RU2048677C1 - Radio signal phase meter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio facilities for finding target location. SUBSTANCE: radio signal phase meter has metering unit 1 incorporating standard generator 2, commutator-shaper 3, power amplifier 4, antenna switch 5, mixers 6,16, intermediate-frequency amplifiers 7,17, limiting amplifiers 8,18, phase detectors 9,19, computing unit 10, frequency synthesizer 11, phase shifter 12, received-frequency synthesizer 14, transceiving antennas 13,15, repeater 20 that has standard generator 21, commutator-shaper 22, amplifier 23, antenna switch 24, mixers 26, 35, intermediate-frequency amplifiers 26,36, limiting amplifiers 27,37, phase detectors 28,38, computing unit 29, frequency synthesizer 30, phase shifter 31, transceiving antennas 32,34, received-frequency synthesizer 33, n radiating stations 39 incorporating standard generator 40, radiated-frequency shaper 41, power amplifier 42, and transmitting antenna 43. EFFECT: improved design. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to measuring technique and can be used for remote determination of the coordinates of moving objects.

 A device is known that can be used to remotely determine the coordinates of a moving object and containing a radiating station consisting of a reference oscillator, transmitter and transmitting antenna connected in series, a measuring unit consisting of a receiving antenna connected to the first and second receivers, the outputs of which are via frequency multipliers connected to the inputs of the phase meter, a repeater consisting of a series-connected receiving antenna, receiver, frequency transformer, transmitter and transmitter boiling antenna.

 The device is characterized by the emission of signals with frequency separation and provides remote measurement of the coordinates of one moving object when installing the measuring unit and the repeater at points with known coordinates, and the radiating station on the moving object.

 The disadvantage of this device is the inability to determine the coordinates of n moving objects remotely.

A device is known that contains a measuring unit consisting of a reference generator, a commutator-shaper, a phase detector connected in series, a decision block, a synthesizer, a power amplifier, an antenna switch, a mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, and a limiter amplifier, the output of which is connected to a phase detector receiving and transmitting antenna connected to the antenna switch, the second output of the deciding unit is connected to a reference generator, the output of which is connected to a phase detector, synthesizer frequencies and
driver-shaper, the third output of the crucial unit is connected to a driver-shaper, the outputs of which are connected to a power amplifier, an antenna switch and a phase detector, the second output of the frequency synthesizer is connected to the second input of the mixer, as well as one relay or more, consisting of a reference generator, switch a shaper connected in series with a phase detector, a solver, a frequency synthesizer, a phase shifter, a power amplifier, an antenna switch, a mixer, an intermediate amplifier frequency and limiter amplifier, the output of which is connected to a phase detector, a transmitting antenna connected to an antenna switch, the second output of the deciding unit is connected to a phase shifter, the output of the reference generator is connected to a phase detector, a frequency synthesizer and a switch-former, the outputs of which are connected to a power amplifier , an antenna switch and a phase detector, the second output of the frequency synthesizer is connected to the second input of the mixer.

 The device is characterized in that the phase information is obtained by comparing the phase signals of the reference and auxiliary frequencies transmitted from the repeater to the measuring unit, in addition, the repeater equipment is implemented so that it can perform the functions of the measuring unit.

 The disadvantage of this device is the inability to remotely determine the coordinates of n moving objects.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality by remotely determining the coordinates of n moving objects.

