RU202395U1 - GRAIN LOSS CONTROL DEVICE FOR COARSE SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed utility model relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for use in combine harvesters, including straw walkers for separating grain from a coarse heap. The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the productivity of the combine harvester, increase the main working time, as well as simplify the design and improve the accuracy of the sensors To achieve the specified technical result in the claimed utility model, containing a straw walker, consisting of keys fixed on the front and rear crankshafts rotating on ball bearings, and loss sensors, brackets are introduced that are installed at the ends of the second and fifth straw walkers and are fixed on them using a bolted connection, while a loss sensor is installed on one of the surfaces of the bracket, fixed by a bolted connection, the working surface of the loss sensor is made smooth, without an element protruding beyond its limits fixing the loss sensor. The bracket is made of sheet metal bent to form upper and lower support surfaces located in mutually perpendicular planes and made with the possibility of supporting on opposite outer surfaces of the key. On the upper and lower supporting surfaces, rectangular holes are made, located symmetrically relative to the center of the bracket. The upper and lower supporting surfaces of the bracket are interconnected by intermediate shelves that provide structural rigidity and are bent relative to the upper supporting surface at a certain obtuse angle, and a shelf with a fastening part intended for fastening the loss sensor and bent relative to the lower supporting surface at a certain acute angle.

Description

The claimed utility model relates to agricultural engineering and is intended for use in combine harvesters, including straw walkers for separating grain from a coarse heap.

Known device for control of grain loss behind the separator of coarse heap of combine harvesters CLAAS LEXION 670-620 [Operation manual. 00 0292 450 2 - BA LEXION 780-620 - 03/2014. CLAAS KGaA mbH Postfach 1163 33416 Harsewinkel - Germany, website www.claas.com], which includes a straw walker, consisting of buttons mounted on the front and rear crankshafts rotating on ball bearings, and loss sensors mounted on the bottom of the casing in the rear of the extreme straw walkers.

The disadvantages of these devices are: incorrect display on the monitor of the grain loss values behind the straw walker due to the installation of loss sensors at the end of the straw walker buttons (on the bottom of the casing); with this arrangement of the loss sensors, the values of the number of grains released from the coarse straw heap and passed through the separating grid are recorded the last cascade of straw walkers; clogging of the last cascade of straw walker keys during the passage of a mass with high humidity due to an obstacle to rolling the grain mass along the key cover, which leads to increased losses behind the straw walker; the need for constant cleaning of the surface of the loss sensors to ensure their correct operation due to their location on the bottom of the key cover at an angle equal to the angle of inclination of the straw walker (close to the horizontal position), which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, a decrease in the main working time and, as a consequence , to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester.

There is a known device for controlling grain losses behind a coarse heap separator of a combine harvester KZS-1218 "PALESSE GS12" [Self-propelled combine harvester KZS-1218 "PALESSE GS12". User's manual. - JSC "GOMSELMASH", 2020, website www.gomselmash.by], which includes a straw walker, consisting of buttons mounted on the front and rear crankshafts rotating on ball bearings, and loss sensors mounted on the side walls of the casing in the rear parts of the second and fourth keys of the straw walker.

The disadvantages of these devices are: higher cost of the structure due to the installation of two grain loss sensors and a loss module unit in each key, installed on the sidewall of the straw walker frame and designed to amplify electrical signals coming from the loss sensors; incorrect display on the monitor of the grain loss values behind the straw walker due to the installation of loss sensors at the end of the straw walker buttons (on the side walls of the casing), at which the values of the amount of grains released from the coarse straw heap and passed through the separating grate of the last cascade of straw walker buttons are recorded.

Closest to the claimed utility model is a device for controlling grain losses behind a coarse heap separator of combine harvesters NEW HOLLAND CX 8060-8090 [Operator's Manual. CX 8030-8090, No. 84131026 - 3rd edition, 07/2008. CNH BELGIUM NV, Leon Claeysstraat 3A, B-8210 ZEDELGEM - Belgium, website www.newholland.com], which includes a straw walker, consisting of buttons mounted on the front and rear crankshafts rotating on ball bearings, supports mounted on ends of the second and fifth keys of the straw walker, and loss sensors fixed on the supports.

The disadvantages of this device are: high labor intensity of manufacturing supports for installing a grain loss sensor due to the large number of parts that make up the support, which during assembly must be correctly oriented relative to each other and sequentially welded to each other (connected by welding); overhang of a straw heap over the working surface of the loss sensor due to protruding elements on its surface when a mass with high humidity passes, which leads to incorrect operation of the loss sensors, the need to periodically clean the working surface from accumulated descents from the straw walker, to long downtime of the combine harvester, a decrease in the main working time and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the productivity of the combine harvester, increase the main working time, as well as simplify the design and improve the accuracy of the loss sensors.

