RU2022273C1 - Method and device for functional transformation of two voltages - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has three exponential voltage sources, four null detectors, five switches, two inputs, two reference voltage sources, "start" input, five outputs of the device, four adders and amplifiers. EFFECT: improved precision. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used for the functional conversion of two voltages, namely, to determine the modulation coefficient and the average harmonic value of the measured voltages.

 The known method of functional transformation is based on the principle that three exponentially incident voltages and two exponentially increasing voltages are formed, the first exponentially decreasing voltage being formed from the level of the first reference voltage when the first exponentially decreasing voltage is equal to the higher and lower measured voltages, and the second and third exponentially decreasing voltages are formed stresses, the first and second exponentially increasing stresses, at the moment of equality of the third the exponentially decreasing voltage and the first exponentially increasing voltage fix the value of the second exponentially decreasing and the second exponentially increasing voltages at the moment the third exponentially decreasing voltage is equal to the second reference voltage, the value of the first exponentially decreasing voltage is fixed, at the moment the first exponentially decreasing voltage is smaller to the measured voltage, the value of the second exponentially decreasing voltage.

 A known device for implementing the functional conversion of two voltages contains a first source of exponential voltage, the analog input of which is connected to the first source of the reference voltage, the "Start" input - with the "Start" input of the device, and the output - with the second inputs of the first and second zero-organs, analog the input of the second exponential voltage source is connected to the output of the first reference voltage source, the “Start” input - with the output of the first zero-organ, and the output through the first key - with the first output of the device, anal The burn input of the third exponential voltage source is connected to the second input of the device, the Start input is connected to the output of the first zero-organ, and the output is connected to the first input of the third zero-organ, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second reference voltage source, and the output to the control input of the second key, the input of which is connected to the output of the first source of exponential voltage, while the output of the second key is the second output of the device, the first input of the second zero-organ is connected to the second input of the device, and the output to To the input of the first key, the first input of the first zero-organ is connected to the first input of the device, the summing input of the first adder is connected to the first input of the device, the subtracting input is to the output of the first source of exponential voltage, and the output is to the second input of the fourth zero-organ, the first input the fourth null-organ is connected to the output of the third source of exponential voltage, the output of the fourth null-organ is connected to the control input of the third key, the input of the fourth key is connected to the output of the second exp voltage, the outputs of the third and fourth adders are the third and fourth outputs of the device, respectively, the summing input of the second adder is connected to the output of the first voltage reference source, the subtracting input is connected to the output of the second exponential voltage source, the output is connected to the input of the third key, the control input of the fourth key is connected with the output of the fourth null-organ, the output of the third key is connected to the subtracting input of the third and summing input of the fourth adders, the output of the fourth key with one with the input of the third summing and subtraction input of the fourth adder, inputs "Stop" of the first and third exponential voltage sources connected to the output of the fourth zero-body, and input "Stop" of the second exponential voltage source connected to the output of the second zero-organ.

 A disadvantage of the known invention is limited functionality due to the lack of the possibility of forming the average harmonic value of two measured voltages.

 The purpose of the invention is the expansion of functionality due to the implementation of the possibility of determining the average harmonic value of two measured voltages.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that, according to the method for the functional conversion of two voltages by a.s. USSR N 1599788, in accordance with the invention, fix the double value of the third exponentially falling voltage at the moment of its equality with the first exponentially increasing voltage.

 In addition, a device for the functional conversion of two voltages in AS USSR N N1599788, is equipped with an amplifier and a fifth key, the input of which is connected to the output of the third source of exponentially incident voltage, the control input to the output of the fourth zero-organ, and the output through the amplifier to the fifth output of the device.

 The introduced new operation, fixing at a fixed moment in time the value of the third exponentially incident voltage, allows us to additionally determine the harmonic mean value of the two voltages, which extends the functionality of the functional conversion method.

 Introduced a new switch and amplifier, as well as functional connections allow to receive a signal at the fifth output of the device equal to the average harmonic value of two voltages, which expands the functionality of the functional converter.

