RU203029U1 - SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

The installation relates to the field of biological treatment of domestic and, in part, similar in composition to domestic, industrial wastewater using free floating activated sludge; the technical result is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment and eliminate the likelihood of untreated or insufficiently treated wastewater entering the environment; achieved by performing a wastewater treatment plant containing a housing 37, divided inside by partitions into four chambers: a receiving chamber 1, aeration tank 2, a secondary clarifier 3 and a sludge stabilizer 4; an aeration system connected to the control unit 36 and at least two compressors 20 and 21, which includes: a turbo mode subsystem, a direct cleaning phase subsystem and a reverse cleaning phase subsystem; the turbo mode subsystem includes a turbo air distributor 23 connected to the main pump 11, to the circulator pump of the aeration tank 12 and to the purge air duct of the main pump with the corresponding air ducts: the main pump air duct 26, the circulator pump air duct 28 and the main pump purge air duct 27; the direct cleaning phase subsystem comprises, on the one hand, an air distributor 24, on the other hand, an aerator of an aeration tank 16 and an air duct for external blowing of a coarse fraction filter 8, interconnected by air ducts 29 (air duct of the aerator aerator) and 32 (air duct for blowing a coarse filter) the subsystem of the reverse cleaning phase contains an air distributor 25 on one side, and on the other side an aerator of the receiving chamber 15, a sludge stabilizer pump 14, an aeration tank pump - a recirculator 13 and a secondary clarifier pump - a grease remover 17, interconnected by air ducts 31, 30, 33 and 34 accordingly, the distributor 25 is connected by the secondary clarifier purge air duct 35 to the secondary clarifier purge nozzle 18.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of biological treatment of domestic and, in part, similar in composition to domestic, industrial wastewater using free floating activated sludge.

Known installation for water purification, containing a housing with equalizing and activation chambers, a settling chamber, an aeration system with at least two compressors, pumps and aerators, connected to a control unit, with the possibility of regulating the forward and reverse cycles of waste water purification. The control unit provides automatic control of the operating modes of the installation according to a given program with the possibility of correcting the operating mode (with fluctuations in the flow of wastewater) according to the signals of the level sensors (patent RU 2162062, 2001). The disadvantage of the installation is the complexity of the design, which complicates the operation and reduces the reliability of the installation, as well as the insufficient degree of wastewater treatment.

There is also known an installation (patent for a useful model RU 75186, 04/25/2008), which is a container containing a housing, a receiving chamber located in the housing with a sewage supply, an aeration tank, a secondary clarifier and an activated sludge stabilizer, while the receiving chamber contains a coarse filter cleaning and a means of blowing it, level sensors and a pump for pumping wastewater, a grease separator and a blowdown of a secondary clarifier are located in the secondary clarifier, and the receiving chamber and aeration tank are equipped with aerators, air supply to which, as well as pumps installed in the receiving chamber, aeration tank and the secondary clarifier carried out from at least two compressors located inside or outside the container body.

The disadvantage of this installation is that it requires periodic removal and cleaning of the filter of coarse fractions and the main pump. Contamination of the filter of coarse fractions (coarse sewage) occurs due to the lack of purging in the reverse phase of the unit operation, and clogging of the main pump occurs due to the lack of purging. In the event of a failure of the compressor operating to provide the direct phase, the installation becomes completely inoperative, and the failure of the second compressor (reverse phase) is not signaled in any way, while the quality of cleaning is noticeably reduced due to the absence of reverse phase processes. In this case, the likelihood of the activated sludge dying out due to the cessation of air supply to the sludge chamber increases. In case of untimely registration of a compressor failure (reverse phase), the signaling of which is not provided, it is necessary to restart the unit with pumping out of dead sludge.

Due to the low position of the inlet pipe, the working volume of the installation is significantly reduced.

