RU2047481C1 - Wood-working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood-working industry. SUBSTANCE: machine is made according to the driveless scheme with the immediate installation of the replaceable tool on the setting of the electric motor shaft. It has four bearing planes of the bedplate and four working positions of the machine, correspondingly. For different positions and operations various parts and assemblies of fixtures are used. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of the multipurpose wood-working equipment. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the woodworking industry, namely to universal woodworking equipment used both individually and in small enterprises.

 Known household universal woodworking machines manufactured by industry, UBDN-1, KN-1, SKN-2, FPN-1, MP-8-876, built on the principle of transmitting rotational motion to a working body that rotates in pillow bearings through a belt drive.

 However, the known machines have structural and technological complexity, a complicated drive, small opportunities for the operations to be performed, the possibility of backward ejection of parts, the inconvenience of working with long and short workpieces.

 The closest technical solution for design features is a stationary FSH-4 wood milling machine with a vertical working shaft for flat and profile processing of lumber and cutting of simple tenons.

 The FSH-4 machine has a main working plate with guides and clamping elements, in the socket of which an electric motor is installed perpendicular to the latter.

 The main disadvantages of the prototype that impede the achievement of the required technical result are its stationarity, design complexity and low operability, which does not allow for operations such as thicknessing, slotting of the spikes at an angle, circular sawing of the material, turning, sharpening of the tool and skinning of products.

 The invention consists in the creation of a small-sized machine for woodworking with the possibility of multioperation when working with lumber, structurally simple, technologically advanced to manufacture, easy to reorganize from one operation to another, convenient in operation, with acceptable safety, which is achieved by the fact that the machine is made using non-power the scheme (with the direct installation of a replacement tool on the mandrel of the motor shaft) has four supporting planes of the bed and, accordingly, four working positions of the machine, Ali and devices nodes are used for different positions and operations.

 The use of a non-drive scheme makes it possible to significantly simplify the machine, remove a lot of high-precision parts and the drive, which helps to simplify the design and, in turn, makes it possible to use four reference planes to change the positional position of the machine and, accordingly, expands its operability, allows you to perform additional operations not typical of the prototype sawing, turning, thicknessing, tool sharpening and product sanding.

 To achieve the technical result provided by the invention, the woodworking machine, as well as the prototype, includes a main working plate located on the bed with guides and clamping elements, in which a motor is installed perpendicular to the latter.

 In contrast to the prototype, the machine is equipped with an additional plate installed perpendicular to the main working plate with a slot and additional clamping and guiding elements placed on it with the possibility of removal, as well as a removable vertical rack fixed to the main working plate with a bracket with the center placed on it, the axis of which coincides with engine axis, and supporting element.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the machine in the first working position, option a; in FIG. 2 the same, option b; in FIG. 3 the same, option c; in FIG. 4 general view of the machine in the second working position; in FIG. 5 the same, in the third working position; in FIG. 6 the same, in the fourth working position.

 The proposed universal woodworking machine has a bed 1 with a main working plate 2, in the socket of which the motor 3 is mounted perpendicular to the last with a mandrel 4 pressed in on its shaft 4 with a diameter of 32 mm, corresponding to GOST on the tool, and a set of interchangeable tools 5, tightened by nut 6.

 In the first working position (Fig. 1), a movable thrust bracket 7 is installed on the main working plate 2 with two guide plates 8, 9 movable in a horizontal plane with sheet clamps 10, bolts 12 fixed in the holders 11, and also a textolite comb 13 with a movable eccentric 14 and tightening 15. Due to the clamps 10 and the elastic properties of the textolite comb 13, the workpiece fed from right to left, crimped from all sides with the necessary effort, is normally machined with a cutting tool 5 fixed to the frame e 4 of the motor 3. The cam 14 ensures Poggi comb preform 13 without reverse ejection.

In the first working position of the machine, on the through holes located in the corners of the main working plate 2, a rod 17 is fixed through the supports 16, on which the carriage 18 with a clamping clamp 19, with the possibility of fixing in three positions: 0 ^o , 30 ^o , is mounted 45 ^about (Fig. 3).

 In the second working position (figure 4) on the main working plate 2, it is possible to fasten perpendicularly to its surface an additional plate 20 with a slot under the tool 5. Fastening is carried out using two slopes 21 and support legs 22. To the additional plate 20 can be installed device 16- nineteen.

 In the third working position of the machine (Fig. 5), an additional plate 20 with a slot under the saw blade 5 can be fixed to the lateral main working plate 2.

 In the fourth working position of the machine (Fig. 6), a support U-shaped bracket 23 is attached to the main working plate 2 with the ability to move in the slots of the bracket 23 on a vertical stand 24, mounted on the plate 2, with a center 25 whose axis coincides with the axis of the electric motor 3 , on the threaded part of the mandrel 4 which is attached a trident, collet or chuck.