 The use of the distinguishing features of the invention in known devices by the author has not been identified, therefore, we believe that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "Significant differences".

 The method is as follows.

At time t _n , the first voltage U _e1 (t) exponentially falling with a time constant τ from the level of the first reference voltage U ₀₁ is _formed .

At time t _{on the} equality of the first exponentially falling voltage U _A1 (t) greater measured U _INP1 voltage form the second decreases exponentially with time constant τ voltage U _A2 (t) from the level of the first reference voltage U ₀₁ and the third falls exponentially with a time constant τ voltage U _e3 (t) from the level of the lower measured voltage U _in2 (U _in2 <U _in1 ), the first auxiliary voltage U ₄ (t) equal to the difference between the higher measured voltage U _in1 and the first exponentially falling voltage U _e1 (t), the second aux ₅ mogatelnoe voltage U (t), equal to the difference between the first reference voltage U ₀₁ and the second exponentially falling voltage U _INP2 (t).

At time t _{1, the} equalities of stresses U _e3 (t ₁ ) and U ₄ (t ₁ ) fix the voltage value U ₅ (t ₁ ) and U _e2 (t ₁ ).

Sum the value of U _e2 (t ₁ ) with the inverted value of U ₅ (t), and the value of U ₅ (t ₁ ) with the inverted value of U _e2 (t ₁ ).

At the time t _{2 of} equality U _e3 (t ₂ ) to the second reference voltage U _{02, the} value of the first exponentially incident voltage U _e1 (t ₂ ) is fixed.

At time t ₃ equal _E1 U (t ₃₎ smaller than the measured voltage value U _In2 second fixed exponentially falling voltage _E2 U (t _3).

At the moment t _{1 of the} equality of the third exponentially falling voltage U _e3 (t ₁ ), the voltage U ₄ (t ₁ ) is fixed to the voltage U _e3 (t ₁ ) or U ₄ (t ₁ ).

A double value of the voltage U _e3 (t ₁ ) is formed: 2U _e3 (t ₁ ), which is equal to the harmonic mean value of the measured voltages U _in1 and U _in2 .

 In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device that implements the proposed method; figure 2 - timing diagrams explaining his work.

 The device contains the first, second and third sources 1-3 voltage exponentially falling from the time constant τ, respectively, the first, second and third zero-organs 4-6, respectively, the first and second keys 7 and 8, respectively, the first and second inputs 9 and 10, respectively , the first and second sources of reference voltage 11 and 12, respectively, the input 13 "Start", the first and second outputs 14 and 15, the first and second adders 16 and 17, respectively, the fourth zero-organ 18, the third and fourth keys 19 and 20, respectively the third and fourth adders 21 and 22 respectively Namely, the third and fourth outputs 23 and 24, respectively, the fifth key 25, amplifier 26, the fifth output 27 of the device.

 The analog input of source 1 is connected to source 11, the input "Start" to input 13 "Start", and the output to the second inputs of the zero-organs 4 and 5, the input of the key 8, subtracting the input of the adder 16.

 The analog input of source 2 is connected to source 11, the “Start” input is to the output of the zero-organ 4, and the output is to the inputs of the keys 7, 20 and the subtracting input of the adder 17. The analog input of the source 3 is connected to the input 10 of the device, the “Start” input - to the output of the null organ 4, and the output to the first inputs of the null organs 6 and 18. The first input of the null organ 4 is connected to the input 9 of the device and the summing input of the adder 16. The first input of the null organ 5 is connected to the input 10 of the device, and the output is with the control input of the key 7 and the input "Stop" of the source 2. The output of the key 7 is connected to the output 14 of the device.

 The second input of the zero-organ 6 is connected to the source 12, and the output to the control input of the key 8, the output of which is connected to the output 15 of the device.

 The output of the adder 16 is connected to the second input of the zero-organ 18, the output of which is connected to the control inputs of the keys 19 and 20.

 The summing input of the adder 17 is connected to the source 11, and the output of the adder 17 is connected to the input of the key 19.

