RU202454U1 - Brain microvibration spectrum recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical technology and is designed to register microvibrations of the human brain when analyzing the functional state of patients. The recorder of the spectrum of microvibrations of the brain contains two piezoelectric vibration sensors of acoustic signals of the brain, which constitute a recording unit, electrically connected by means of a cable with an amplification unit equipped with two amplifiers mounted in a housing equipped with control means and a program unit, while these vibration sensors are fixed on a holder made in the form of a helmet containing a forehead belt made with the possibility of adjusting its coverage and conjugated with an arc passing through the parietal and temporal parts of the head, while piezoelectric the vibration sensors of the acoustic signal are placed in a silicone shell, while they are made with the possibility of positioning on the arch of the holder so that they lie on the temporo-parietal lobes of the brain. consists in increasing the transmission coefficient of oscillations of the used piezoceramic sensors, obtaining the possibility of registering a signal with a frequency below 1 Hz and thereby increasing the resolution of the device. 5 ill.

Description

Technology area

The utility model relates to medical technology and is designed to register microvibrations of the human brain when analyzing the functional state of patients.

State of the art

Known device for the integral assessment of health and correction of pronounced dysfunctions of the human body based on the analysis of the rhythmic activity of the brain - "Apparatus for assessing the state of human health." The device is intended for registration of electromagnetic radiation of the human brain, for spectral analysis with subsequent summation over a long period of time and correction of pronounced dysfunctions of the human body based on the analysis of the rhythmic activity of the brain. At the same time, electromagnetic and infrared emitters are added to the design of the magnetoencephalographic spectral analyzer-combiner, which are used to correct and normalize pronounced dysfunctions of the human body (see RU No. 153479, A61B 5/04, A61B 5/05, 2015).

There is also known a recorder of the spectrum of rhythmic activity of the brain, containing two sensors of brain signals, constituting a registration unit, electrically connected by means of a cable to an amplification unit equipped with two amplifiers mounted in a housing equipped with control means and a software unit, while the sensors of the recording unit are fixed on a holder made in the form of a helmet containing a forehead belt made with the possibility of adjusting its coverage and conjugated with an arc passing through the parietal and temporal parts of the head (see RU # 72395, A61B 5/00, 2008).

The disadvantage of these technical solutions is the small amplitude of the signal from the output of the electromagnetic inductive sensors used in the device, which makes it difficult to recognize the useful signal against the background of intense electromagnetic interference. As well as insufficient resolution of the device.

The closest in essence and the achieved technical result is a device for the integral assessment of the state of health based on the analysis of the rhythmic activity of the brain, containing two sensors of brain signals that make up the registration unit, electrically connected by means of a cable to the amplification unit, equipped with two amplifiers mounted in the case equipped with control means and a program unit, while the sensors of the registration unit are fixed on a holder made in the form of a helmet containing a forehead belt made with the possibility of adjusting its coverage and conjugated with an arc passing through the parietal and temporal parts of the head (see RU # 180056 , A61B 7/00, 2015). The device is designed to record the rhythmic activity of the human brain, perform spectral analysis with subsequent summation over a long period of time.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient transmission coefficient of oscillations of the used piezoceramic sensors and, as a consequence, the impossibility of registering a signal with a frequency below 1 Hz, which complicates the full analysis of the recorded signal, as well as insufficient resolution of the device.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the device.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the recorder of the spectrum of microvibration of the brain, containing two piezoelectric vibration sensors of acoustic signals of the brain, constituting a recording unit, electrically connected by means of a cable with an amplification unit equipped with two amplifiers mounted in a housing equipped with control means and a program unit , while these vibration sensors are fixed on a holder made in the form of a helmet, containing a forehead belt made with the possibility of adjusting its coverage and conjugated with the arc passing through the parietal and temporal parts of the head, according to the utility model, piezoelectric vibration sensors of the acoustic signal are placed in a silicone shell, at the same time, they are made with the possibility of being positioned on the arch of the holder so that they lie on the temporo-parietal lobes of the brain.

The set of essential features of the utility model formula provides a solution to the technical problem posed, as well as the achievement of the following technical result: an increase in the transmission coefficient of oscillations of the piezoceramic sensors used, obtaining the possibility of registering a signal with a frequency below 1 Hz and thereby increasing the resolution of the device.

