RU2034943C1 - Method of refractory finishing of cellulose-containing textile materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry. SUBSTANCE: flax-cotton-terlon cloth is impregnated at the room temperature with the water solution containing 25-95 grams/liter of the product on the base of the mixture of the ammonium polyphosphates containing the cations of copper, zinc and aluminium with the mass relationship P₂O₅: Ni: Cu: Zn:Al - 170:50:1:1:1, correspondingly, and it is dried at the temperature up to 120 C. The indicators of the material properties are: the time of residual combustion and glowing after the contact with the flame according to GOST (All-union State Standard) 15898-70 is 10 and 30 s for the flax-cotton cloths containing 30% of polyether fiber of terlon, % s. , the resistance to burning according to GOST 12.4.052-78 for the flax-cotton cloths, type of merchandise 11287, is 70-87 s and for the flax-cotton-terlon cloths is 155-422 s. The resistance to the cloth wear, type of merchandise 11287, is 1000-1160 cycles, for the flax-cotton-terlon cloths it is 1180-1400 cycles. The soundness reduction after the cloth impregnation, type of merchandise 11287, is 8,3-16.1%, for the flax-cotton-terlon cloths it is 6.3-11.3%. The endurance of the ultraviolet exposure during 120 and 240 hours in per cent from the initial endurance): for the cloths, type of merchandise 11287, is 27.4-37.1 and 12.0-29.7%, correspondingly, for the flax-cotton-terlon cloths is 36.2-39.3 and 23.8-31.2%, correspondingly. According to GOST 8977-59 the hardness of the flax-cotton cloths is 6.1-19.3 gauss, of the flax-cotton-terlon cloths is 5.8-8.8 gauss. EFFECT: facilitated manufacture. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the textile industry, and in particular to technology for flame retardant finishing of special-purpose fabrics, for example, for workers in hot shops (welders, blacksmiths, thermists, etc.). During the operation of overalls, such a fabric is exposed to sparks and splashes of molten metal, UV and IR radiation, which leads to its rapid destruction. For sewing such workwear, flax cotton synthetic fabrics are usually used.

 A known method of fire-retardant finish cottonseed fabric by impregnating it with an aqueous solution containing wt.

Interaction product
urea phosphoric acid 10
Urea 5
Zinc Halide 5
Hexamethylenetetramine (urotropin) 1
Water 79
followed by extraction, drying and heat treatment at 150-160 ^о С (1).

 However, the fire retardant effect of the fabric obtained by this method is not high enough. The degree of combustibility of the tissue by weight loss during combustion is 3.8% and the residual burning time is 2 s. (Tests according to GOST 17088-71).

 There is also known a method of fire retardant treatment of cellulose-containing fibrous materials by impregnation with an aqueous solution of ammonium polyphosphates with a concentration of 1-30 wt. drying and heat treatment (2).

 However, the use of this method to impart flame retardant properties to a textile material, for example, fabric, is not effective. In addition, during the finishing process, the strength of the material drops sharply.

 In addition, there is a known method of fire retardant treatment of cellulose-containing fibrous materials by impregnating them with a composition based on ammonia treatment products of organic phosphates containing cations of iron, zinc and copper, followed by drying (3).

 This method is also not effective in the case of processing textile cellulose-containing materials, for example, fabrics made from a mixture of flax, cotton and polyester fiber.

 According to another known method (4), in order to impart flame retardant properties to textile materials from synthetic fibers, they are impregnated with a composition based on a mixture of phosphates and polyphosphates of zinc and aluminum with ammonium polyphosphates.

 This method is also not effective if it is used for fire protection of cellulose-containing textile materials.

The closest to the invention in technical essence, taking into account the achieved result, is a method of fire-resistant finishing of cellulose-containing textile materials, for example, flax cotton fabrics by soaking them twice at 35-40 ^о С with a solution containing 80-120 g / l orthophosphoric acid and 180-200 as a flame retardant g / l urea, followed by extraction and drying (5).

 The aim of the invention is to increase the resistance of textile materials to burning.

This problem is solved by the method of fire-resistant finishing of cellulose-containing textile materials by impregnating them with an aqueous solution of phosphorus and nitrogen-containing flame retardant, followed by drying, according to the invention, the textile material is subjected to a mixture of cellulose and polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fibers, and the product is used as a phosphorus and nitrogen-containing flame retardant based on a mixture of polypropylene ammonium cations containing copper, zinc and aluminum, a weight ratio of P ₂ O _5: N: Cu: Zn: Al , respectively, 170: 50: 1: 1: 1, and the impregnation is carried out at a concentration in solution of 25-95 g / l. The product used in the method according to the invention based on ammonium polyphosphates containing cations of copper, zinc and aluminum (TU 6-47-81-90) is obtained in the process of high temperature ammonia gas treatment of aluminum oxide hydrate, zinc hydroxide and copper sulfate with phosphoric acid ( see One-time production schedule for the production of ammonium polyphosphates containing cations of copper, zinc and aluminum. Sakki KNPO "Iodobrom", 1990).