 The output of the key 19 is connected to the subtracting input of the adder 21 and the summing input of the adder 22, the output of the key 20 is connected to the summing input of the adder 21 and the subtracting input of the adder 22. The outputs of the adders 21 and 22 are connected to the outputs 23 and 24 of the device, respectively. The input of the fifth key 25 is connected to the output of the third source 3 of exponentially incident voltage, the control input to the output of the fourth zero-organ 18, and the output through the amplifier 26 to the fifth output 27 of the device.

 The device operates as follows.

According to the command received at the moment t _n at the “Start” input of the source 1 from the external “Start” input, the voltage U _e1 (t) exponentially falling from a constant level U ₀₁ with a time constant is formed at its output.

The voltage U _e1 (t) is supplied to the second inputs of the null organs 4 and 5, the first inputs of which are supplied with input voltages U _in1 and U _in2, respectively. Suppose for definiteness that U _in1 > U _in2 .

When the condition U _e1 (t _o ) = U _in1 at the time t _{o is fulfilled} , a signal is generated at the output of the null organ 4 and fed to the “Start” input of source 2, at the output of which a second exponentially falling from the level of U _o1 with a time constant τ voltage U _e2 (t). Key 7 is closed.

When the condition U _e1 (t ₃ ) = U _{in2 is met} at time t ₃ , a signal is generated at the output of the null organ 5, which is fed to the “Stop” input of source 2 and to the control input of key 7.

In this case, at the output 14 of the device at the time t ₃ , a signal U _e2 (t ₃ ) is formed, which is proportional to the ratio of the lower input voltage U _in2 to the higher U _in1 .

According to the command received at the time t _о at the “Start” input of source 3 from the output of the null-organ 4, the third exponentially falling from the level U _in2 (with U _in2 <U _in1 ) with a time constant τ voltage U _e3 is formed at the output of source 3 (t), which is supplied to the first input of the zero-organ 6, the second input of which is supplied with voltage U ₀₂ (U ₀₂ <U ₀₁ ).

When the condition U _e3 (t) = U ₀₂ is fulfilled at time t ₂ , a signal is generated at the output of null-organ 6, which arrives at the control input of key 8 and opens it. At the same time, at the output 15 of the device at the time t ₂ , a signal U _e1 (t ₂ ) is formed, which is proportional to the ratio of the larger input voltage U _in1 to the smaller U _in2 .

At time t _о , the first auxiliary voltage U ₄ (t) = U _in1 (1 - e ^{t / τ} ) is formed at the output of the adder 16, and the auxiliary voltage U ₅ (t) = U ₀₁ (1-e) at the output of the adder 17 ^{t / τ} ).

Voltages U ₄ (t) and U _e3 (t) are _applied to the inputs of the zero-organ 18.

When the condition U ₄ (t ₁ ) = U _e3 (t ₁ ) is _fulfilled at the time t ₁ , a signal is generated at the output of the zero-organ 18, which arrives at the control inputs of the keys 19 and 20.

The voltage U ₅ (t ₁ ) from the output of the key 19 is supplied to the subtracting input of the adder 21 and the summing input of the adder 22, and the voltage U _e2 (t ₁ ) from the output of the key 10 is supplied to the summing input of the adder 21 and the subtracting input of the adder 22.

(t₁)-U₅(t₂)= U

пропорциональное частному от деления разности большего и меньшего измеряемых напряжений к их сумме, а на выходе 24 формируется напряжение
U₂₄= U₅(t₁)-U

(t₁)= U

пропорциональное частному от деления разности меньшего и большего измеряемых напряжений к их сумме.In this case, voltage is generated at the output 23
U ₂₃ = U

(t ₁ ) -U ₅ (t ₂ ) = U

proportional to the quotient of dividing the difference between the larger and smaller measured voltages to their sum, and output 24 generates a voltage
U ₂₄ = U ₅ (t ₁ ) -U

(t ₁ ) = U

proportional to the quotient of dividing the difference between the smaller and larger measured voltages to their sum.

The signal from the output of the zero-organ 18 at time t _{1 is} fed to the control input of the fifth key 25.