The closest solution to the proposed utility model is a wastewater treatment plant (patent RU 97362 dated 05/27/2010), containing a housing in which there are a receiving chamber, an aeration tank, a secondary clarifier and a sludge stabilizer separated by partitions, as well as connected to the control unit and connected to at least one compressor through the solenoid valve aeration system, consisting of a turbo mode subsystem, a direct cleaning phase subsystem and a reverse cleaning phase subsystem. The disadvantage of this installation is the need to have a voltage stabilizer in the configuration, which ensures the normal operation of the electromagnetic valve and one compressor, and as a consequence, insufficient reliability when operating under conditions of frequent voltage drops and the absence of mains voltage stabilizers.

Installation for water purification, according to the proposed utility model, allows you to overcome these disadvantages.

The technical challenge is to develop an easy-to-manufacture and maintain unit with high reliability, while improving the quality of wastewater treatment and eliminating the likelihood of untreated or insufficiently treated wastewater entering the environment.

The technical result is the creation of an installation that completely solves the set tasks.

The description of the installation for water purification is illustrated by the drawing shown in figure 1, which indicates the following positions:

1 - receiving chamber;

2 - aerotank;

3 - secondary clarifier;

4 - sludge stabilizer;

5 - primary compartment;

6 - capacity of purified water;

7 - flow damper;

8 - filter of coarse fractions;

9 - dirty water pump;

10 - purified water pump;

11 - main pump;

12 - aeration tank pump - circulator;

13 - aeration tank pump - recirculator;

14 - sludge stabilizer pump;

15 - intake chamber aerator;

16 - aerator for aeration tank;

17 - secondary clarifier pump - grease remover;

18 - secondary clarifier purge nozzle;

19 - pressure sensor;

20 - compressor; (direct phase)

21 - compressor; (reverse phase)

22 - check valve; (by the number of compressors)

23 - turbo air distributor;

24 - air distributor - direct phase;

25 - air distributor - reverse phase;

26 - air line of the main pump;

27 - air line for purging the main pump;

28 - air line of the circulator pump;

29 - air duct of the aerator of the aeration tank;

30 - air line of the sludge stabilizer pump;

31 - air duct of the receiving chamber aerator;

32 - air line for blowing the filter of coarse fractions;

33 - recirculator air duct;

34 - air duct of the grease remover;

35 - air line for blowing down the secondary clarifier;

36 - control unit;

37 - installation body.

The installation for wastewater treatment that provides the technical result contains a one-piece body 37, equipped with additional stiffeners (not indicated in the diagram), which is divided inside by partitions into four chambers: a receiving chamber 1, aeration tank 2, a secondary clarifier 3 and a sludge stabilizer 4. Operation mode control - direct and reverse phase, carried out automatically from the control unit 36 by signals from the pressure sensor 19. The principle of operation of the installation is based on the biological method of wastewater treatment with the use of free floating activated sludge and attached microflora using intermittent aeration, carried out by means of at least two compressors 20 and 21, each of which is equipped with check valves 22.

The air lines from the compressors 20 and 21, in addition to supplying air to the distributors in accordance with the designation - direct or reverse phase, are combined through check valves 22 to the turbo air distributor 23. The principle of the combined air system is that in the air distributor 23, regardless of whether whichever compressor is in operation, air pressure is always present. This ensures the constant operation of the main pump 11, the purge of the main pump 27 and the aeration tank pump - circulator 12, which are connected to the turbo air distributor 23 by appropriate air ducts. Check valves prevent air supply to valves that are not involved in the current phase of the unit operation.

Air distributors (23, 24 and 25) are hollow bodies of a cylindrical or spherical shape made of polymeric material, mainly polypropylene and equipped with compressed air supply pipes and at least three air distributing nipples made of corrosion-resistant material. The nozzle is connected to the distributor body by means of a threaded connection with an external thread, the other end of the nozzle is a seat for the air duct, which is made in the form of a “herringbone” or “olive” to provide a quick and multiple connection and is equipped with a nozzle made mainly of polypropylene or fluoroplastic, at the same time, the through-hole is of different and / or the same diameter, thereby achieving the difference in the supplied air volumes through the air ducts (reinforced PVC or polyurethane hoses) to a particular consumer, depending on the technological need. The air ducts can be attached to the fittings by means of clamps made of corrosion-resistant material.