To achieve the specified technical result in the claimed utility model containing a straw walker, consisting of keys fixed on the front and rear crankshafts rotating on ball bearings, and loss sensors, brackets are introduced that are installed on the ends of the second and fifth straw walkers and are fixed on them using a bolted connection, while a loss sensor is installed on one of the surfaces of the bracket, fixed by a bolted connection, the working surface of the loss sensor, designed to convert the kinetic energy of falling grains into electrical signals, is made smooth, without protruding elements of the loss sensor mounting outside of it ...

The bracket is made of sheet metal bent to form upper and lower support surfaces located in mutually perpendicular planes and made with the possibility of supporting on opposite outer surfaces of the key. On the upper and lower supporting surfaces, rectangular holes are made, located symmetrically relative to the center of the bracket, while the long side of the holes is located perpendicular to the bend line of the bracket. The upper and lower supporting surfaces of the bracket are interconnected by intermediate shelves, which ensure the rigidity of the structure and are bent relative to the upper supporting surface at an obtuse angle, and a shelf with a fastening part intended for fastening the loss sensor and bent relative to the lower supporting surface at an acute angle, while one of the intermediate shelves, directly connected to the shelf for the fastening part, is located perpendicular to it. The shelf with a fixing part for the loss sensor is reinforced with stiffeners in the form of bent flanges located at the ends of the shelf and rigidly connected to the intermediate shelf. In this case, the distance between the inner surfaces of the bent flanges is greater than the length of the loss sensor, and the height of the bent flanges on the shelf with the fastening part does not exceed its height, is equal to or less than the height of the loss sensor. The shelf with the fastening part is made wider than the installed loss sensor by an amount greater than or equal to half the height of the loss sensor, with the possibility of overlapping the zone of the loss sensor protrusion beyond the lower support surface of the bracket, thereby protecting the loss sensor from damage when threshing products are ejected from shredder chambers. On the surface of the shelf with the fastening part, four round holes are made, "split" in pairs, with each pair of holes spaced from the center of the shelf at the same distance, and a rectangular cutout is made in the central part of the shelf, located symmetrically with respect to the four round holes.

From the upper supporting surface of the bracket, an L-shaped shelf is bent at an angle equal to or close to an angle of 90 degrees, while the L-shaped shelf is reinforced with stiffeners in the form of bent flanges located at the ends of the long side of the L-shaped shelf and rigidly connected with an upper support surface and a short side of the L-shaped shelf. The height of the bent flanges is made of variable cross-section, and the larger cross-section is located at the point of attachment to the upper support surface, and the smaller cross-section is located at the point of attachment to the short side of the L-shaped flange. On the surface of the long side of the L-shaped flange, a rectangular cutout is made with tops rounded at the base, and the cutout is located over the entire surface of the shelf, and the cutout edges are as close as possible to the fold lines. Four circular holes are made on the lower supporting surface, each of which is aligned with a hole located opposite on the shelf with the fastening part, while the holes are made with a diameter greater than or equal to the diameter of the bolted connections fixing the loss sensor, and in the central part there is a rectangular cutout located symmetrical about the four round holes.

Thanks to these innovations, a design simplification is achieved by reducing the number of parts and welding operations, increasing the accuracy of the loss sensors, increasing the main working time by eliminating the accumulation of strawy heaps on the surface of the grain loss sensors, and, as a result, increasing the productivity of the combine harvester.

The claimed device is illustrated by drawings:

- fig. 1 - General view of a coarse heap separator with loss sensors (in isometric view);

- fig. 2 - General view of fixing the bracket and the loss sensor (in section);

- fig. 3 is a general view of the bracket (front view, isometric);

- fig. 4 is a general view of the bracket (rear view, isometric).

The claimed utility model includes the following structural elements (Fig. 1-4): 1 - keys; 2 - driven crankshaft; 3 - the driving crankshaft; 4 - brackets; 5 - loss sensors; 6 - bolts; 7 - screws; 8, 9, 10 - washers; 11 - rivet nuts, - in this case, the straw walker is a prefabricated structure pivotally mounted on the sidewalls of the frame (not shown in Figs. 1-4), and includes keys 1 fixed on the driven and on the driving crankshafts 2, 3. On the ends of the second and fifth keys 1 of the straw walker are mounted on the upper and lower supporting surfaces of the brackets 4, while the rectangular holes of the bracket 4 are preliminarily aligned with the threaded holes of the rivet nuts 11 fixed in the holes of the keys 1. The brackets 4 are fixed with bolts 6 and washers 8. On On the surface of the bracket 4, a loss sensor 5 is installed, secured with screws 7, washers 9, 10, while the threaded holes in the loss sensor 5 are preliminarily aligned with the round holes of the bracket 4.