To increase the transmission coefficient of vibrations, a piezoceramic element was used, placed in a silicone shell. Oscillations inside silicone propagate conditionally isotropically. This makes it possible to effectively measure vibrations not only in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the piezoelectric, but also parallel to it.

Brief Description of Drawings

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

- in Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a spectrum recorder;

- in Fig. 2 - location of vibration sensors on the subject's head;

- in Fig. 3 - appearance of vibration sensors;

- in Fig. 4 is a view of an acoustic signal coming from vibration probes (right hemisphere - above, left hemisphere - below);

- in Fig. 5 is a segmental matrix obtained from the results of spectral analysis.

Implementation of the utility model

The study of the genesis of the bioelectric activity of the brain showed the presence of vibrations of the head surface associated with the peristalsis of smooth muscles, blood vessels and possibly the walls of nerve cells. The electrical activity of nerve cells in the brain, recorded as EEG, is associated with their biomechanics and metabolism, has a modulating effect on the activity of the vascular and muscular complex of the head, and is recorded as an acoustic field. A detailed study of acoustic waves in the head using piezoelectric sensors made it possible to study the scalp vibration band from 0.13 to 27 Hz, correlation with the classical derivations of the electroencephalogram (EEG). This made it possible to speak of an acoustoencephalogram (AEG) as a full-fledged source of signals for studying brain activity. In contrast to EEG, AEG can significantly expand the reliable isolation of brain signals in the frequency range below 1 hertz. The collection of information by the AEG method has high performance characteristics.

When processing the obtained information, the results of spectral analysis were presented as a “multiple arousal” segmental matrix of 12600 frequency cells for each hemisphere. The segment matrix is a 24 × 525 data frame. The volumes (segments) of the organism (24) were plotted along the horizontal axis, modes (525), and the modality of visceral receptors were plotted along the vertical axis. Each cell of the matrix had its own central frequency fi and was characterized by the amplitude of the spectral estimate Ai. We studied the graphs of the envelopes of the amplitudes of individual cells - parts of the spectrum along the vertical or horizontal axis of the matrix, called the basic functions (Fi). All matrix functions were normalized with respect to the maximum cell amplitude.

As a result of spectral analysis, graphs are obtained that display curves that envelope the frequency spectrum of the right and left hemispheres. The value of the spectral estimate is expressed in relative units on the ordinate scale from 0 to 10 units. The ordinate scale displays frequency ranges from 0.13 to 27 Hz, conventionally called "functions", corresponding to a certain type of autonomic receptors (F1-F7). Each function is presented along the segmental axis from C1 to K in accordance with the segmental structure of the spinal cord: cervical segments -C1-C8, thoracic segments Th1-Tn12, lumbar segments L1-L5, sacral segments S1-S5, K.

In the drawings, the positions indicate the following structural elements of the device:

- vibration sensors 1 and 2 of registration unit 3;

- cable 4;

- amplification block 5;

- amplifier inputs 6 and 7;

- analog-to-digital converters 8 and 9;

- channels 10 and 11 of the amplification unit 5;

- body 12 of the reinforcement unit 5;

- program block 13; containing digital filters 14, and controls including a spectral analysis unit 15 and a segment matrix 16,

- a holder containing a forehead strap 17 and an arc 18.

The work of the recorder of the spectrum of microvibrations of the brain is based on the registration of vibrations of the head surface associated with the peristalsis of smooth muscles, blood vessels and, possibly, the walls of nerve cells.

The sensors 1 and 2 are piezoelectric elements enclosed in a silicone sheath. The silicone used was dental A-silicone for duplicating models (Elite Double 22), with the following characteristics: hardness (Shore A) - 22, elasticity 99.95%, overall dimensions: diameter - 60 mm .; thickness - 25 mm.

The location of sensors 1 and 2 on the subject's head is shown in Fig. 2 (they are placed on the arch 18 of the holder, so that they are positioned on the temporo-parietal regions of the patient's head and provide the pickup of signals from the left and right hemispheres).

As analog-to-digital converters 8 and 9, 24-bit analog-to-digital converters are used.

Digital filters provide suppression of signals above 30 Hz and below 0.1 Hz.

