RU2022016C1 - Method of oxygen producing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology. SUBSTANCE: method involves interaction of fungous catalase of fungus strain Penicillium vitale 1312/14 in soluble or immobilized form with activity 4000 U/mg or 6000 U/mg with peroxide-containing compound - 10-30% hydrogen peroxide at the mass ratio peroxide:catalase = (500-150):1 or with aqueous solution of peroxide-capacious salt at pH 4.5-8.5 at the ratio salt: catalase = (2000-1250):1. EFFECT: improved method of oxygen producing. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to ecology, and in particular to processes for preparing gases for inhalation, and can be used in the enzymatic-catalytic production of oxygen in autonomous life support devices used in medicine.

 Known methods for the catalytic production of oxygen from peroxide-containing salts in the presence of catalysts — oxides or metal salts of Mn, Fe, K, Cu, Pb, etc. [1].

The latter method, as a more progressive analogue, is selected by the achieved positive effect as the base object. Obtained according to the method, gaseous oxygen is cooled, cleaned of solid particles, reduce alkalinity. Yield of oxygen at a temperature of 20 ° ^C is 1.6 l / min.

 The prototype of the invention, selected according to the maximum number of similar features, is an enzymatic method for producing oxygen from hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catalase [2].

However, these known methods have several disadvantages:
methods are not productive enough;
the output of the obtained oxygen cannot be controlled in time depending on the need;
in the prototype [2] use low concentration peroxide, because catalase is inactivated under such conditions;
in the basic method, an additional operation is required - a decrease in alkalinity.

 The task is to increase the productivity of the method while controlling the oxygen output, as well as simplifying the method.

 In the method of enzymatic production of oxygen, fungal catalase of Penicillium vitale 1312/140 strain in a soluble or immobilized form is used as a catalyst.

 It is proposed to use 10-30% hydrogen peroxide as a source of oxygen at a weight ratio of peroxide to catalase (500-150): 1 or an aqueous solution of a peroxide-intensive salt or a mixture of salts, pH 4.5-8.5 at a ratio of peroxide to catalase (2000-1250): 1.

 A comparative analysis of the new and known methods shows their similarity and difference. Common features are the use of hydrogen peroxide [2] or peroxide-intensive salts [1] as oxygen sources and as a catalase catalyst [2].

The novelty of the method is
in the use of fungal catalase strain Penicillium vitale 1312/140 in soluble or immobilized form:
in the introduction of the specified catalase in a certain ratio in (10-30%) hydrogen peroxide or in a solution of peroxidized salt pH 4.5-8.5.

 It is not obvious that the method is carried out in the presence of catalase from sources of oxygen with a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide (10-30%), since it is known that this enzyme (from animal feed) loses its catalytic activity at peroxide concentrations of more than 0.34% (0 , 1 M) [3].

The new method is characterized by high productivity of oxygen output up to 2.5 l / min (1.6 l / min in the base method). At the same time, depending on the need, dosing of the oxygen output in time is achieved:
practically simultaneous release of 90% oxygen during 10 s using a soluble form of catalase;
or for 25 or more small portions when using an immobilized enzyme.

 Due to the use of one of the two forms of catalase, such process conditions make it possible to create reactors of continuous and discontinuous operation. In addition, upon decomposition of the peroxide, water is formed (yield up to 100%), the degree of purity of which is determined by the degree of purity of the initial hydrogen peroxide. It should also be noted that, unlike the basic one, the new method is less time-consuming (a number of operations are excluded), is not associated with energy consumption and allows water to be obtained in parallel with oxygen during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

PRI me R 1. In a reactor, which is a container with three holes for a thermometer, a separatory funnel and a pipe for the output of the formed oxygen, 5 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (1500 mg of H ₂ O ₂ ) are placed. The system is sealed. A solution of fungal catalase preparation of Penicillium vitale strain 1312/140 of the Kosara Biochemical Plant, containing 10 mg of the enzyme with an activity of 4000 U / mg, is fed from a separatory funnel. At a weight ratio of hydrogen peroxide and catalase equal to 150: 1 for 10 s, 417 ml of oxygen is released. The oxygen performance is 2.5 l / min. The specific yield of 278 ml of oxygen per 1 g of hydrogen peroxide.

 PRI me R s 2-5. Oxygen and water are obtained according to the procedure described in example 1. The selected conditions and the results obtained for each specific example are presented in table 1.

 Studies on the selection of optimal conditions have shown that increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide to 50-60% at a weight ratio of peroxide and enzyme of 150: 1 leads to incomplete decomposition of the peroxide - only 65-36%.

 A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide of less than 10% with a ratio of peroxide and enzyme of 500: 1 leads to unprofitability, excessive use of catalase.

