RU2037286C1 - Device for growing hydroponic green fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: device comprising a body, grain trays, a system for supply of nutrient solution to trays, and a control system is characterized in that each tray has a divider with a clearance and a guide on its bottom. Divider forms a grain-free zone in the tray. This zone and the tray wall are provided with holes. The solution enters the zone through the holes in the form of a free-falling jet and is drained into the underlying tray over the guide. EFFECT: higher efficiency of growing the green fodder achieved by increasing reliability of the device and reducing the amount of labor involved. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural technology and can be used in the construction of devices for growing hydroponic green fodder (GZK) from grain cereal plants.

 A known method for growing plants without soil according to the application of England N 2130465, class. A 01 G 31/02, published. 06/06/84. The method includes feeding a nutrient solution into pallets under a water-absorbing straw carrier on which the grain is placed, distributing the solution over the volume of feed from the roots through the carrier and draining the solution from the pallets.

 The disadvantage of this method is the use of a carrier in which, under the influence of humidity, harmful putrefactive microorganisms develop that degrade the quality of the feed.

 Closest to the technical nature of the achieved technical result to the invention is a method for growing hydroponic green food according to the application of France N 2554315, class. A 01 G 31/02, published. 10/05/85. The method includes feeding the nutrient solution into the pallets from below through the pipeline, distributing the solution according to the volume of roots from the side of the roots of the sprouted grain, and draining the solution from the pallets through the same pipeline.

 Favorable conditions for the development of harmful microorganisms are eliminated by irrigation of grain from the root side without a carrier, however, due to the use of inlet-outlet pipelines, the conditions for their clogging with grain are created, which reduces the reliability of the device for growing GZK.

 A device for growing plants without soil is known according to the application of England N 2130465, class. A 01 G 31/02, published. 06/06/84, containing a vaulted casing with pallets and a system for supplying pallets with a straw carrier with a nutrient solution, including inclined supports.

 The disadvantages of the device are inherent in the method that uses for the cultivation of GZK carrier-straw, which reduces the quality of the feed.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result to the invention is a device for growing hydroponic green food according to the application of France N 2554315, class. A 01 G 31/02, published. 10/05/85, containing a housing with pallets for grain located in it one above the other, a system for supplying pallets with a nutrient solution from the side of the roots of sprouted grain using detachable supply-discharge pipes and a control system for the growing process.

 Due to the use of a pallet supply system with a nutrient solution from the roots of the sprouted grain, the quality of the feed increases, however, the efficiency of the GZK cultivation process is insufficient due to the laboriousness of connecting-disconnecting the pipelines, as well as reducing the reliability of the device due to possible clogging of the pipelines with grain.

 The proposed device for growing hydroponic green feed eliminates the disadvantages of the known. The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of the process of growing GZK by increasing the reliability of the device and reducing the complexity of the growing process.

 Improving the reliability in the method of growing GZK, which includes feeding the nutrient solution into pallets, distributing the solution according to the volume of feed from the roots of the sprouted grain and draining the solution from the pallets, is achieved by supplying the nutrient solution therein by supplying the solution from above in the form of a jet into the allocated free from the feed the area of the upper pallets, the distribution of the solution is carried out by flowing it through the gap from the feed-free zone to the feed-filled pan from the roots, and the solution is drained due to its free draining from each upstream pallet into the feed-free zone of the downstream pallet.

 Improving the reliability and reducing the complexity of the process in the device for growing GZK, containing a housing with pallets for grains located one above the other, a system for supplying pallets with nutrient solution from the roots of the sprouted grain, and a control system for the growing process, is achieved by the fact that each pallet is equipped with it a separator fixed in it with a gap and forming a compartment for receiving the solution, separated from the grain and located coaxially with respect to the compartments of the lower and higher pallets, as well as liquids for draining the solution, mounted on the pallet in the continuation of the wall adjacent to the compartment and located above the compartment of the underlying pallet, holes for draining the solution are made in the wall and bottom of each pallet in the compartment area, the holes in the wall are located at the level of the specified filling of the pallet with the solution, and the weekend openings of the system for supplying pallets with a solution are located above the compartments for receiving the solution of the upper pallets.

 In the proposed technical solution, there is no need to use the supply and exhaust pipelines of each pallet, since the nutrient solution is fed into the pallets from above in the form of a jet into the upper pallets, its distribution by the volume of roots is carried out by flowing it through the gap from the feed-free zone to the feed-filled pallet from the side of the roots, and the solution is drained by freely draining it from each upstream pallet into the free zone of the downstream pallet, which increases by the reliability of the device due to the elimination of the possibility of clogging of the device and reduces the complexity of the process by eliminating the operations of connecting and disconnecting pipelines.

