RU2026747C1 - Heavy-medium separator for the enrichment of the middle-sized and small-sized coal sorts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: heavy-medium separator including a cylinder-tapered tub with charging and discharging fixtures as well as with a scraping device for removing the suspension from the surface, is equipped with a chamber of the preliminary separation which is made in the shape of a curvilinear tetrahedron with constant cross-section area and is connected with the cylindrical part of the tub means of rectangular flanges. The discharging fixture of the separator is made with a dehydrator and an overflow lip for the withdrawal of the light fraction. EFFECT: improved separation of the fine-grained material. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of mineral processing, and in particular to the process of separation of materials by density in a heavy medium in a centrifugal-gravitational field.

 Known separator for the enrichment of small classes of minerals, including a cylindrical bath, loading and unloading devices and rowing device for unloading light fractions.

 The disadvantage of this device is the insufficiently high density separation of granular materials due to the fact that the stream of enriched material entering the separator through inclined troughs creates undesirable turbulent flows in the separator bath, causing mixing of the already separated material.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of the material by reducing clogging of the heavy and light products with foreign fractions.

 This goal is achieved in that the separator containing the cylindrical bath, loading and unloading devices, rowing device, dewatering device, is equipped with a preliminary material separation chamber made in the form of a curved tetrahedron with a constant cross-sectional area. The connection of the preliminary separation chamber with the separator and the loading device is made using rectangular flanges below the level of the overflow threshold of the dewatering device. The size of the flanges vertically is less than the distance from the lower boundary of the cylindrical bath to the level of the overflow threshold by 0.01-0.1D, where D is the diameter of the bath, the large sides of the inlet flange are perpendicular to the axis of the separator, the large sides of the output flange are parallel to the axis of the separator. The rowing device is made in the form of radially oriented plates, immersed to the entire depth of the bath. The distance between the peripheral edges of the plates is less than the height of the cylindrical part of the bath.

 The inventive device has distinctive features from the prototype.

 The separator is additionally equipped with a chamber for preliminary separation of the material, made in the form of a curved tetrahedron with a constant cross-sectional area.

 The connection of the preliminary separation chamber with the separator and the loading device is made using flanges below the level of the overflow threshold of the dewatering device. The value of the vertical flanges is less than the distance from the lower boundary of the cylindrical bath to the level of the overflow threshold by 0.01-0.1 D, where D is the diameter of the bath.

 The flanges of the preliminary material separation chamber are oriented so that the large sides of the inlet flange are perpendicular to the axis of the separator, and the large sides of the outlet flange are parallel to the axis of the separator. The rowing device is made in the form of oriented plates immersed to the entire depth of the bath, and the distance between the peripheral edges of the plate is less than the height of the cylindrical part of the bath.

 Of the listed features, the presence of a rowing device is similar, and distinguishing from the prototype is that the plates of the rowing device are immersed to the entire depth of the cylindrical part of the bath and the distance between the peripheral edges of the plates is less than the height of the cylindrical part of the bath.

 Thus, the inventive separator meets the criterion of "novelty."

 Comparison of the proposed solution with other known technical solutions revealed that the installation between the bath of the separator and the loading device of the camera preliminary separation of the material by density, made in the form of a curved tetrahedral with a constant cross-sectional area, improves the efficiency and accuracy of separation due to the fact that in the process reorientation of the flat flow from horizontal to vertical plane, pressure gradients appear, contributing to the separation of m material and its distribution along the height of the separator bath. In this case, light particles enter the upper part of the bath, and heavy particles enter the lower part.

 The preliminary material separation chamber is connected to the separator through rectangular flanges located below the threshold level of the dewatering device. The size of the flanges vertically is less than the distance from the lower boundary of the cylindrical part of the bath to the level of the overflow threshold by 0.01-0.1 D, where D is the diameter of the bath. The selected form, location and size of the flanges provide the input of the enriched material under the layer of floating light particles with minimal turbulence of the flows in the separator bath. The orientation of the flanges of the preliminary separation chamber, in which the large sides of the input flanges are perpendicular to the axis of the separator, and the large sides of the output flanges are parallel to the axis of the separator, ensures uniform distribution of material along the height of the separator bath and eliminates the movement of floating light particles by the flow of material entering the separator.

 The rowing device is made in the form of vertical radially oriented plates immersed to the entire depth of the cylindrical part of the bath. The distance between the peripheral edges of the plates is less than the height of the cylindrical part of the bath. With this arrangement of the plates of the rowing device, turbulent flows are effectively suppressed, which reduce the accuracy of separation.

 Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 In FIG. 1 shows a heavy medium separator, section; in FIG. 2 - the same, top view.

 The separator includes an annular bath 3 located between two coaxial cylinders 1 and 2, with a conical lower part 4, a stationary dewatering device 5 installed in the inner cylinder, a vertical rowing device 6, a loading 7 and an unloading device 8, a pre-separation chamber for the enrichment material 9 having the shape of a curved a tetrahedron with a constant cross-sectional area attached to the separator below the level of the overflow threshold 10 of the dewatering device through directly golnye flanges 11 whose dimensions are smaller than the vertical distance from the lower boundary 12 of the cylindrical bath to overflow threshold level on the magnitude of the dewatering device 0,01-0,1 D, where D - diameter of the tub. The large sides of the 13 inlet flanges are perpendicular to the axis of the separator, and the large sides of the 14 outlet flanges are parallel to the axis of the separator. Rowing device 6 is made in the form of vertical radially oriented plates 15, immersed to the entire depth of the cylindrical part of the bath. The distance between the peripheral edges of the 16 plates is less than the height of the cylindrical part of the bath.

 The separator works as follows.

 The source material and the suspension are mixed in the loading device 7 and enter the chamber 9. In the chamber, the material is preliminary separated by density and the flow is distributed along the height of the separator bath. The formed flow through the flange 11 connected to the separator below the level of the overflow threshold 10 of the dewatering device 5 enters the annular bath 3 located between the coaxial cylinders 1 and 2. In the annular bath there is a complete heavy-medium separation of the flow. It takes less time to enrich the pre-prepared stream, moreover, rotation at a given speed and a significant weakening of the currents that reduce the separation efficiency is provided by a rowing device 6 equipped with vertical radially oriented plates 15. Under the action of centrifugal and gravitational forces, heavy particles moving in a downward spiral move to the conical part of the bath 4 to the unloading device 8, and light particles, moving in an upward spiral, float and unload They are passed through a conical dewatering device 5. The separated medium passing through the dewatering screen of the screen 5 is discharged through a separate pipe.

 The proposed device in comparison with the prototype provides a reduction in the loss of light fractions with a heavy product of 0.1%, which increases the overall efficiency of enrichment compared with the separator of known design.

Claims (1)

 HEAVY MEDIUM SEPARATOR FOR ENRICHMENT OF MIDDLE AND SMALL COAL CLASSES, including a cylindrical bathtub, loading and unloading devices, rowing device, characterized in that it is equipped with a preliminary separation chamber, made in the form of a curved tetrahedron with a constant cross-sectional area and connected with a cylindrical part flanges, and the unloading device is made with a dehydrator and an overflow threshold for the removal of a light fraction, while the vertical size of the flanges is less than the distance from the overflow threshold to the lower edge of the cylindrical part of the bath by 0.01 - 0.1 of the diameter of the latter, the sides of the flanges are parallel to the axis of the bath, and the rowing device is made in the form of radially oriented plates.

Images