Registration and analysis of information is performed in the spectral analysis block 15 and the segmental matrix 16.

Segmental matrix 16 (see Fig. 5) is a somatic frequency-topical coordinate system superimposed on the body diagram, representing frequency ranges ranging from 0.13 to 27 Hz, conventionally called "functions" corresponding to a certain type of autonomic receptors (F1 -F7). The body scheme is represented by cells from C1 to K - segmental structure of the skin analyzer; F1-F7 - zonal structure within each dermatome. A "segmented matrix" is represented by "columns" and "rows". "Columns" reflect the segmental structure of the spinal cord from cervical to coccygeal segments and are divided into 6 sections by groups of spinal cord segments: cervical segments - C1-C8, thoracic - Th1-Th12, lumbar - L1-L5, sacral - S1-S5, coccygeal - TO.

The unfolding of the matrix along the "line" is the basic function F. Each basic function (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7) reflects the scan along the length of the spinal cord, the state of the local segmental autonomic tone of various groups of receptors of internal organs and is represented by lateral branches: right (R or ') and left (L or' '). Basic functions are divided into subfunctions (F1-1, F1-2, F1-3, F1-4, F1-5, ... F7-1, F7-2, F7-3, F7-4, F7-5), combined into different modes and reflect:

F1 - distribution of tonic activity of smooth muscles of internal organs along the spinal axis;

F2 - distribution of tonic activity of smooth muscles of arteries along the spinal axis;

F3 - distribution of tonic activity of smooth muscles of the venous network along the spinal axis;

F4 - distribution of tonic activity of nervous tissue, connective tissue, bone tissue along the spinal axis;

F5 - distribution of tonic activity of lymphatic tissue, stratified epithelium along the spinal axis;

F6 - distribution of tonic activity of stratified epithelium along the spinal axis;

F7 - the distribution of the tonic activity of the monolayer epithelium of the lining of organs along the spinal axis.

Function F and segment S are the frequency coordinate in the frequency-topical coordinate system "Segment Matrix".

The housing 12 provides fixation of all structural elements of the device and their structural and functional unity.

The shoulder strap 17 and the arch of the holder 18 are made flexible of woven acetate silk and are provided with “burdock” fasteners.

The claimed device operates as follows.

During the procedure, the patient should sit comfortably, relaxed, with his eyes closed, without moving. The patient should be as far away from working electrical equipment as possible.

The patient is seated in a chair, sensors are fixed on the head. To do this, gird the patient's head with a forehead strap 17, the ends of which are fixed with a “burdock” fastener at a comfortable tension, place sensors 1 and 2 on the patient's head so that they lie on the temporo-parietal lobes of the brain, and press these sensors with an arc 18. During registration information, the patient's head should lie motionless on the back of the chair.

The process of registration of the spectrum of rhythmic activity of the brain is started. The registration process takes 160 seconds. Simultaneously with the registration of the spectrum of the rhythmic activity of the brain, a spectral analysis of the acoustoencephalogram is performed. As a result, the frequency matrix of the set of functional states is obtained and the frequency coordinates of the anomalies of the spectrum envelope functions are distinguished.

In this case, the signal from vibration sensors 1 and 2 is fed to the inputs of amplifiers 6 and 7. A graphical representation of the signal coming from vibration sensors is shown in FIG. 4. Then the signal is fed to analog-to-digital converters 8 and 9. The signal is registered via 2 channels 10 and 11 of the amplification unit 5 in the frequency range from 0.13 to 27 Hz with an integration time of 160 s. From the analog-to-digital converter, the signal enters the program unit, where the digital filtering of the signal on digital filters 14 and its spectral analysis are performed, while suppressing the signal above 30 Hz and below 0.1 Hz. The result is a frequency matrix 16 of a set of functional states - a segmental matrix. Such a sampling system makes it possible to reliably record the total (global) brain activity with the separation of 12600 spectral harmonics for each hemisphere in the range from 0.13 to 27 Hz with an integration time of 160 sec.