 When growing GZK by the proposed device, pallets with germinated grain are installed one above the other. A grain-free zone is distinguished in each pallet, made relative to the grain zone with a gap, and the rest of the pallet area is filled with grain. The solution is supplied to the grain-free zone of the upper pallets in the form of a jet. The draining of the solution from the pallets is carried out so that the solution from each of the upstream pallets flows freely into the feed-free zone of the downstream pallets. As a result, the solution enters first into the upper pallets, flows from the grain-free zone into the zone with grain through the gap, fills it and moistens the roots of the grain, then flows freely into the grain-free zone of the lower pallets, similarly fills this pan and all other lower pallets . Under the influence of a solution, light and optimal temperature, the grain sprouts and after eight days turns into green fodder.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device for growing GZK; in FIG. 2 same, top view; in FIG. 3 sectional pallet design; in FIG. 4 sectional view of a variant of a pallet; in FIG. 5 same, top view.

 In the housing 1 on the racks 2 with guides 3 are located one above the other pallets 4 for grain. A container 5 is provided for preliminary soaking of grain, a container 6 is used for germinating it. The system for supplying pallets 4 with a nutrient solution includes a tank 7 with a pump 8, a pipe 9 and a pipe 10 with outlet openings 11. The cultivation process control system includes a software electronic device 12, a bubbling compressor 13 , fixtures 14 and temperature controller 15. Each pallet 4 is equipped with a separator 16 in the form of a plate vertically located over the entire width of the pallet 4 with a gap 17 relative to the bottom 18 of the pallet 4. The separator 16 forms a compartment 19 in the pallet 4. The compartments 19 of all the lower pallets are aligned. In the bottom 18 of the pallets 4, holes 20 are made in the area of the compartments 19, and in the wall 21 of the hole 22 at the level of the specified filling of the pallets 4 with the solution. The outlet openings 11 of the system for supplying pallets 4 with a solution are located above the compartments 19 of the upper pallets. At the bottom 18 of each pallet 4, along the wall 21, a guide 23 is formed, located above the compartment 19 of the downstream pallet. Alternatively, the separator may be made in the form of a bent plate 24 located relative to the wall 21 with a gap 25.

 The device operates as follows.

 After preliminary soaking in a container 5 with water while sparging it with a compressor 13, the grain is germinated in a container 6, then it is poured into pallets 4 sequentially in rows. From the outlet openings 11 of the system for supplying pallets with a solution, the latter, in the form of a jet, enters the compartment 19 of the upper pallets 4 in the form of a jet from the compartment 19; through the gap 19, the solution fills the tray 4 with grain from the root side, without falling onto green sprouts, to the level holes 22 in the wall 21. Through holes 22 along the guide 23 and through holes 20 in the bottom 18 of the pallets 4, the solution flows in the form of a jet into the compartment 19 of the downstream pallets 4, and from them into the compartment 19 of the following downstream pallets 4.

 The watering mode of the software electronic device 12 is set so that all pallets 4 are filled to the level specified by the holes 22, after which watering is stopped, and through the holes 20 in the bottom 18 of the pallets 4, the solution is drained from the pallets 4. The software electronic device 12 also provides the necessary lighting modes and maintain temperature.

 The proposed method and device for growing GZK are new, not known from the prior art at the time of filing of materials for patenting, have an inventive step, since they do not explicitly follow from the prior art and are industrially applicable, since they are used in the hydroponic installation "New" prepared for production by the enterprise of MNPP of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia. Tests of the installation confirm its high reliability in operation, ease of maintenance and the effectiveness of the obtained GZK as an additive to the main feed for fattening pigs. According to the fattening of control groups of pigs, it follows that animals using GZK are ahead in the growth of animals with a diet without GZK, reaching a daily gain of 1.6-2 times more and genetic potential in a significantly shorter period.

Claims (2)

 1. DEVICE FOR GROWING HYDROPONIC GREEN FODDER, comprising a housing with belt pans for grain located in it, each of which with a gap relative to the bottom and with the formation of a compartment, has a separator in the form of a vertical plate, a feed system for the nutrient solution of pallets, the outlet openings of which are located above the compartment of the upper pallets, while on the wall of the pallet a guide for fixing the solution is fixed and an opening for draining the solution is made, characterized in that it is equipped with a control system For cultivation, the separators in the pan relative to each other are installed vertically and the wall with the guide fixed on it is located in the compartment area and a hole is made in it for draining the solution, while a hole is made in the bottom of the pallet in the compartment area.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator is made in the form of a bent plate adjacent with a gap with its ends to the wall of the pallet.

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