This is achieved by the fact that, in a device containing a measuring unit consisting of a reference generator, a shaper switch, a power amplifier, an antenna switch, a mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a limiter amplifier, a phase detector, a decider block and a frequency synthesizer, transceiver antenna connected to the antenna switch, the second output of the deciding unit is connected to a reference generator, the output of which is connected to a phase detector, a frequency synthesizer and a commutator m-shaper, the third output of the crucial unit is connected to the switch-shaper, the outputs of which are connected to a power amplifier, antenna switch and phase detector,
the first output of the frequency synthesizer is connected to the second input of the mixer, as well as a repeater consisting of a reference generator, a commutator-shaper, a power amplifier, an antenna switch, a mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a phase detector, a decider, a frequency synthesizer and a phase shifter, the output of which connected to a power amplifier, a transmitting antenna connected to an antenna switch, the second output of the deciding unit is connected to a phase shifter, the output of the reference generator with one with a phase detector, a frequency synthesizer and a commutator-shaper, the outputs of which are connected to a power amplifier, an antenna switch and a phase detector, the second output of the frequency synthesizer is connected to the second input of the mixer, n radiating stations are introduced, consisting of a reference oscillator, a shaper of the emitted frequency, connected in series , a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna, and a phase shifter is introduced into the measuring unit,
a received frequency synthesizer, a receiving antenna connected in series, a second mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a limiter amplifier and a phase detector, the output of which is connected to the second input of the decision unit, the fourth and fifth outputs of which are connected to a phase shifter and a received frequency synthesizer, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second mixer, and the second input with the output of the reference oscillator connected to the second input of the second phase detector, the third input of which is connected to the commutator Oromo-conditioners,
the second output of the frequency synthesizer is connected through a phase shifter to the second input of the power amplifier, and the received frequency synthesizer, a series-connected receiving antenna, a second mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, an amplifier-limiter, and a phase detector, the output of which is connected to the second input of the deciding unit, are introduced into the repeater the output of which is connected to the synthesizer of the received frequencies, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second mixer, and the second input to the output of the reference generator connected to the W direct input of the second phase detector, the third input of which is connected to the commutator-shaper.

 The introduction of these nodes with the described relationships allows, in comparison with the prototype, to expand functionality by remotely determining n moving objects.

 The proposed device meets the criterion of "significant differences" due to the absence of these features in known devices.

 In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the proposed device; in FIG. 2 embodiment of the decision block; in FIG. 3 5 block diagram of the algorithm of its operation in the measuring unit; in FIG. 6 time diagrams explaining the operation of the system.

The device comprises a measuring unit 1, consisting of a reference generator 2, a shaper-switch 3, serially connected power amplifier 4, an antenna switch 5, a mixer 6, an intermediate frequency amplifier 7, an amplifier-limiter 8, a phase detector 9, a decision unit 10, a frequency synthesizer 11, a phase shifter 12, the output of which is connected to a power amplifier 4, a transmitting antenna 13, connected to an antenna switch 5, a synthesizer of received frequencies 14, connected in series to a receiving antenna 15, a mixer 16, intermediate frequency amplifier 17, limiter amplifier 18 and phase detector 19, which soedinën output with the second input of decision block 10,
the second output of the deciding unit 10 is connected to the reference generator 2, the output of which is connected to the commutator-shaper 3, frequency synthesizers 11, 14, phase detectors 9, 19, the third output of the decisive block 10 is connected to the commutator-shaper 3, the outputs of which are connected to the power amplifier 4, by an antenna switch 5, phase detectors 9, 19, the output of the frequency synthesizer 11 is connected to the input of the mixer 6, the output of the synthesizer of the received frequencies 14 is connected to the input of the mixer 16, the fourth and fifth outputs of the deciding unit 10 are connected to the phase shifter I have 12 and a synthesizer of the received frequencies 14, a repeater 20, consisting of a reference generator 21, a switch-driver 22, connected in series with a power amplifier 23, an antenna
a switch 24, a mixer 25, an intermediate frequency amplifier 26, a limiter amplifier 27, a phase detector 28, a decision unit 29, a frequency synthesizer 30 and a phase shifter 31, the output of which is connected to a power amplifier 23, a transmitting antenna 32, connected to the antenna switch 24, of the synthesizer the received frequencies 33, serially connected to the receiving antenna 34, the mixer 35, the intermediate frequency amplifier 36, the amplifier-limiter 37 and the phase detector 38, the output of which is connected to the second input of the decision unit 29, the switch-form the world wider 22 connected to the power amplifier 23, the antenna switch 24, the phase detectors 28, 38,
the output of the reference generator 21 is connected to the commutator-shaper 22, frequency synthesizers 30, 33, phase detectors 28, 38. The output of the frequency synthesizer 30 is connected to the input of the mixer 25, the output of the synthesizer of the received frequencies 33 is connected to the input of the mixer 35, the second and third outputs of the deciding unit 29 are connected to a phase shifter 31 and a synthesizer of received frequencies 33; n emitting stations 39 ₁ 39 _n consist of a series-connected reference generator 40, a shaper of the emitted frequency 41, a power amplifier 42 and a transmitting antenna 43.

