrigerant, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of an inverted truncated cone, the top of which is closed with a flange with an opening for introducing the melt, and the lower part is provided with a shutter, the means for introducing refrigerant is made in in the form of annular pipes for supplying refrigerant and air, placed horizontally inside the housing parallel to each other and connected to the corresponding nozzles, while pipes for supplying refrigerant are filled with holes facing the axis of the housing, and the air supply pipes are perforated.

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