RU2040999C1 - Article production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metal pressure forming. SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of preliminary fixing of an initial blank, having a square cross section, before placing it to a die relative that die by angular portions of the blanks; selecting a diagonal length of the cross section of the blank in a given range; placing the blank in the die by an axial action of a rolling-on punch in order to provide separation of the angular portions of the blank until the length of the diagonal, equal to a diameter of a ready product, is achieved; providing a reliable fixation of the blank in the die due to an enlarged surface of their mutual contact; then performing a deformation of the blank by the rolling-on punch in order to make the article, being round in a plan view. EFFECT: enhanced quality of articles. 1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the manufacture of round in terms of products from a workpiece having a square cross section.

 A known method of manufacturing products, including the installation of a square cross-section of the workpiece in the matrix and its subsequent deformation by a rolling punch to obtain a round in plan products.

 The disadvantage of this method is the limited ability to obtain products of various thicknesses, since only one type of discs are obtained from the original workpiece of a certain thickness in the same tool.

 In addition, upon receipt of disk products in a known manner, the work spent on deformation of the workpieces is significant. This is due to the difficult conditions for the design of product sections located opposite the middle of the sides of the square, which are most recently filled with metal in the matrix (the need for sufficiently large displacements of the metal in radial and tangential directions, hardening during cold and curing during hot deformation). Equipment for stamping by rolling under these conditions for a longer time operates under increased power loading, which leads to premature wear of the products and the diametrical dimensions. In addition, an end burr is formed at the corners of the original square billet.

 The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to expand the range of products obtained while reducing the range of initial blanks, as well as reducing the cost of manufacturing products by facilitating the flow of metal.

The problem is solved in that in the known method of manufacturing products, including the installation of a square cross-section of the workpiece in the matrix and its subsequent deformation by a rolling punch to obtain a round in plan products, use a workpiece with a diagonal cross-sectional length determined from the following ratio:
D _ed + H _zag ≅ L _d ≅ 1.41 D _ed , where L _{d is the} length of the diagonal of the cross section of the workpiece;
D _{ed the} diameter of the finished product;
H _zag height of the initial billet, before installing the workpiece in its matrix carried provisional fixation corners, and the installation process otrubku produce these angles obkatyvali punch.

This method in comparison with the known allows you to expand the range of parts obtained by thickness and at the same time reduce the range of initial blanks. Varying the dimensions of the diagonal cross-section of the original workpiece in the range from D _ed + H _zag. up to 1.41 D _ed . with the same thickness of the initial billet, it is possible to obtain disk products of the same diameter with different final thicknesses. This change in thickness can reach 15-20%
In addition, this method provides a large approximation of the shape and size of the workpiece to the finished product. In this case, the intensity of the metal flow in the matrix in the radial and tangential directions decreases, as well as the metal hardening. With hot stamping, the undermining of the metal is reduced. All this facilitates the filling of the matrix with metal. As a result, the stamping time and, therefore, the work of deformation when rolling the original workpiece into the disk is reduced. This favorably affects the operation of the press equipment, since it works for shorter periods of time under maximum loads. At the same time, its wear is reduced, performance and reliability are increased. There is also the opportunity to stamp products with large diameters, which expands the range of products. The fixation of the workpiece in the matrix is also improved by increasing the surface of their contact.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an implementation of a method of manufacturing products (left in the initial position, right after cutting off the corners of the workpiece); figure 2 is the same, top view.

 The device for implementing the method comprises a matrix 1, a run-in punch 2 and a pusher 3. Four grooves 4 are made in the matrix 1, in which adjustable strips 5 with rectangular recesses 6 are fixed. Protruding angular parts of the initial workpiece 7 are placed in the recesses 6 for fixing it relative to the axis of the matrix 1. Punch 2 receives a rolling motion from a special drive (not shown). The matrix 1 and the ejector 2 are mounted on the press table and can move from their drives in the vertical direction (not shown).

 The method is as follows.

The initial sheet square blank in plan 7, with the size of the diagonal of the cross section, ranging from D _ed. + H _zag. up to 1.41 D _ed. obtained by cutting on press scissors is mounted on the matrix 1, fixing it with the corners in the rectangular recesses of 6 adjustable bars 5. When the press is turned on, its table rises up, and with it the matrix 1, ejector 3 and the original workpiece 7. When In this case, the rolling punch 2 first enters the matrix 1 and is centered on it, then it exerts a force on the workpiece 7 and under the action of the sharp edges of the matrix 1 and punch 2, the corners 8 are cut off (separated) on the workpiece until its diagonal length equal to the diameter Started products.

 The diagonal dimensions of the initial blank are determined as follows.

To ensure a high-quality cut when cutting corners of the workpiece with a rolling punch, the size of the cut-off part a must be not less than the height of the workpiece N _zag . In this case, the minimum length of the diagonal of the cross section of the original workpiece is D _ed N _zag .

The maximum length of the diagonal is 1.41 D _ed. is determined from the condition that the disk is entered into the original square billet in the absence of jumpers. Metal waste at the initial workpiece D _ed + H _zag (minimum length of the diagonal) is insignificant and does not exceed 1.5 to 5%. As the length of the workpiece increases, the diagonal of the metal waste increases and becomes maximum at a diagonal of 1.41 D _ed. However, they are smaller than when cutting a disk from a flat workpiece (due to the exclusion of metal waste in the bridges between the workpieces). In this case, a possible non-filling along the contour is eliminated during the subsequent stamping by rolling.

 With further movement of the table up, the semi-finished product 9 with cut off corners is rolled by a rolling punch 2 to the disk. After lowering the press table down, the finished product is pushed out of the matrix 1 by the ejector 3.

 The stamped product and waste are removed. The ejector 3 is returned to its original position. The stamping cycle can be repeated.

 For stamping a disk of a different thickness, the strips 5 are set accordingly.

The testing of the method was carried out on a hydraulic press for stamping by rolling in a mod. P2940 SHO (development of the Izhevsk Mechanical Institute) with an effort of 10,000 kN. The initial square blank in plan of steel 20 GOST 1054 74 had dimensions: the length of the diagonal of the square ranged from 186-240 mm, thickness 16 mm. When stamping, the angle of inclination of the axis of the punch to the axis of the matrix was 0.035 rad, feed S 1.7 mm / rev. The blanks prior to stamping into a resistance heated electric furnace to 740 ^° C Maximum punching force is 2300 kN. Received disk products with dimensions: outer diameter 170 mm, height within 12-16 mm. The resulting products according to accuracy correspond to 13-14 quality, surface roughness is 3.2 microns. The time for stamping by rolling (rolling), depending on the thickness of the product, was 8-4 s.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS, including the installation of a square cross-section of the workpiece in the matrix and its subsequent deformation by a rolling punch to obtain a round product in plan, characterized in that the workpiece is used with a diagonal cross-sectional length determined from the following ratio:
D _{and h d} + H _{h a r} ≅ L _{d s} ≅ 1,41D _{and d,}
where L _{d the} length of the diagonal of the cross section of the workpiece;
D _{and z d the} diameter of the finished product;
H _{z a g the} height of the original workpiece,
Before installing the workpiece in the matrix, it is pre-fixed with corners, and during installation, these angles are chopped off with a rolling punch.

Images