The claimed device operates as follows (see Fig. 1-4).

The straw heap coming from the striker beater (not shown in Figs. 1-4) moves towards the keys 1 of the straw walker in an almost continuous flow at high speed and, as a rule, along a steeply directed trajectory. In this regard, the process of interaction between the straw heap and the first cascade of keys 1 differs significantly from the steady-state process with further movement of the straw heap along the 1 key. As the straw heap moves further on key 1, the heap is periodically tossed by it, increasing in volume during the flight, and when lowering is compacted, meeting with the key 1 with a blow directed at a certain acute angle to the horizon in the direction of the exit from the thresher. Grain and small strawy particles, in the process of moving the straw heap along the keys 1 of the straw walker, pass through the lattice of keys 1 and go through the casing of keys 1 for cleaning (not shown in Figs. 1-4), and the straw moves to the exit from the thresher. Grains that have not passed through the grate of the last cascade of keys 1 of the straw walker fall on loss sensors 5, which convert the kinetic energy of falling grains into an equivalent electrical signal supplied to the monitor display (not shown in Figs. 1-4). In the process of work, the operator on the monitor display (not shown in Figs. 1-4) on the counting scale sees the percentage of deviation of grain losses from normal values, while the operator sets the values of permissible losses immediately before the start of harvesting.

The technical result consists in increasing the accuracy of the loss sensors, in increasing the main working time by eliminating the accumulation of a straw heap on the surface of the grain loss sensors, and, as a consequence, in increasing the productivity of the combine harvester, as well as in simplifying the design by reducing the number of parts and operations for welding.

Claims (10)

1. A device for controlling grain losses behind a coarse heap separator, containing a straw walker, consisting of keys fixed on the front and rear crankshafts rotating on ball bearings, and loss sensors, characterized in that it contains brackets installed on the ends of the second and the fifth keys of the straw walker and fixed on them using a bolted connection, while a loss sensor is installed on one of the surfaces of the bracket, fixed by means of a bolted connection, the working surface of the loss sensor, designed to convert the kinetic energy of falling grains into electrical signals, is made smooth, without the fastening elements of the loss sensor protruding beyond it 2. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the bracket is made of sheet metal bent to form the upper and lower supporting surfaces located in mutually perpendicular planes and made with the possibility of bearing on opposite outer surfaces of the key. 3. Device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that rectangular holes are made on the upper and lower support surfaces, located symmetrically relative to the center of the bracket, while the long side of the holes is located perpendicular to the bend line of the bracket. 4. Device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that the upper and lower supporting surfaces of the bracket are interconnected by intermediate shelves that provide structural rigidity and are bent relative to the upper supporting surface at an obtuse angle, and a shelf with a fastening part intended for fastening the loss sensor and bent relative to the lower supporting surface at an acute angle, while one of the intermediate shelves, directly connected to the shelf for the fastening part, is located perpendicular to it. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelf with the fixing part for the loss sensor is reinforced with stiffeners in the form of bent flanges located at the ends of the shelf and rigidly connected to the intermediate flange, while the distance between the inner surfaces of the bent flanges is greater than the length of the loss sensor, and the height of the bent flanges on the shelf with the fastening part does not exceed its height, is equal to or less than the height of the loss sensor. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelf with the fastening part is made wider than the installed loss sensor by an amount greater than or equal to half the height of the loss sensor, with the possibility of overlapping the zone of the loss sensor protruding beyond the lower supporting surface of the bracket. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that four round holes are made on the surface of the shelf with the fastening part, "broken" in pairs, and each pair of holes is spaced from the center of the shelf at the same distance, and a rectangular cutout is made in the central part of the shelf, located symmetrically about the four round holes. 8. Device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that the L-shaped flange is bent from the upper supporting surface of the bracket at an angle equal to or close to an angle of 90 degrees, while the L-shaped flange is reinforced with stiffeners in the form of bent flanges located at the ends of the long side shelves of L-shaped section and rigidly connected to the upper supporting surface and the short side of the shelf of L-shaped section. 9. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the height of the bent flanges is made of variable cross-section, and the larger cross-section is located at the point of attachment to the upper support surface, and the smaller cross-section is located at the point of attachment to the short side of the L-shaped shelf. 10. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that on the surface of the long side of the L-shaped flange there is a rectangular cutout with tops rounded at the base, and the cutout is located along the entire surface of the shelf, and the cutout edges are close to the fold lines.

Images