The recorder of the spectrum of microvibrations of the brain by registering the vibration of the vascular and muscular system of the head registers the total rhythmic activity of the human brain separately for the right and left hemispheres and performs its spectral analysis. As a result of spectral analysis, a field of spectral components (frequency matrix of the set of functional states) is obtained from 12600 cells for the right hemisphere and 12600 cells for the left hemisphere (see Fig. 5). Next, the amplitudes of the spectral components and their dominant laterality are determined. Synchronization or desynchronization in the rhythmic activity of the right and left hemispheres is assessed according to the enveloping functions of the frequency components. Anomalies of the listed parameters are highlighted separately.

The results obtained unambiguously characterize the functional state of the human body and its pronounced dysfunctions.

Below are some examples of how the device works.

EXAMPLE 1.

Spectral analysis of the acoustoencephalogram showed abnormally high values (more than 1.35 arb. Units) of the F3-1-4 (R) spectrum envelope function in Th9-10 segments with an epicenter in Th10. In addition, a sharp decrease in the amplitude of the spectrum according to the function F6-5-5-1 (less than 0.02 conventional units) was recorded in the same segments on the right. Considering that the function of F6-5 in the Th9-10 segments reflects the state of the M-cholinergic receptors epithelium of the duodenal bulb, and the changes in the function of F3-1 - the tonic activity of the adrenergic receptors of the venous vessels, the data obtained indicate irritation and disorders of autonomic regulation in the epithelium. bulbs 12 - duodenal ulcer. Due to the fact that the tonus of the venous vessels is involved, it is necessary to exclude the stage of active inflammation in the focus and the development of ulcers of the duodenal bulb along the right (lower) intestinal wall (R).

EXAMPLE 2.

Spectral analysis of the acoustoencephalogram showed abnormally high values (more than 3.1 conventional units) of the F2-1-4 (L) function in the Th8-9 segments, as well as low values in the area of the F7-1-1-1 (R, L) (below 0.03 conventional units) in the same segments. Considering that the function of F2-4 in the Th9-10 segments reflects the state of the alpha adrenergic receptors of the smooth muscle of the arterial vessels of the gastric mucosa, and F7-1-1-1 (L) - the tone of the M cholinoreceptors of the epithelial lining of the pyloric part of the stomach, these data indicate arterial vascular disorders in the pyloric part of the stomach ischemic. Eliminate the risk of developing an ischemic erosive process along the greater curvature (L) of the pyloric region of the stomach (alteration stage).

EXAMPLE 3.

Spectral analysis of the acoustoencephalogram showed abnormally high values (more than 3.5 arb. Units) of the F5-5-4-2 (R) function in the Th11-12 segments, with the epicenter in the Th12 segment. At the same time, in the vascular centers of the same segments F2-5-5 - arterial alpha-adrenergic receptors and F3-5-5 - venous alpha-adrenergic receptors (L, R), there was a decrease in tone (less than 0.05 conventional units). Considering that the function of F5-5-4-2 in the Th12 segments reflects the state of cholinergic receptors of the nephrons of the right kidney, in combination with vascular dystonia of adrenergic receptors F2-5-3, F3-5-3, it is concluded that there is a regeneration process in the right kidney (stage restoration of structures). Eliminate nephrite in the regeneration stage.

Thus, it can be concluded that by imparting a specific shape and mechanical flexibility to the transmitting vibration of the medium, the coefficient of transmission of vibrations from the head to the used piezoceramic vibration sensors increases, which makes it possible to increase the sensitivity of recording signals at frequencies below 1 Hz, and the number of bandpass filters of the program unit is 12600 daisy-chained for each amplifier.

Comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with the features of the prototype, as well as the prior art, indicates the compliance of the claimed solution with the "novelty" condition of patentability.

Claims (1)

A recorder of a spectrum of microvibrations of the brain, containing two piezoelectric vibration sensors of acoustic signals of the brain, constituting a registration unit, electrically connected by a cable to an amplification unit equipped with two amplifiers mounted in a housing equipped with a software unit with a spectral analysis unit and a segmental matrix, while these vibration sensors fixed on a holder made in the form of a helmet containing a forehead strap made with the possibility of adjusting its coverage and conjugated with an arc passing through the parietal and temporal parts of the head, characterized in that the program unit is configured to record the total brain activity with the release of 12600 spectral harmonics for each hemisphere of the brain, and the piezoelectric vibration sensors of the acoustic signal are placed in a silicone shell, while they are made with the possibility of being located on the arch of the holder so that they lie on the temporo-parietal lobes of the brain.

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