 Decision block 10 / cm. FIG. 2 / contains a microprocessor module 44, the address bus of which is connected to the address inputs of the read-only memory element 45, random access memory 46 and the inputs of the decoders 47, 48, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the memory elements 45 and 46, the control outputs of the microprocessor module 44 "read" , "record" are connected to the control inputs of the constant 45 and operational 46 memory elements, respectively, the information inputs and outputs of the microprocessor module 44 are connected to the outputs of the permanent memory element 45, with information inputs and outputs of random access memory element 46, with inputs of registers 49 54, outputs of decoder 47 are connected via elements 55 60 to control inputs of registers 49 54.

 The device operates as follows.

 The measuring unit 1 and the repeater 20 are set motionless at points with known coordinates so as to cover a given area of work n moving objects. Emitting stations 39 are installed on n moving objects.

 The reference generators 2, 21 generate continuously harmonic signals of frequency f, which are fed to the commutators-shapers 3, 22 and frequency synthesizers 11, 14, 30, 33. In the steady-state mode of operation of the device, the time intervals for receiving signals by the measuring unit 1 are synchronized with the corresponding radiation intervals ( see Fig. 6).

When you turn on the device works similarly to the known. Frequency synthesizers 11 and 30 generate a reference signal for radiation with a frequency f _o and several auxiliary signals with frequencies f ₁ , f ₂ , f _i , in addition, local oscillator signals for mixers 6 and 25 with a frequency f _0Г are generated in frequency synthesizers 11 and 30, f _1G, f _2r, f _Id wherein the frequency control radiated (received) signals is carried out deciding unit 10 (29), prichëm f _{0 -} f _0r f _OL, f ₁ f _1G f _OL, f ₂ f _2r f _OL, f _i f _iГ f _PR , where f _{PR is the} intermediate frequency allocated by amplifiers 7, 26, at which the phase of the received signals is measured by blocks 9 (28). Shaper-switches 3, 22 generate control signals for blocks 4 (see Fig. 6, a), 5 and 9 (see Fig. 6, b), 19 (see Fig. 6, c), 24 and 28 ( see Fig. 6, d), 23 (see Fig. 6, d), 38 (see Fig. 6, e).

Timing diagrams (see Fig. 6) are given for the steady state of the device when the time intervals of radiation and reception of signals of the measuring unit 1 are synchronized with the corresponding intervals of the relay 17, where T _{c is the} time cycle of the device; t is the interval of emission (reception) of the reference signal with a frequency f _o ; 2t is the emission (reception) interval of auxiliary signals with a frequency f _i ; t _n is the duration of the pause; t _{o the} interval of reception of the signal from the emitting stations.

In the power amplifier 4, the signals from the frequency synthesizer 11 are amplified to the required value and the output radio pulse signals are generated under the influence of the control signal from the commutator-shaper 3 (see Fig. 6, a). The radio pulse signal from the power amplifier 4, passing through the antenna switch 5, is emitted into the space of the transmitting antenna 13 (see Fig. 6, g). The signal emitted into the space by the measuring unit 1 during time T _and , passing through the propagation medium, is received by the transceiver antenna 32 of the relay 20 and through the antenna switch 24, is fed to the input of the mixer 25. The signals from the frequency synthesizer 30 with frequencies are applied to the second input of the mixer 25 (f _0G , f _1G , f _2G , f _iG ).