The product is a blue liquid with a pH of 6.7-7.0 and has the following properties:
Solution density
at 20 ^о С 1370 ± 20 kg / m ³
Mass fraction of nitrogen not less than 10%
Mass fraction of copper not less than 0.21%
Mass fraction of aluminum
minia not less than 0.21%
Mass fraction of zinc not less than 0.21%
the general formula of polyphosphates (NH ₄ ) H _{(nm) + 2} P _n O _{3n + 1} , where m = 1-3; n is 1-4;
Crystallization temperature
product 18 ^about With
Heat capacity 1.95 kJ / kg
Thermal conductivity 5.04 W / m˙ K
Viscosity at ²⁰ ° C not more than 4.2 MPa.

 Especially effective is the finishing of flax cotton polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fabrics from the point of view of the highest resistance of the material to burning.

 The invention is illustrated by the following examples and a table that shows the properties of materials after finishing.

 In all examples, as polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber, the fabric contains a Theron brand fiber.

PRI me R 1 (prototype). Lnohlopkoterlonovuyu fabric (warp: 80% cotton terlon 30%), ducks: Flax 80% terlon 20%) is impregnated with a solution containing 100 g / l of phosphoric acid and 180 g / L urea at ³⁵ ° C for 30 min, followed by drying at ¹¹⁰ ° C to a moisture content of 6%
PRI me R 2 (prototype). Flax cotton fabric art. 11287, is impregnated with a solution containing 100 g / l of phosphoric acid, 180 g / L urea at ³⁵ ° C for 30 minutes followed by drying at ¹¹⁰ ° C to a moisture content of 6%
PRI me R 3. The fabric from example 1 is impregnated at 18 ^about With an aqueous solution containing 25 g / l of a product based on a mixture of ammonium polyphosphates containing cations of copper, zinc and aluminum, followed by drying at 110 ^about To a moisture content of 6 %
PRI me R 4. The fabric from example 1 is impregnated at 20 ^about With an aqueous solution containing 60 g / l of a product based on a mixture of ammonium polyphosphates containing cations of copper, zinc and aluminum, followed by drying at 115 ^about To a moisture content of 7 %
EXAMPLE Example 5. Fabric of Example 1 was impregnated at ²³ ° C solution containing 95 g / l of the product based on ammonium polyphosphate from Example 3, followed by drying at ¹²⁰ ° C to a moisture content of 8%
PRI me R 6 (comparative). The fabric from Example 1 was impregnated with 20 ^C aqueous solution containing 100 g / l of the product based on ammonium polyphosphate from Example 3, followed by drying at 115 ^C to a moisture content of 8%
PRI me R 7 (comparative). The fabric from Example 1 was impregnated at room temperature with an aqueous solution containing 20 g / l of the product based on ammonium polyphosphate from Example 3, followed by drying at ¹¹⁵ ° C to a moisture content of 6%
PRI me R 8 (comparative). Flax cotton fabric art. 11287 is processed as in example 3.

 PRI me R 9 (comparative). Thelon tissue is treated as in Example 4.

 Indicators of tissue resistance in examples 1-9 to burning according to GOST 12.4-052-78 and fire resistance according to GOST 15898-75 are shown in the table.

 As the data in the table shows, the fire resistance of linen and cotton fiber fabrics, as well as from a mixture of linen and cotton fibers with terlon fiber treated with the method according to the invention, are at the prototype level, and the resistance to burning of flax-cotton fabric is increased by 1.5-4, 4 times. At the same time, the resistance of such tissues to abrasion and UV radiation is slightly increased.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR FIRE-RESISTANT FINISHING OF CELLULOSE-CONTAINING TEXTILE MATERIALS by impregnating them with an aqueous solution of phosphorus and nitrogen-containing flame retardant, followed by drying, characterized in that the textile material is subjected to decoration from a mixture of cellulose and polyparaphenylene terephthalamide-based azole-based fiber-based material cations of copper, zinc and aluminum, with a mass ratio of P ₂ O ₅ N Cu Zn Al respectively 170 50 1 1 1 and the impregnation is carried out at a concentration of gauge 25 95 g / l.

Images