At the same time, at the output 27 of the device at the time t ₁ , a signal U _e3 (t ₁ ) = U ₄ (t ₁ ) is formed, which is equal to the harmonic mean value of the measured voltages U _in1 and U _in2 , which follows from the following considerations.

⁼

(2)
Следовательно, значение U_э3(t₁) равно
U

(t₁)=U

e

=

(3) Удвоенное значение 2U_э3(t₁) равно
2U

(t₁) =

(4) т.е. среднегармоническому значению измеряемых напряжений U_вх1 и U_вх2.As follows from the principle of operation of the device
U _in2 e ^{-t / τ} = U _in1 (1-e ^-t 1 ^{/ τ} ) (1) From relation (1) we define e ^-t 1 ^{/ τ}
e

⁼

(2)
Therefore, the value of U _e3 (t ₁ ) is equal to
U

(t ₁ ) = U

e

=

(3) The doubled value of 2U _e3 (t ₁ ) is equal to
2U

(t ₁ ) =

(4) i.e. the _{average harmonic} value of the measured voltages U _in1 and U _in2 .

 The method of functional conversion of two voltages and a device for its implementation have advantages - wider functionality due to the implementation of the possibility of determining the average harmonic value of two measured voltages.

Claims (2)

 1. A method for the functional conversion of two voltages, based on the formation of three exponentially incident voltages and two exponentially increasing voltages, the first exponentially decreasing voltage forming from the level of the first reference voltage when the first exponential incident voltage is equal to the greater measured voltage, the second and third exponentially incident voltages are formed, the first and second exponentially increasing stresses, at the moment of equality of the third exponentially n the supply voltage and the first exponentially increasing voltage fix the value of the second exponentially falling and second exponentially increasing voltages, at the moment the third exponentially falling voltage is equal to the second reference voltage, the value of the first exponentially falling voltage is fixed, at the moment the first exponentially decreasing voltage is smaller to the measured voltage, the value of the second exponentially falling voltage is fixed, characterized in that the third value is fixed twice exponential supply voltage at the moment of its equality with the first exponentially increasing voltage.  2. A device for the functional conversion of two voltages, containing the first source of exponential voltage, the analog input of which is connected to the output of the first reference voltage source, the “Start” input - with the “Start” input of the device and the output - with the second inputs of the first and second zero-organs, the analog input of the second exponential voltage source is connected to the output of the first reference voltage source, the “Start” input is connected to the output of the first zero-organ, and the output through the first key is connected to the first output of the device, analog input q the third source of exponential voltage is connected to the second input of the device, the input "Start" - with the output of the first zero-organ, and the output - with the first input of the third zero-organ, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second voltage source, and the output to the control the input of the second key, the input of which is connected to the output of the first source of exponential voltage, while the output of the second key is the second output of the device, the first input of the second zero-organ is connected to the second input of the device, and the output to the control the input of the first key, the first input of the first zero-organ is connected to the first input of the device, the summing input of the first adder is connected to the first input of the device, the subtracting input is to the output of the first source of exponential voltage, and the output is to the second input of the fourth zero-organ, the first input of which connected to the output of the third source of exponential voltage, the output of the fourth zero-organ is connected to the control input of the third key, the input of the fourth key is connected to the output of the second source of exponential voltage i, the outputs of the third and fourth adders are the third and fourth outputs of the device, respectively, the summing input of the second adder is connected to the output of the first voltage reference source, the subtracting input is connected to the output of the second exponential voltage source, the output is connected to the input of the third key, the control input of the fourth key is connected to the output of the fourth zero-organ, the output of the third key is connected to the subtracting input of the third and the summing input of the fourth adders, the output of the fourth key is connected to the summing input by the third and subtracting inputs of the fourth adders, the “Stop” inputs of the first and third exponential voltage sources are connected to the output of the fourth zero-organ, and the “Stop” input of the second exponential voltage source is connected to the output of the second zero-organ, characterized in that an amplifier and a fifth key, the input of which is connected to the output of the third source of exponential voltage, the control input to the output of the fourth zero-organ, and the output through the amplifier to the fifth output of the device.

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