φ ₁' φ₁ Δ φ₁; φ₂' φ₂ Δ φ₂ φ_i' φ_i Δ φ_i; Полученные значения фазы Δ φ₁, Δ φ₂. Δ φ_i запоминаются в решающем блоке 29. В течение интервала Т_р излучаются в пространство сигналы от ретранслятора 20, при этом управление частотой и фазой излучаемых сигналов осуществляется решающим блоком 29 через блоки 30 и 31 соответственно. В моменты времени t, когда ретранслятором 20 излучаются в пространство основные сигналы частотой f_o фазовращатель 31 решающим блоком 29 установлен в исходное /нулевое/ состояние, излучаемые опорные сигналы частотой f₀ имеют фазу сигнала f опорного генератора 21. В течение интервалов 2t, когда ретранслятором 20 излучаются в пространство вспомогательные сигналы частотами f₁, f₂.f_i, сигналами управления от решающего блока 29 устанавливаются в фазовращателе 31 фазовые сдвиги Δ φ₁, Δ φ₂.Δ φ_i соответственно.In the mixer 25, the received signal is converted to the PR frequency (moreover, f ₀ f ₀₁ f _PR , f ₁ f _1Г f _PR , etc.), in the intermediate-frequency amplifier 26, the signals with the PR frequency are filtered and amplified, and then normalized in amplitude to limiting amplifier 27 and fed to the phase detector 28. In the phase detector 28 under the influence of control signals (see Fig. 6), the phase shifts of the received signals are measured, while the phase shifts φ ₀₁ , φ ₀₂ are measured. φ _0i , φ _0i 'of reference signals of frequency f ₀ (see Fig. 6, d) and phase shifts φ ₁ , φ ₂ , φ _i ' of auxiliary signals with frequencies f ₁ , f ₂ , f _i . Information from the phase detector 28 enters the decision block 29, in which the phase relations are calculated:

φ ₁ 'φ ₁ Δ φ ₁ ; φ ₂ 'φ ₂ Δ φ ₂ φ _i ' φ _i Δ φ _i ; The obtained phase values Δ φ ₁ , Δ φ ₂ . Δ φ _{i are} stored in the decision block 29. During the interval T _p, signals from the relay 20 are radiated into space, while the frequency and phase of the emitted signals are controlled by the decision block 29 through blocks 30 and 31, respectively. At times t, when the main signals of frequency f _o are emitted into the space by repeater 20, the phase shifter 31 is set to the initial / zero / state by the deciding unit 29, the emitted reference signals of frequency f ₀ have the phase of signal f of the reference oscillator 21. During the intervals 2t, when the repeater 20 auxiliary signals are emitted into space with frequencies f ₁ , f ₂ .f _i , phase shifts Δ φ ₁ , Δ φ ₂ .Δ φ _i, respectively, are set in the phase shifter 31 by control signals from the deciding unit 29.

Thus, during the interval T _{r the} relay 20 emits auxiliary signals whose phase is equal to the phase of the received signals during the intervals T _and from the measuring unit 1, as well as reference signals whose phase is equal to the phase of the reference generator 21. In the power amplifier 23, the signals are amplified from the phase shifter 31 and the formation of the output radio pulse signals under the influence of a control signal from the switch-former 22 (see Fig. 6, d). The radio pulse signal from the power amplifier 23, passing through the antenna switch 24, is emitted into the space of the transceiver antenna 32 (see Fig. 6, h).

Полученные значения фазовых сдвигов Δ ϑ₁, Δ ϑ₂, Δ ϑ_iзапоминаются в решающем блоке 10, а затем используются в решающем блоке 10 для устранения многозначности фазовых отсчëтов.The signal emitted into the space by the repeater 20 during the time T _r , passing through the propagation medium, is received by the transmitting antenna 13 of the measuring unit 1 and through the antenna switch 5 is fed to the input of the mixer 6, the second input of which is fed from the frequency synthesizer 11 with frequencies (f _0r, f _1G, f _2r, f _Id). In the mixer 6, the received signal is converted to the frequency f _PR (moreover, f ₀ f _0Г f _PR , f ₁ f _1Г f _PR , etc.) in the intermediate frequency amplifier 7, the signals of frequency f _{PR are} filtered and amplified, and then normalized by amplitude in the amplifier-limiter 8 and fed to the phase detector 9. In the phase detector 9 under the influence of control signals (see Fig. 6, b) the phase shifts of the received signals are measured, while the phase shifts ϑ ₀₁ , ϑ ₀₂ , ϑ _0i are measured, θ _0i 'frequency reference signal f ₀ and phase shifts θ _1, θ _2, θ _i auxiliary lnyh signal frequencies f _1, f _2, f _i. Information from the phase detector 9 enters the decision block 10, in which the phase relations are calculated:

The obtained values of the phase shifts Δ ϑ ₁ , Δ ϑ ₂ , Δ ϑ _{i are} stored in the decision block 10, and then used in the decision block 10 to eliminate the ambiguity of the phase readings.