 PRI me R 6. Oxygen is obtained in a reactor operating in a cyclic mode. 4 g of sodium perborate and 4 g of monosubstituted phosphoric acid potassium are introduced into the reactor filled with 3.5 g of the preparation of the Kosara biochemical plant immobilized on silochrome catalase with an activity of 4000 U / mg. Then served in the reactor 40 ml of water. The resulting oxygen is removed through a special hole. After the reaction (1 cycle), the next portion of salt is introduced, the amount of catalase remains unchanged.

 Efficient operation of the reactor is ensured for 55 cycles, although the reactor resource is not exhausted, and the amount of immobilized catalase corresponds to the initial load.

 PRI me R 7-8. Oxygen is obtained according to the procedure described in example 6. However, in reactors operating in a cyclic mode, 3.5 g of the catalase preparation are loaded, in one case immobilized on aerosil (example 7), and in the other on AI-109 resin (Kemerovo NGO "Karbolit") (example 8). The results obtained for each specific example are presented in table. 2.

Example 9. 2.5 g of sodium perborate and 1.5 g of oxalic acid are charged into a reactor, which is a vessel with three openings — for a thermometer, a separatory funnel, and a nozzle for the output of the generated oxygen. The system is sealed. An enzyme solution is supplied from a separatory funnel containing 1.25 mg of catalase - Penicillium vitale 1312/140 with an activity of 6000 U / mg, dissolved in 20 ml of water; the pH of the mixture is 4.5. The weight ratio of sodium perborate and catalase is 2000: 1. Maximum reaction temperature ^of 44 C. There are 600 ml O _2. The specific yield of O ₂ based on 1 g of sodium perborate is 612.40 ml.

Productivity 2 L O ₂ / min.

PRI me R 10. Oxygen is isolated similarly to the scheme described in example 9. However, 2.5 g of potassium perborate and 1.5 mg of 60% acetic acid are charged into the reactor. Then a fermented solution containing 1.5 mg of P. vitale 1312/140 catalase dissolved in 20 ml of water is fed; The pH of the mixture is 7.0. The weight ratio of potassium perborate and catalase is 1500: 1. The maximum temperature is 42 ^o C.

590 ml of O ₂ are isolated.

The specific yield of O ₂ 236 ml / g

Productivity 2.43 L O ₂ / min.

 PRI me R 11. Oxygen emit similarly to the scheme described in example 9.

However, 2.5 g of a mixture of sodium and potassium perborates are charged into the reactor, then 2.5 g of potassium phosphate monosubstituted are added. An enzyme solution is then supplied containing 2 mg of P.vitale 1312/140 catalase dissolved in 20 ml of water; The pH of the reaction mixture is 8.5. The weight ratio of the mixture of sodium and potassium perborates and catalase is 1250: 1. Maximum reaction temperature of 41 ° ^C. There are 580 ml of O _2.

The specific yield of O ₂ 232 ml / g

Productivity 2.53 L O ₂ / min.

 PRI me R 12. Oxygen emit similarly to the scheme described in example 9.

 However, 2.5 g of sodium perborate and 1.25 g of citric acid are charged into the reactor, then 1.25 kg of P. vitale 1312/140 catalase dissolved in 20 ml of water is added; The pH of the reaction mixture is 5.0. The weight ratio of sodium perborate and catalase is 2000: 1.

The maximum reaction temperature is 41.5 ^about C.

590 ml of O ₂ are isolated.

The specific yield of O ₂ 236 ml / g

Productivity 2.4 L About ₂ / min.

The results obtained confirm that the use of the fungal catalase Рnicillium vitale 1312/140 in soluble and immobilized form provides the following effects:
1.5 times increase in oxygen yield compared to the basic method [1];
regulation in time of oxygen output depending on the need - a large amount of oxygen is almost simultaneous (10 s) or small portions for a long time (at least 25 hours);
thanks to the use of immobilized catalase, the possibility of cyclic production of oxygen (at least 55 cycles);
ease of implementation due to the complete decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in one stage (within 10 s 90% yield of oxygen and water), as well as due to the reduction of labor and the use of a small amount of reagents in the reaction;
profitability due to low energy consumption (as opposed to the base one) and the use of reagents with low cost.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR PRODUCING OXYGEN, involving the interaction of catalase with an oxygen source, characterized in that they use the fungal catalase strain of the fungus Penicillium vitale 1312/140 in soluble or immobilized form with an activity of 4000 or 6000 U / mg at a rate of 1: (500 - 150) when using 10 - 30% hydrogen peroxide or 1: (2000 - 1250) when using an aqueous solution of a peroxide-high salt pH 4.5 - 8.5 as the oxygen source.

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