Thus, the turbo-distributor works constantly, providing continuous operation of the main pump, purging of the main pump and circulation of sludge from the aeration tank. This technical solution allows:

- significantly increase the residence time of the installation (up to 10 days) without the supply of wastewater while maintaining a high level of biocenosis activity, due to the constant circulation of sludge;

- due to the constant operation of the main pump, the minimum level of wastewater in the receiving chamber is maintained, thereby ensuring the possibility of receiving large salvo discharges;

- constant operation of the main pump and purging of the main pump significantly reduces the likelihood of its clogging.

The aeration system of the installation includes three subsystems: a turbo mode subsystem, a direct cleaning phase subsystem and a reverse cleaning phase subsystem, which are air distributors on the one hand, and consumers connected to each other by air ducts on the other. Consumers include aerators, airlifts (pumps), grease removers, purge lines and nozzles.

The turbo mode subsystem includes, on the one hand, a turbo-distributor 23 connected by an air line of the main pump 26, a purge air line of the main pump 27 and an air line of a circulator pump 28, respectively, with the main pump 11, a purge air line of the main pump and with an aeration tank-circulator pump 12 on the other side.

The main pump purge air line connects the distributor 23 and the main pump 11. The main pump is designed as an airlift (three pipes are rigidly welded in a row with each other, the central pipe has a larger diameter than the pipes at the edges). The central pipe and one of the outer pipes are an airlift, and the second outer pipe provides air supply under the working edge of the airlift to blow off possible floating and settled debris.

Both air ducts 26 and 27 are connected to the main pump 11, but at the same time they have different purposes: pumping water and blowing debris.

The subsystem of the direct cleaning phase includes an air distributor 24 on one side, connected by an air duct of the aerator of the aeration tank 29 and the air duct of the external blowdown of the coarse fraction filter 32, respectively, to the aerator of the aeration tank 16 and the blowdown duct of the filter of coarse fractions 8 on the other side.

The air duct of the external blowdown of the coarse fraction filter 32 is connected by means of a fitting to the blow off air duct of the coarse fraction filter, which is a polypropylene pipe Ø16-20 mm rigidly welded from the outside to the coarse fraction filter housing, while the lower end of the air duct is made shorter than the coarse fraction filter housing. When air is supplied through the air line 32, the blowing off the filter of floating inclusions is carried out, which avoids clogging of the holes.

The subsystem of the reverse cleaning phase contains an air distributor 25 on one side and a receiving chamber aerator 15, a sludge stabilizer pump 14, an aeration tank pump - a recirculator 13 and a secondary clarifier pump - a grease remover 17 on the other side, interconnected by air ducts 31 (air duct of the receiving chamber aerator), 30 (sludge stabilizer pump air line), 33 (sludge recirculator air line) and 34 (grease remover air line), respectively. In addition, the distributor 25 is connected by an air line 35 to the purge nozzle of the secondary clarifier 18, which is designed to create a flow towards the grease trap 17.

The automatic operation of the installation is carried out by the control unit 36 according to signals from the air pressure sensor 19. The advantage of this solution is the clear setting of operating and emergency levels, as well as high reliability and increased service life, which affects the reliability of the equipment as a whole.

The water purification unit may additionally contain a tank of purified water 6 with a pumping pump 10 operating automatically according to the signal of the built-in sensor (not shown in the diagram) of the water level (version with forced discharge of purified water). The tank 6 is preferably located next to the upper part of the secondary clarifier 3.

Also, the water purification unit may additionally contain a drip biofilter (not shown in the diagram), which is a container with a perforated bottom loaded with polymeric materials, mainly MATALA. The supply of purified water to the biofilter is carried out by gravity and is distributed evenly over the surface by a special device, which is a cruciform channel with side cutouts at the same level (not shown in the diagram). The used polymer load has a different density and, accordingly, a different specific surface area. In addition to providing ideal conditions for the development of attached microflora involved in wastewater aftertreatment, the biofilter acts as a conventional filter that traps suspended solids and floating inclusions, including excluding sludge slip that occurs due to violations of the installation operating instructions.