In practice, the frequencies f ₀ , f ₁ , f ₂ .f _i are chosen in such a way that the following relations are satisfied: f ₀ f ₁ F ₁ , f ₀ f ₂ F ₂ , f ₀ f _i F _i , F ₁ / F ₂ m ₁ , F ₂ / F ₃
m ₂ , F ( _{i - 1} ) / F _i m _i , where F _{1 is the} frequency of the exact stage (operating frequency of the device); F ₂ , F ₃ , F _i frequencies of coarse steps; m ₁ , m ₂ , m _i frequency conjugation coefficients.

= где С скорость распространения радиоволн.Thus, the phase shift Δ ϑ _1, taking into account the correction when eliminating ambiguity, corresponds to a signal of frequency F ₁ that passed twice through the propagation medium, is equal to the delay time of the radio waves at the receiving point with respect to the moment of their emission, does not contain phase incursions due to the repeater equipment and measuring unit, and can be used to accurately determine the distance (r) between the antenna 13 of the measuring unit 1 and the antenna 32 of the relay 20 at a known propagation speed of radio waves and the measured value Δ ϑ ₁ according to the formula:
r

= where C is the speed of propagation of radio waves.

In addition to the operations described, in the measuring unit 1, accumulating information in the deciding unit 10 about changes in the phase shifts Δ ϑ, for example, for the frequency f ₀ , that is, ϑ ₀₁ , ϑ ₀₂ , ϑ _0i in one or more cycles of the device T _c , the deviation of the frequency Δ f of the reference oscillator 2 from the frequency of the reference generator 21 is determined during the observation Δ t of the deviation of the frequency of the generators. The frequency deviation code of the reference oscillator Δ 2 f is supplied from the decision block 10 to the control input of the reference generator 2, providing a change in its output frequency and reducing Δ f to zero.

 The described mode of operation of the measuring unit 1 and the relay 20 initially serves for high-precision operational measurement of the distance between them, the value of which (r) is used in determining the location of moving objects. In addition, this mode can be used for operational periodic determination of the operability of the equipment of the measuring unit 1 and repeater 20 by comparing the measured distance r with its known value from previous measurements or by a specific geodetic method.

In order to determine the coordinates of n moving objects, each of the n emitting stations 39 ₁ 39 _n emits a continuous harmonic signal into space, which is generated as follows. The reference generator 40 generates a continuous harmonic signal of frequency f, which is supplied to the shaper of the emitted frequency 41. In this case, the shaper 41 of the radiating station 39 ₁ serves to receive a signal of frequency f _p1 , the shaper 41 of the radiating station 39 serves to receive a harmonic signal of frequency f _p2 , and t D. and the shaper 41 of the radiating station 39 _n provides a signal of frequency f _pn . This signal is fed to power amplifier 42 and radiated into space by antenna 43.

A signal, for example, of frequency f _p1 , is received by antennas 15, 34 and fed to the input of mixers 16 and 35, respectively, to the second inputs of which signals of frequency f _p1 'are received from synthesizers of received frequencies 14 and 33. In addition, in synthesizers of received frequencies 14 and 33 are formed LO signals for mixers 16 and 35 with frequencies f _n2 ', _n3 f' and t. d. f to _Pn ', the control of output frequency synthesizers 14 and 33 is carried out deciding blocks 10 and 29, respectively, prichëm f _n1 -f _{n1 'prosp} f', f f _{n2 n2 'prosp} f', f _Pn - f _Pn 'f _prosp' switches-conditioners 3, 22 yield the t control signals for blocks 19 (see Fig. 6, c) and 38 (see Fig. 6, f), which are aligned in time so that the phase measurement of the received signals by blocks 19 and 38 is carried out simultaneously in blocks 1 and 20 for the same received frequency f _n1, f _n2, f _Pn. The signals from the outputs of the amplifiers 17 and 36 are normalized in amplitude to the limiting amplifiers 18 and 37, and are fed to the phase detectors 19 and 38, respectively.

