RU2027949C1 - Electrode water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating of small houses, such as dwelling houses. SUBSTANCE: boiler has cylindrical casing with inlet and outlet pipe connections, cylindrical electrode made of copper-doped alloy and secured in casing bottom, dielectric shield whose length is to be not less than that of electrode, shield axial displacement drive. Casing is connected via ground bolt to neutral wire of supply mains and phase lead is connected to electrode. Space provided in upper part of casing is of height calculated from equation. Casing has detachable bottom made of insulating material and protective shell is mounted on external side of bottom. Moving shield down closes active surface of electrode thereby regulating water temperature in system. Hot water excess is displaced under boiler cover into special space determined by height h. EFFECT: improved design. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in local heating systems of small buildings, for example residential buildings.

 Known electrode boiler, containing a cylindrical body with an electrode placed in it, electrically and mechanically connected to the cover, and the body is isolated from the cover with a special insulator, consisting of a set of insulating and metal rings [1].

 A disadvantage of the known water heater is the inability to smoothly control the power consumption and its use in heating systems with natural circulation of water due to the expansion of the liquid when it is heated.

 Closest to the proposed invention is an electrode hot water boiler for a heating system, comprising a cylindrical body with inlet and outlet nozzles and a bottom equipped with a protective casing, a cylindrical electrode rigidly fixed in the bottom of the body and a dielectric screen enclosing it with an axial screen driving drive [2 ].

 The disadvantage of this boiler is the difficulty of using it in heating systems with natural water circulation due to the complexity of the design and significant hydraulic resistance inside the boiler, as well as low reliability due to the inability to compensate for the increase in the volume of water when it is heated. These shortcomings make it impossible to use electrode boilers for heating residential buildings, such as country houses.

 The aim of the invention is to enable the boiler to operate during operation in systems with natural water circulation.

где W_тр - объем трубопроводов системы отопления;
W_нп - объем нагревательных приборов системы отопления;
t_max - максимальная расчетная температура воды в системе;
t_нач - начальная температура воды;
α - коэффициент объемного расширения воды;
D_к - внутренний диаметр корпуса котла, а также тем, что длина экрана выбрана не менее длины электрода, днище корпуса выполнено съемным из диэлектрического материала.The goal is achieved by the fact that the electrode is installed coaxially in the housing, the housing and the electrode are electrically connected respectively to the zero and phase of the supply network, and the distance from the inlet to the end of the housing is selected from the ratio
h =

where W _Tr - the volume of pipelines of the heating system;
W _NP - the volume of heating devices of the heating system;
t _max - maximum design temperature of the water in the system;
t _beg is the initial water temperature;
α is the coefficient of volume expansion of water;
D _to - the inner diameter of the boiler body, as well as the fact that the screen length is chosen not less than the length of the electrode, the bottom of the body is made removable from dielectric material.

 The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed hot water boiler. The boiler contains a cylindrical housing 1 with input 2 and output 3 nozzles, a cylindrical electrode 4 made of a copper-containing alloy and rigidly fixed to the bottom of the housing 5, coaxially mounted to the last dielectric screen 6, the height of which is selected at least the length of the electrode 4, covering the electrode 4, the drive 7 for axial movement of the screen 6. The housing 1 through the ground bolt 8 is connected to the neutral wire of the supply network, and a phase wire is connected to the electrode 4. The cover 10 is installed on the opposite side of the bottom 5, the drive 7 passes through the hole in the cover, which is fixed together with the cover by the stopper 11.

 On the outside of the bottom 5, a protective casing 12 is mounted, attached to the flange of the housing 1 by bolts 13.

 Electrode boiler operates as follows.

 The boiler pipes 2 and 3 are connected to the pipelines of the heating systems. Unscrewing the stopper 11, remove the cover 10 together with the drive 7 and pour water through the neck of the housing 1 to the level of the top of the outlet pipe 3. Supply voltage to the electrode 4 and set the screen 6 in the upper position. In this case, due to the occurrence of an electric current in the water layer between the electrode 4 and the grounded housing 1, thermal energy is released, which heats the water.

 The water heated in the boiler body rises to the outlet pipe 3 and enters the heating devices (not shown) through the pipeline. After cooling down in the devices, the water enters the inlet pipe 2 of the boiler, where it is again heated. Lowering the screen 6, overlap the active surface of the electrode 4, thereby adjusting the power from zero to maximum. After complete heating of the water in the system to the required temperature, the screen is fixed, fixing the actuator 7 with the stop 11.

 Since when the water is heated, its volume increases, the excess water is forced out under the boiler cover 10 into an additional volume, determined by the height h. In this case, gases dissolved in water also accumulate under the lid and are gradually removed through the opening 9 of the lid 10. For inspection and repair of the electrode and the inner surface of the housing, the protective casing and the bottom are removed by first unscrewing the screws 13.

 The proposed device allows to increase reliability and electrical safety by reducing the hydraulic resistance inside the boiler, creating an additional volume that compensates for the increase in the volume of heated water, simplifying the design, and also by protecting live parts from accidental contact during operation.

 The proposed device, unlike the known water-heating devices, allows simple, efficient and environmentally friendly heating of small individual buildings.

Claims (3)

1. ELECTRODE WATER BOILER for the heating system, comprising a nullified cylindrical body with an inlet and outlet nozzles and a bottom equipped with a protective cover, rigidly fixed in the bottom of the body coaxially with the last cylindrical phase electrode and a dielectric screen enclosing it provided with an axial displacement drive, characterized in that that the distance from the inlet to the end of the housing is a value determined by the formula

where W _{t p} - the volume of pipelines of the heating system;
W _{n p} - the volume of heating devices of the heating system;
T _{m a x} - maximum design temperature of the water in the heating system;
T _{n and h} - the initial temperature of the water;
α is the coefficient of volume expansion of water;
D _to - the inner diameter of the boiler body.  2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen length is not less than the length of the electrode.  3. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the housing is removable and made of dielectric material.

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