RU203792U1 - Trauma First Aid Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to devices used in disaster medicine. A device for first aid in trauma, which is a multilayer dressing bag in an airtight shell, while the outer layer of the bag consists of a plate of self-hardening polymer clay 5 mm thick, in which there are through holes with a diameter of 3 mm, located over the entire surface in a checkerboard pattern of five holes per 1 cm2, the middle layer consists of a padding polyester layer 3 mm thick, the inner layer consists of three layers of medical gauze impregnated with chlorhexidine bigluconate. 1 ill.

Description

Technical field to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to devices used in disaster medicine.

State of the art

Injuries to soft tissues and organs are the most common injuries sustained by victims, as well as by persons participating in the elimination of a complicated emergency. It should be noted that in modern conditions, despite the high level of medicine, mortality in the focus of a complicated emergency situation can reach 40%. This is due to the untimely provision of medical care in the outbreak, the remoteness of the stages of medical evacuation and the use of obsolete materials and equipment for first aid. The main unfavorable factors acting in case of injury are: the presence of prolonged bleeding under the applied bandage, significant contamination of the wound surface with microorganisms that are resistant to most modern antibiotics used orally.

Currently, there are two approaches to the development of devices for first aid in case of injuries - this is the use of a dressing bag in the form of a bandage or the introduction of a substance into the wound that promotes blood coagulation.

For first aid, various options for an individual dressing package can be used (regulated by GOST 1179-93) [Sakhno II, Sakhno VI. Disaster medicine (organizational issues. M .: GOU VUNMTs MZ FR, 2001 - S. 126-127]:

an individual dressing package, consisting of a package, a dressing set, including two absorbent pads and a fixing bandage, one of the pads fixed motionlessly on the fixing bandage, and the second with the ability to move, characterized in that the pads contain at least two layers - atraumatic sorption and protective, fixing bandage is made of elastic knitted material, and the package has an outer layer of lavsan, a second layer of foil and an inner polyethylene layer [patent for invention No. 2164150 dated 09.07.1997 A61L 15/00, A61F 13/00];

individual antiseptic dressing package, including a package, a cotton pad, which contains an antiseptic substance and a plaster for fixing the pad on the wound surface [USSR author's certificate 31578, class. A61F 13/02, 1932];

an individual dressing bag containing a gauze bandage and a compress pad attached to the inner side of the strip at a point intermediate between the ends of the strip. And the outer side of the pad has a support member of an impermeable flexible material that covers the area. A layer of glue is applied to the support element from its inner side, due to which it is attached to the strip and through the strip to the back side of the compression pad [US patent 3421502, cl. A61L 15/00];

an individual dressing bag containing a pad and a fixing element, for example a bandage, fixed on the outside, with two ends, one of which is of limited length, and the other in the roll. The pad of the bag is equipped with at least one loop, commensurate with the roll of the bandage and located on the side of the free end of the bandage of limited length, or a slot located along the side edge of the pad [see. USSR author's certificate 1635984, class. A61F 13/00, 1991];

a product resulting from the implementation of the "Method of local hemostasis in case of explosive wounds" [application for the issuance of a patent for invention No. 2014105793/15 dated 17.02.2014]. The authors propose to make a multilayer gauze napkin from two 4-layer gauze napkins, while between the two 4-layer gauze napkins a layer of hemostatic agent "Hemostop" is applied in the amount of 1.0-2.0 g per 1 cm ² , then the obtained multilayer gauze a napkin is applied to the wound.

It should be noted that the military, police and rescuers have an individual first-aid kit (AI-1, AI-2, KIMGZ and their analogues), where there is a broad-spectrum antibiotic for oral administration. For moderate and severe injuries and burns, 1-2 tablets of this antibiotic are used in accordance with the instructions in the medicine cabinet [Sakhno I.I. “Sakhno V.I. Disaster medicine (organizational issues. M .: GOU VUNMTs MZ FR, 2001 - p. 124].