ΔV₂=

... ΔV_n=

фазовые сдвиги сигналов соответствующей излучаемой частоты за счëт распространения на расстояние r от блока 1 до блока 20, причëм величины Δ V₁, Δ V₂ и т. д. до Δ V_n являются известными, поскольку величины f, r, c определены. Информация с фазового детектора 28 (V₁', V₂'.V_n') поступает в решающий блок 29.The phase detector 19 under the influence of control signals (see. FIG. 6) is carried out measuring the phase shifts of the received signals f _n1, f _n2, f _Pn, the measured phase shifts are V _1, V _2, V _n, respectively. Information from the phase detector 19 enters the decision block 10, which also controls the frequency and phase of the signals emitted by the block 1, by controlling the blocks 11 and 12, respectively. At the same time, during time 2t at frequency f _2, block 1 in the interval T _and radiates into space a signal whose phase is equal to V ₁ and is set in phase shifter 12, then at frequency f ₃ block 1 emits into space a signal whose phase is equal to V ₂ etc. up to V _n . The signal radiated into the space by the antenna 13 of block 1, passing through the propagation medium, is received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 32 of block 20, through the antenna switch 24 it is fed to the input of the mixer 25, to the second input of which signals from the frequency synthesizer 30 are supplied. the frequency f _CR is measured phase shifts of the received signals, the values of which are equal
V ₁ 'V ₁ + Δ V ₁ ; V ₂ 'V ₂ + Δ V ₂ . V _n 'V _n + Δ V _n , where ΔV ₁ =

ΔV ₂ =

... ΔV _n =

phase shifts of signals of the corresponding emitted frequency due to propagation by a distance r from block 1 to block 20, and the quantities Δ V ₁ , Δ V _2, and so on to Δ V _n are known, since the quantities f, r, c are determined. Information from the phase detector 28 (V ₁ ', V ₂ ' .V _n ') is supplied to the decision unit 29.

; r

=

;
r₂=

; r

=

;
(1)
r_n=

r

=

; где r_n, r_n' расстояние от n-го подвижного объекта до блока 1 и блока 20 соответственно.The phase detector 38 under the influence of control signals (see. FIG. 6) is carried out measuring the phase shifts of the received signals f _n1, f _n2 f _Pn, the measured phase shifts W _1, W _2, W _n, respectively. Information from the phase detector 38 enters the decision block 29. Then, in the decision block 29 of the relay 20, the coordinates of the moving objects 39 ₁ , 39 ₂ , are determined from the obtained phase shifts V ₁ and W ₁ , V ₂ and W ₂ , V _n and W _n 39 _n, respectively, based on the calculated distances from the moving object to the measuring unit 1 and the relay 20 according to the formulas:
r ₁ =

; r

=

;
r ₂ =

; r

=

;
(1)
r _n =

r

=

; where r _n , r _n 'is the distance from the n-th movable object to block 1 and block 20, respectively.

In addition, the decision block 29 controls the frequency and phase of the signals emitted by the block 20 by controlling the blocks 30 and 31, respectively. Moreover, during the time 2t, the block 20 in the interval T _p emits into the space signals whose phase is equal to the value of W ₁ , W ₂ , W _n and is set by the phase shifter 31.

фазовыесдвиги сигналов соответствующей излучаемой частоты за счëт распространения на расстояние r от блока 20 до блока 1, причëм ΔW₁, ΔW₂, ΔW_n вычисляются в решающем блоке 10 при известных величинах f, r, c. Информация с фазового детектора 9 (W₁', W₂',W_n') поступает в решающий блок 10. Тогда в решающем блоке 10 измерительного блока 1 по полученным значениям фазовых сдвигов V₁ и W₁, V₂ и W₂, V_n и W_nопределяются координаты подвижных объектов 39₁, 39₂,39_nсоответственно, исходя из рассчитанных расстояний от подвижных объектов до измерительного блока 1 и ретранслятора 20 в соответствии с формулами (1).The signal radiated into the space by the antenna 32 of the block 20, passing through the propagation medium, is received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 13 of the block 1, through the antenna switch 5 is fed to the input of the mixer 6, the second input of which receives signals from the frequency synthesizer 11. In this case, in the phase detector 9, the frequency f _CR is measured phase shifts of the received signals, the values of which are equal
W ₁ 'W ₁ + Δ W ₁ ; W ₂ 'W ₂ + Δ W ₂ ,
W _n 'W _n + Δ W _n , where Δ W ₁ , Δ W ₂ , W _n =