 The machine tool kit includes a level bar used to set the “0” plane of the workpiece from the “0” milling assembly, mounted on the mandrel 4 during longitudinal milling, and a stop square, self-aligning parallel to the circular saw when sawing workpieces and sheet material, and may also include a fixture for slotting grooves with the ability to adjust the width and depth of the groove.

 The machine has a set of protective devices.

 Machine for woodworking is as follows.

 In the first working position of the machine for the production of figured milling (Fig. 1), it is necessary to fix the mandrel 4 through special washers 26, which have clamps in the form of dowels, two identical milling cutters 5 of the required profile and press the assembly through the sleeve 27 with nut 6, install the stop bracket 7 s guide plates 8, 9 are 0.5-1 mm smaller than the maximum cavity of the curly cutter and tighten the screws 28. Then, insert a gasket 0.5-1 mm between the stop bracket 7 and the left plate, tighten the nuts for fastening the plates 8, 9, manually rotate mandrel assembly 4 (zazo p between the maximum protrusion of the cutter and the right and left inserts should not exceed 2-3 mm). Then, by turning, it is necessary to remove the cutter blade on the line of plates 8, 9, press the blank with a textolite comb 13 with zero pressure and fix it. The eccentric 14 needs to create a clamp, in which the workpiece with little effort passes between the plates 8, 9 and comb 13. Next, check the impossibility of backward pulling of the workpiece. Press the workpiece to the plane of the main working plate 2 with clamps 10, while the spring clamps 10 should not enter the milling zone in the free position. Put a protective cover. Free cutting area.

 Turn on the machine and produce a smooth supply of the workpiece from right to left in the cutting zone. After passing half the length of the workpiece, they bypass the machine and feed themselves.

 If it is necessary to combine the base of the workpiece with the zero point of the cutter, a level ruler is attached under the workpiece.

 For the production of direct planing (jointing), similar tuning operations are carried out, replacing the curly milling assembly with a straight or three-knife planing assembly or a cylindrical little-tooth mill of the required height. Longitudinal skinning is possible when replacing cutters with a petal emery assembly.

 For the production of longitudinal spikes, grooves and samples set the appropriate disk cutters through the necessary washers 26 and bushings 27.

For production thicknesser work (2) the stop bracket 7 with the plates 8, 9 are rearranged in the plane 180 ^of the distance of the cutter blades or straight assembly to the desired thickness of the resulting part. The plates 8, 9 are reduced to touch, two textolite combs 13 with two eccentrics 14 are placed, and the outgoing side of the part must be pressed more than the thickness of the layer to be removed.

For the production of tenoning works (figure 3), a fixture with a carriage 18 is installed, after removing the combs 13 with the eccentrics 14. The part is clamped in a clamp 19, an appropriate set of cutters is mounted on the mandrel 4 and the workpieces are machined at the required angle: 0 ^o , 30 ^o , 45 ^about .

 In the second working position of the machine (Fig. 4) for the production of longitudinal sawing of lumber, the machine is placed on the lateral support plane, brackets 21 are attached to an additional plate 20 to the main working plate 2, a circular disk 5 is clamped to the mandrel 4 through a set of washers 26 and bushings 27, set backwater 22 and produce sawn blanks. For the manufacture of dimensional parts set thrust square.

 To perform calibration along the length, trimming perpendicularly and at an angle to the additional plate 20, a carriage 18 with accessories is installed.

 To cut the grooves perpendicular to the workpiece, the saw blade is replaced with an appropriate milling cutter.

 To skin the material, install a disc with a sticker on the end of the sandpaper.

 In the third working position of the machine (Fig. 5), the machine is installed on the front support plane and an additional plate 20 is fixed along the line of the rear support plane with a slot for the saw blade 5 using two slopes 21. In the manufacture of dimensional blanks, a stop triangle is installed.

 In the fourth working position of the machine (Fig.6) for the production of turning, the machine is installed on the lateral plane and attached to the main working plate 2 is a support bracket 23, a vertical stand 24 with a center 25 and a support element 29. The part is clamped between a trident screwed onto a mandrel 4 electric motor 3, and the center 25 with a fixing nut. Turning is carried out with hand tools based on element 29. In this position, tool sharpening and drilling are possible.

 The use of a non-drive scheme makes it possible to significantly simplify the machine, remove a lot of high-precision parts and the drive, which helps to simplify the design and, in turn, makes it possible to use several positional positions of the machine (the changeling machine) and expands its operational efficiency.

Claims (1)

 MACHINE FOR WOODWORKING, on the bed of which is located the main working plate with guides and spring elements, in the socket of which the electric motor is installed perpendicular to the last, characterized in that the machine is equipped with an additional plate installed perpendicular to the main working plate with a slot and additional clamping and guiding elements, as well as a removable vertical rack fixed to the main working plate with a bracket with a center mounted on it Whose axis coincides with the engine axis, and the support member.

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