As a prototype, we adopted the previously developed "Device with antibacterial and hemostatic properties for first aid in case of injuries" [RF patent for useful model No. 164322 dated 03.16.2016]. The essence of the utility model is that to stop external bleeding, a napkin made of hemostatic collagen plates is used in combination with antibacterial and hemostatic drugs, while it consists of at least two hemostatic collagen plates with a thickness of at least 3 millimeters, while the lower plate is covered with a mixture of powders zeolite and sulfanilamide in equal proportions with a thickness of at least 1 mm, and the upper plate is impregnated with gentamicin at the rate of 40 mg per 1 cubic centimeter of the plate; napkins can be packed in a sterile sheath.

The prototype and analogues have the following disadvantages:

1) there is no possibility of fixing the affected limb or part of the victim's body to prevent further trauma;

2) there is no possibility of long-term storage of the manufactured device due to the decomposition of the antibacterial or anesthetic component upon contact with moist air;

3) a high probability of absorption of antibacterial drugs through damaged skin and mucous membranes can lead to intoxication or the development of side effects, especially during long-term transportation of the victim to a medical institution;

4) the low efficiency of oral administration of antibacterial drugs, due to the impossibility of long-term maintenance of a high concentration of the antibacterial drug (fractional parenteral administration is necessary), the low concentration of the antibacterial drug in the wound leads to the rapid growth of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms;

5) the introduction of a sorbing layer into the dressing can lead to the development of anaerobic infection due to the creation of a favorable oxygen-free nutrient medium and sealing the wound surface from oxygen access.

In the claimed device, the listed disadvantages are eliminated.

Disclosure of a utility model

The authors propose a device for first aid in trauma, which is a multilayer dressing bag in a sealed sheath, characterized in that the outer layer of the bag (Fig. 1, position 1) consists of a plate of self-hardening polymer clay 5 mm thick, in which there are through holes with a diameter of 3 mm (Fig. 1, position 2), located over the entire surface in a checkerboard pattern of five holes per 1 cm ² , the middle layer (Fig. 1, position 3) consists of a padding polyester layer 3 mm thick, the inner layer (Fig. 1, position 4) consists of three layers of medical gauze impregnated with chlorhexidine bigluconate.

The device we offer has a number of advantages:

1) self-hardening clay allows you to create an outer frame in the damaged area;

2) perforation of the plate reduces the risk of developing diaper rash;

3) the use of padding polyester allows you to avoid bedsores;

4) three layers of gauze allow, when removing the bandage, not to tear it off, but to soak it layer by layer;

5) topical application of chlorhexidine bigluconate prevents the development of wound infection.

The technical result of using the device is a combination of splinting and bandaging of the wound area with one device.

To characterize the utility model, the following features of the device are used, in particular:

the outer layer of the package consists of a plate of self-hardening polymer clay 5 mm thick,

in the plate of self-hardening polymer clay there are through holes with a diameter of 3 mm, located over the entire surface in a checkerboard pattern of five holes per 1 cm ² ,

the middle layer consists of a padding polyester layer 3 mm thick,

the inner layer consists of three layers of medical gauze impregnated with chlorhexidine bigluconate.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device we proposed:

position 1 plate of self-hardening polymer clay;

position 2 - through holes with a diameter of 3 mm;

position 3 - padding polyester layer 3 mm thick;

position 4 - three layers of impregnated medical gauze.

Implementation of the utility model

The proposed device can be applied as follows.

Example # 1

1. In case of injury, open the sealed bag and take out the device.

2. Put the device on the wound with the plastic facing out.

3. On the victim we form a tire of polymer clay.

4. We are waiting for 30 minutes - clay hardening.

5. The patient can be transported to a medical facility.

Claims (2)

1. A device for first aid in trauma, which is a multilayer dressing bag in a sealed sheath, characterized in that the outer layer of the bag consists of a plate of self-hardening polymer clay 5 mm thick, in which there are through holes with a diameter of 3 mm, located over the entire surface in staggered by five holes per 1 cm ² , the middle layer consists of a padding polyester layer 3 mm thick, the inner layer consists of three layers of medical gauze impregnated with chlorhexidine bigluconate. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is packed in a sterile envelope.

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