phase shifts of the signals of the corresponding emitted frequency due to propagation by a distance r from block 20 to block 1, and ΔW ₁ , ΔW ₂ , ΔW _n are calculated in decision block 10 for known values of f, r, c. Information from the phase detector 9 (W ₁ ′, W ₂ ′, W _n ′) is supplied to the decision block 10. Then, in the decision block 10 of the measuring block 1, the obtained phase shifts V ₁ and W ₁ , V ₂ and W ₂ , V _n and W _n , the coordinates of the moving objects 39 ₁ , 39 ₂ , 39 _{n are} determined, respectively, based on the calculated distances from the moving objects to the measuring unit 1 and the relay 20 in accordance with formulas (1).

 The decisive block 10 can be implemented both on the elements of "hard" (non-programmable) logic, and on the basis of a microprocessor in a typical structure.

 The block diagram of a variant of the decision block 10 (29) is shown in FIG. 2. The decoder 48 provides a choice of permanent 45 or operational 46 memory elements in which programs, constants or current information are stored, respectively. The microprocessor module 44 processes and exchanges information and is connected to blocks 45 48 by the address bus (ША) and blocks 45, 46, 49 54 by the information data bus (ШД), and may have control outputs with signals “read” and “write” for control constant 45 and operational 46 memory elements, respectively, "output", for example, to output information on the bus SH in block 2, 3, (22), 11, (30), 12, (31), 14, (33), input “interrupt request” for inputting information to decision block 10 (29) by signals from a phase detector 19 (38), input “input” for inputting information to decision block 10 (29) ) by signals from the phase detector 9 (28). Signals of access (output) from the side of decision block 10 (29) to external blocks are formed by deciphering the address code of the corresponding register in decoder 47 and conjugating its incoming signals with the “output” signal in elements 55-60. According to the output signals of the elements And 55-60, information is recorded from the microprocessor module 44 in the registers 55-60.

 When implementing the decision block 10 (29) based on the K580 microprocessor, the microprocessor module 44 consists of three LSI central processor K580IK80, system controller K580VK28, and clock generator K580GF24.

 Controlled frequency synthesizers 11, 14 (30, 33) can be performed, for example, similarly to frequency synthesizer 46-31.

 Switch-shaper 3 (22) can be implemented in the form of a counter, the outputs of which are connected to the address inputs of a permanent storage device that stores values of codes of numbers corresponding to time diagrams (see Fig. 6, a e). In this case, the counting input of the counter is connected to the output of the reference generator 2 (21), and the inputs of the installation with the output of the deciding unit 10, the outputs of the permanent storage device are the outputs of the switch-former 3 (22).

 Reference generators 2, 29, 40 can be made in the form of a quartz generator of the type "Hyacinth".

 Antenna switch 5 (24) can be implemented, for example, on pin diodes.

 In order to ensure synchronization of the time intervals of radiation and reception of the measuring unit 1, the relay 20 in accordance with FIG. 6 in the proposed device, the search and tracking mode of the signal can be used.

 Errors of phase measurement due to phase instability from time to time and the influence of destabilizing temperature factors, changes in supply voltages, etc. on the nodes of the measuring unit 1 and relay 20 can be automatically excluded from the results of phase measurements.

 Thus, thanks to new elements and relationships, the functionality of the device is expanded by remote sensing of the coordinates of n moving objects by measuring unit 1 and repeater 20.

Consider a numerical example that explains the practical implementation of the device. Let the radiated frequencies of the device be f ₀ 330 MHz, f ₁ 320 MHz, f ₂ 329 MHz, f ₃ 329.9 MHz, f ₄ 329.99 MHz. In this case, f ₀ f ₁ F ₁ 10 MHz, f ₀ f ₂ F ₂ 1 MHz, f ₀ f ₃ F ₃ 0.1 MHz, f ₀ f ₄ F ₄ 0.01 MHz, F ₁ / F ₂ 10, F ₂ / F ₃ 10, F ₃ / F ₄ 10. The values obtained correspond to the unambiguous measurement of the distance between the measuring unit 1 and the repeater 20 equal to 15 km. Let the measuring unit 1 and the repeater 20 are installed at a distance r from each other, equal to, for example, 5 km.

