RU2046663C1 - Meat-and-bone feed mill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: feed production. SUBSTANCE: device has filling hopper 2 and body 1 with shaft-mounted knife drum 3. The drum is a welded structure of disks. Knives 4 are staggered on the external surface of the drum. The knives are semicircles in their vertical section. The internal surfaces of the knives form inlet facets of pockets 5, and the outlet facets of pockets 5 are formed by arches of sectors (angle α = 0-90^°) tangent with them in their end points. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to structural elements of devices for grinding meat and bone feed in the preparation of feed for fur animals in the feed workshops of fur farms.

 Known chopper meat and bone feed containing a hopper and a housing with a knife drum mounted on the shaft, on the outer surface of which are staggered knives under which cut pockets are made (auth. St. USSR N 1794483, class. 02 C 18 / 06, 1993).

 Such a grinder is characterized by insufficient productivity and high energy intensity.

 The technical result consists in increasing productivity and reducing the energy intensity of the grinding process, ensuring the durability and versatility of the knives.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a meat-and-bone feed chopper containing a feed hopper and a housing with a knife drum mounted on the shaft, on the outer surface of which knives are placed staggered under which cut pockets are made, the drum is made of discs welded together, each cutting the knife in a vertical section is made in the form of a half ring with the formation on its inner surface of the input face of the pocket, and the output face of the pocket is formed by the arc of the sector and tangent to it at its extreme point.

 Figure 1 shows the blade of a knife drum; figure 2 chopper.

 A device for grinding meat and bone feed contains a housing 1, in which a loading hopper 2 is located, as well as a knife drum 3 with knives 4 and pockets 5. In the housing 1 there is a transporting screw 6. The chopper working bodies are driven from the electric motor 7 by means of a belt drive 8.

 The chopper works as follows.

 The meat and bone raw material is fed into the loading hopper 2 and enters the working area of the knife drum 3, where the knives 4 cut the chips from the feed, which enters the pocket 5, from where, after cutting is stopped, it enters the conveyor screw 6, which transports the feed for further processing.

 The invention allows to obtain a technical effect, which consists in increasing the performance of the grinder.

, где D диаметр ножевого барабана, м;
Θ₁ угол соскабливания или угол установки ножа, град;
δ вылет ножа, м;
b ширина режущей кромки ножа, м;
n число оборотов ножевого барабана, об/мин;
z число ножей, шт;
γ объемная масса продукта, кг/м³;
η коэффициент использования измельчителя.The performance of the grinder is determined by the formula
Q = 60 V n zγη where V is the volume of chips removed by the knife in one revolution of the knife drum
V

where D is the diameter of the knife drum, m;
Θ ₁ scraping angle or angle of knife installation, degrees;
δ knife outreach, m;
b width of the cutting edge of the knife, m;
n number of revolutions of the knife drum, rpm;
z number of knives, pcs;
γ bulk mass of the product, kg / m ³ ;
η coefficient of use of the grinder.

2,25 определяет увеличение производительности измельчителя в 2,25 раза при неизменных значениях прочих параметров.The proposed installation grinder angle is Θ = ₁ ^90, and in the prototype _1H Θ = ^{40 °,} while in the prototype installation angle of more than ^about 40 unrealistic to implement, since in this case the pocket and knife blade will be outside of the drum. Therefore, the ratio

2.25 determines the increase in the productivity of the grinder 2.25 times with constant values of other parameters.

 The invention provides a reduction in the productivity of energy costs for grinding.

Since in the proposed technical solution, the angle of installation of the knife, and therefore, the cutting angle is Θ ₁ = 90 ^about , i.e. normal chip formation occurs along the arc AB, and not along the arc AB _i <AB, formed by an angle Θ ₁ = 40 ^about , then the grinding process begins from the moment the feed enters the working area of the knife drum and there is no impact and crushing of the feed before grinding, as in the prototype because of arc B _i B, 90 formed ^on = Θ _1, no cutting process, i.e., normal chip formation (figure 1).

 Therefore, the present invention allows to eliminate unproductive energy costs before grinding and thereby reduces the energy intensity of the process as a whole.

 The invention allows for the versatility of knives.

The proposed version of the knives provides for mutual sharpening and therefore already provides a 2-fold increase in the durability of the use of knives. In addition, the proposed version of the knives allows them to be sharpened repeatedly during operation, while the sharpening angle can vary very widely compared to the prototype knives, the sharpening value of which is limited by the angle at which the knife drum pocket is executed, Θ40 ^о , which is very significant because with an increase in the angle of sharpening with a slight increase in energy costs for the grinding process, the durability of the knife increases significantly.

 In addition, the invention allows to provide favorable conditions for the departure of crushed particles from the pocket of a knife drum.

 The present invention provides an almost radial location of the pocket of the knife drum, which provides the most efficient unloading of the pocket after cutting is stopped.

.φ

.

1,2 1,2 раза. Поэтому затраты мощности по переносу измельченного корма в кармане ножевого барабана меньше на 20% по сравнению с прототипом.When Θ 2-3 ^{about the} angle φ66 ^about , and in the prototype Θ _n = 40 ^about , the angle φ = 79 ^about . Therefore, the unloading of the pocket in the proposed technical solution is faster in

1.2 1.2 times. Therefore, the cost of power for the transfer of crushed feed in the pocket of a knife drum is less by 20% compared with the prototype.

 In the present invention, the stresses in dangerous sections of the knife drum body are reduced, i.e. in places of attachment of knives arising from the bending moment acting through the knife, from the cutting force and the shoulder, the value of which is determined by the distance from the line of application of force to the place of attachment of the knife.

 In the present invention, the reduction of stresses in the cross section KL (figure 1) is possible 3 times or more.

Claims (1)

 MEAT AND FOOD GRINDER, containing a feed hopper and a housing with a knife drum mounted on the shaft, on the outside of the surface of which knives are placed staggered under which cut pockets are made, characterized in that the drum is made of discs welded together, each cutting knife in a vertical the section is made in the form of a half ring with the formation on its inner surface of the input face of the pocket, and the output face of the pocket is formed by the arc of the sector and tangent to it at its extreme point.

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