RU2026716C1 - Device for biological gas cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing, chemical industries. SUBSTANCE: device for biological gas cleaning has a housing leaning against a liquid reservoir, a contact tube, a blade lattice-swirler, a grating excluding the liquid rotation below the swirler, a barrier in the form of a frustum serving for more uniform feeding of gas to the lattice-swirler and excluding the contactless gas passing through it. In order to maintain the liquid level in the device an automatic floating controller with a relief valve is connected to the liquid reservoir. For more convenient serving and adjustment the device housing is connected with the liquid reservoir by means of flanges. EFFECT: improved gas cleaning. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for cleaning gases from harmful components, can find application in food, chemical, woodworking and other industries.

 A device for biological purification of gases is known, comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles, a droplet eliminator located in its upper part, support grids with contact layers, a fluid receiver connected to the lower part of the housing, equipped with a collector and connected to a water distributor located above the support grids by piping with a sludge circulation pump. The installation provides the purification of a large amount of exhaust gas, but has the following disadvantages. Placing in the active volume of plates, nozzles increases the hydraulic resistance. The presence of a water seal and airlift complicates the design. The presence of a water pump with an electric motor significantly increases energy consumption. When using an L-shaped aeration pipe attached to the collector, the inlet of which is made with a chipper, pressure losses and, consequently, energy costs increase significantly. With such a supply of gas to the aeration pipe, it may be unevenly distributed in the active volume, which can lead to a violation of the optimal hydrodynamic regime for this device. A stagnant zone forms in the lower part of the chamber.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of gas purification, simplifying the device, ease of maintenance and commissioning, reducing energy consumption.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for biological gas purification, comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles, a fluid receiver connected to the lower part of the housing, a separator-separator and an aeration device, are used instead of support grids with contact for direct gas contact with the liquid in layers - a swirl lattice and a contact tube mounted inside the housing. Gas enters through the axial nozzle into the space formed by the housing and the contact tube, and is directed to its lower part. Then the gas stream, capturing the liquid from the receiver, passes with it through the swirl lattice and acquires a rotational motion. A highly turbulent foam forms in the contact tube. This provides a large specific contact surface of the phases, which helps to increase the efficiency of gas purification. The turbulization of the gas-liquid flow and the absence of a nozzle ensures a decrease in the dimensions and weight of the installation. Under the swirl lattice, a grill is installed to prevent fluid rotation below the swirl, which reduces the fan head necessary for swirling, and, consequently, the energy consumption. The lower part of the casing is made in the form of a truncated cone, which helps to increase the gas cleaning efficiency by more uniform gas supply to the swirl lattice and the exclusion of non-contact gas passage through it. Instead of a droplet eliminator, a blade separator is used. When passing through it, the gas-liquid flow acquires a rotational motion, and due to the action of centrifugal forces, foam is separated. In the separation chamber, the gas stream is freed from liquid spray. The use of a circulation pipe connecting the chamber for separating dynamic foam with a fluid receiver allows you to abandon the water distribution system and the circulation pump. This makes it possible to significantly simplify the design and reduce energy consumption, because there is no need to pump irrigation fluid. The absence of multiple chambers in the fluid receiver promotes natural fluid circulation. For the convenience of maintenance and adjustment, the fluid receiver is installed directly under the housing and is mounted using flanges.

 Figure 1 presents the device, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1; figure 4 - section bb in fig. 1; figure 5 - node I in figure 1.

 A device for biological purification of gases contains a housing 1, supported by a fluid receiver 2, a contact tube 3, a blade grill-swirl 4, a grill 5 to prevent rotation of the liquid below the swirl, a partition 6 in the form of a truncated cone, which serves to more uniformly supply gas to the grill - to the swirler and excluding non-contact gas passage through it, a separator-separator 7 for destroying dynamic foam, a partition 8 dividing the chamber 9 for introducing and distributing exhaust gases from the chamber 10 for dynamically separating th foam. The device has nozzles for introducing gas 11 and its outlet 12, a circulation pipe 13, an aeration device 14, a pipe 15 for removing excess sludge into shut-off valves 16, in particular a rubber valve type 33 ARZ (GOST 17980.07.150M). In order to maintain the liquid level in the device, an automatic float regulator 17 with an overflow valve 18 is connected to the liquid receiver using a flexible durite hose 18. For ease of maintenance and adjustment, the installation case is connected to the liquid receiver using flanges 19.

 The proposed device operates as follows.

 The exhaust gas is introduced into the chamber 9 of the device through the pipe 11 and is sent to its lower part. Then the gas stream, capturing the liquid displaced from the space between the shells and above the grate 5, passes with it through the grating-swirler 4 and acquires a rotational motion. A highly turbulent unstable foam is formed in the contact tube 3. In the foam mode, gas and liquid contact occurs on the surface of bubbles and jets of gas, as well as on the surface of liquid droplets that form above the bubble layer when gas bubbles exit the bubble layer and the destruction of their shells.

 Soluble organic substances are transferred from the gas phase to the liquid. Further, this unstable foam enters the separator-separator 7, where the destruction of the foam and the release of liquid from the gas stream due to the action of centrifugal forces during the twisting of the latter occur. The liquid collects on the partition 8 and flows down it to the bottom of the chamber 10, from where it enters the liquid receiver through the circulation pipe 13. Thus, the self-circulation of fluid in the proposed installation. The purified gas released from the foam is discharged from the device through the pipe 12 to the atmosphere. In circulating fluid, biochemical oxidation occurs, which is preceded by the transfer of organic substances dissolved in the fluid to the surface of microbial cells. The oxygen necessary for the vital activity of microorganisms of activated sludge is supplied both by means of an aerator device and by contacting gas and liquid in a contact tube 3.

 From the aerated cylindrical part of the liquid receiver, 2 larger cells with a downward flow of air enter its conical part, where, due to a decrease in the speed of pressure, the downward flow settles at the bottom of the device. The accumulated excess biomass is discharged through the pipeline 15 and the shutoff valves 16. The smaller cells rise and circulate with the fluid in this device.

 During the operation of the device, partial evaporation of the liquid occurs. The resulting lowering of the liquid level is eliminated by flowing it from the float regulator 17. At the same time, as soon as the level in the regulator tank starts to lower, the float, lowering, will open the bypass valve 18 and the liquid will flow from the water supply network until The optimum fluid level in the device has been restored. When the optimum level is restored, the float, floating up, closes the bypass valve and the access of the liquid stops.

 Setting the optimal static liquid level in the device, necessary to maintain the required foam height, is achieved by moving the float regulator in height. For this purpose, a beam is connected to the fluid receiver. By attaching a float regulator to various points of height of the beam, the required level of liquid in the installation can be achieved.

 The proposed device in comparison with the prototype allows to reduce energy consumption by self-circulation of the liquid and the elimination of the pumping unit and piping system for recirculating liquid. This device also makes it possible to intensify the gas-liquid-type mass transfer processes, because the contact surface of the phases in the foam mode is maximum.

Claims (1)

 DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL CLEANING OF GASES, comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles, a fluid receiver connected to the lower part of the housing, a separator-separator and an aeration device, characterized in that a contact tube with a swirl lattice and a grill is installed in the housing to prevent fluid rotation located below the first, and in the lower part of the body there is a partition in the form of a truncated cone.

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