As an additional option, the unit can be equipped with water disinfection equipment, for example, a UV lamp, located in a separate compartment inside the housing.

A biofilter and disinfection equipment are installed when it is necessary to bring the quality of wastewater treatment to the standards for discharge into water bodies.

The wastewater treatment plant operates as follows.

Waste water, mainly household water, enters the receiving chamber 1, where large fractions of contaminants (garbage) are separated with the help of filter 8. Receiving chamber 1 allows you to receive a salvo discharge of wastewater and average them in composition, without disrupting the operating mode of the remaining chambers of the installation. Due to the constant supply of air to the main pump 11, to purge the main pump 27 and to the aeration tank pump - circulator 12, wastewater is constantly pumped into the aeration tank 2, and the circulation of sludge in the aeration tank 2 makes it possible to maintain high sludge activity during periods of prolonged absence of sewage. for cleaning. Depending on the operating mode, the volume of wastewater pumped from the receiving chamber varies: in the direct phase it is larger, in the reverse phase it is smaller. Nevertheless, until the pressure sensor 19 is triggered to turn on the direct phase, the salvo discharge, if any, partially manages to be sent to the aeration tank 2, thereby increasing the instantaneous volume of wastewater discharge into the installation. In the receiving chamber 1, biological treatment of effluents begins with the help of activated sludge, supplied during the reverse phase from the sludge stabilizer 4, and air entering through the aerator of the receiving chamber 15 and the air duct 31. The wastewater level in the receiving chamber 1 is monitored by a pressure sensor 19. For cleaning from impurities clogging the main pump 11 and filter 8, blowing through the air ducts 27 and 32, respectively, is used.

From the receiving chamber 1, the wastewater with the help of the main pump 11 enters the aeration tank 2, in which intensive biological treatment takes place with the help of activated sludge. The aeration tank 2 operates in two modes, which are set by the control unit 36, turning on the compressors 20 and 21 alternately. In the first (direct) mode, the wastewater is intensively mixed and saturated with atmospheric oxygen using the air line 29 and the aerator 16. At the same time, the air distributor 24 operates ... In the reverse mode, the air supply and mixing is stopped and the settled sludge is pumped out into the sludge stabilizer 4 using the aeration tank pump - recirculator 13 and the recirculator air duct 33 to it.

From the aeration tank 2, a mixture of purified water and activated sludge with the help of the aeration tank pump - circulator 12 and the air line of the circulator pump 28 through the flow damper 7 is fed into the secondary clarifier 3, where the water is clarified and the activated sludge settles. The fatty film floating on the surface in the secondary sedimentation tank 3 is removed by the pump 17 during the reverse phase by supplying air to it through the air line 34. The purified and clarified water from the secondary sedimentation tank is discharged by gravity outside the installation or into the tank 6, from where it is further pumped out by the pump 10 outside the installation.

Excess activated sludge from the aeration tank 2 is pumped out by the aeration tank pump - recirculator 13 into the sludge stabilizer 4. Air is supplied to the aeration tank pump - recirculator 13 through the recirculator air line 33.

During operation of the reverse phase, air is supplied through the air duct 35 to the purge nozzle of the secondary clarifier 18, which ensures the direction of the liquid flow towards the grease catcher 17. Also, in the reverse phase, air is supplied through the air duct 30 to the sludge stabilizer pump 14 (an option with an aerator instead of a pump or with coarse bubble aeration device).

The air distributor 23 of the turbo phase operates regardless of which of the compressors is operating. It is designed to distribute air to the aeration tank pump - circulator 12 and air duct 28 to it, to the main pump 11 and air duct 26 to it, as well as purge 27 of the main pump.