Moreover, the error in determining the distance (coordinates) of objects by the measuring unit depends on the error in measuring the phase shifts of the received signals (σ _{v (w)} ) and is determined as
σ _r c ˙ σ _{v (w)} / 2 π ˙ f _n . For σ _{v (w)} 0,01 Hz ^(about 3.6), f _n po- 10.0 kHz we obtain σ _r of 50 m, and the area uniquely determine the coordinates of the mobile unit 39 ₁ will be 15 km. When f _pn = 15 kHz, we obtain σ _r 30 m, and the zone of unambiguous determination of the coordinates of the moving object 39 _n is 10 km.

It should be noted that for σ _ϑ 0.01 Hz, the error in measuring the distance r 5 km between the measuring unit 1 and the repeater 20 for the example under consideration is σ _r 0.5 m.

Thus, if moving objects 39 ₁ 39 _n emit signals in the frequency range 10 15 kHz, then the zone of unambiguous measurement of distances r ₁ r _n , r ₁ 'r _n ' is 10 15 km, and the error in determining these distances does not exceed 50 m for considered example.

 The proposed system can also be used to quickly determine the coordinates of stolen vehicles (cars, ships, etc.), while the emitting stations installed on moving objects should begin to emit signals in case of unauthorized movement of the object.

Claims (1)

 DEVICE FOR MEASURING A PHASE OF A RADIO SIGNAL, comprising a measuring unit including a reference generator, a commutator-shaper, a serially connected power amplifier, an antenna switch, a first mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier and an amplitude-phase meter, the output of the reference generator is connected to the second input of the first amplitude-phase meter and the first input of the shaper-switch, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the power amplifier, the first amplitude-phase meter and ant a switch connected to a transceiver antenna, a repeater including a reference oscillator, a driver shaper, a power amplifier connected in series, an antenna switch, a first mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier and an amplitude-phase meter, the output of the reference generator is connected to the second input of the first amplitude-phase meter and the input of the shaper-switch, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the first amplitude-phase meter, power amplifier and antenna a switch connected to a transceiver antenna, characterized in that n emitting stations are introduced into it, each of which contains a reference oscillator, a shaper of the emitted frequency, a power amplifier and a transmitting antenna connected in series, a decision block, a frequency synthesizer and a phase shifter are connected in series the output of which is connected to the input of the power amplifier, a synthesizer of the received frequencies and a series-connected receiving antenna, a second mixer, an industrial amplifier weft frequency and the amplitude-phase meter, the first and second outputs of the decisive unit are connected respectively to the control inputs of the commutator-shaper and phase shifter, the third output with the input of the reference generator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second amplitude-phase meter, the second input of the frequency synthesizer and the first the input of the synthesizer of the received frequencies, the second input of which is connected to the fourth output of the decisive unit, and the output to the second input of the second mixer, the output of the frequency synthesizer is connected to the second the first mixer, the corresponding output of the shaper-switch is connected to the control input of the second amplitude-phase meter, the outputs of the first and second amplitude-phase meters are connected to the first and second inputs of the decision block, respectively, and a decision block, a frequency synthesizer, and a phase shifter are connected in series the output of which is connected to the input of a power amplifier, a synthesizer of the received frequencies and a series-connected receiving antenna, a second mixer, an amplifier between the weft frequency and the amplitude-phase meter, the output of the reference generator is connected to the second input of the second amplitude-phase meter, the second inputs of the frequency synthesizer and synthesizer of the received frequencies, the corresponding output of the switch-phase meter, the second and third outputs of the decision unit are connected respectively to the control input of the phase shifter and the first input of the received frequency synthesizer, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second mixer, and the second input of the first mixer is connected to the second synthesis output ora frequencies outputs of the first and second amplitude-phase meters are connected respectively to the first inputs of the block casting.

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