If waste water does not enter the unit, it operates in an autonomous mode with constant recirculation of water and water-sludge mixture. When the main pump 11 pumps out water from the receiving chamber 1 to the minimum allowable level, the control unit 36 switches the operation of the unit to the reverse cleaning phase mode, the second compressor is turned on and the air distributor 25 comes into operation.

The integrated air distribution system works as follows: depending on the water level in the receiving chamber, the control signal from the pressure sensor on the control unit is converted into a signal to turn on the forward or reverse phase. When filling the receiving chamber with wastewater to a predetermined level, the direct phase is switched on. Air is supplied to all components involved in direct phase operation and to the turbo-valve with purging of the main pump. At the same time, passing through the check valve, air is supplied only to the units involved in the operation at the current moment of the phase (direct or reverse phase and always the turbo distributor). The second check valve prevents air from flowing to unused components during this phase. Thus, the operation of the combined system is ensured by the presence of check valves, each of which works in tandem with its own compressor, while the air supply to the turbo distributor is constant, regardless of the phase.

An emergency situation in the installation, if any, is signaled by giving light signals by a strobe lamp installed on the cover (not shown in the diagram). Power is supplied to it from the logical module for comparing programmed and actual pressure indicators in the system from an analog pressure sensor 19. This module is part of the control unit 36. This technical solution allows you to record an emergency situation caused by a lack of pressure in the combined air system arising from the failure of one from the compressors or already when the receiving chamber is overfilled. Signaling the failure of one of the compressors, makes it possible to eliminate the malfunction long before the development of an emergency, preventing overflow of the receiving tank, as well as to prevent the development of anaerobic processes in the installation and the dying off of activated sludge in the absence of recirculation and pumping of sludge from the stabilizer to the receiving chamber, caused by the failure reverse phase compressor. At the same time, having in stock the free volume in the receiving chamber, water consumption at the sewerage facility is not significantly limited during the repair or replacement of failed equipment, especially since the main pump runs constantly, freeing up the volume for receiving wastewater.

In cases where wastewater is supplied to the installation at a level below the middle of the installation height, in front of the receiving chamber there may be a primary compartment 5 with a submersible pump 9 for pumping raw water into the receiving chamber. The level of drains in the primary compartment 5 is monitored by a built-in level sensor. This compartment 5 allows you to cut into the installation at a depth of 2200 mm.

Claims (7)

1. Installation for wastewater treatment, containing a body 37, divided inside by partitions into four chambers: a receiving chamber 1, an aeration tank 2, a secondary clarifier 3 and a sludge stabilizer 4; an aeration system connected to the control unit 36 and at least two compressors 20 and 21, which includes: a turbo mode subsystem, a direct cleaning phase subsystem and a reverse cleaning phase subsystem; wherein the turbo mode subsystem includes a turbo air distributor 23 connected to the main pump 11, to the aeration tank pump - circulator 12 and to the main pump purge air duct with the corresponding air ducts: the main pump air duct 26, the circulator pump air duct 28 and the main pump 27 purge air duct; the direct cleaning phase subsystem contains, on the one hand, an air distributor 24, on the other hand, an aerator of an aeration tank 16 and an air duct for external blowing of a coarse fraction filter 8, interconnected by air ducts 29 (air duct of the aerator aerator) and 32 (air duct for blowing a filter of large fractions), respectively; the subsystem of the reverse cleaning phase contains an air distributor 25 on the one hand, and on the other hand - an aerator of the receiving chamber 15, a sludge stabilizer pump 14, an aeration tank pump - a recirculator 13 and a secondary clarifier pump - a grease remover 17, interconnected by air ducts 31, 30, 33 and 34, respectively, while the distributor 25 is connected by the secondary clarifier purge air duct 35 to the secondary clarifier purge nozzle 18. 2. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the air lines from the compressors 20 and 21 are combined through the check valves 22 to the turbo air distributor 23. 3. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that an air pressure sensor 19 is used as a sensor of operating levels, which is connected by an air duct to a turbo distributor 23. 4. Installation according to PP. 1 and 3, characterized in that it further comprises a pressure sensor 19 connected to an alarm.

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