RU202135U1 - ROTARY GRATE - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed utility model relates to devices for solid fuel combustion. The rotor grate includes an inner drum, an outer cylindrical grate coaxial to the inner drum, radial ribs connected to the outer surface of the inner drum. The outer cylindrical grate is formed by radially disposed one-piece cast grate segments. Each segment is limited by radial ribs, between which radiators are located, connected to channels made on the outer surface of the segment. The segment is made with a sole, with an outer surface in the form of a tread, two ribs and two toothed canopies on one side of the ribs. The radiators of the segment have slots connected to the channels located on the protector of the segment and made in the form of a sinusoid. The grate segments are connected to the outer surface of the inner drum through a connecting ring. The device provides an increase in the efficiency of combustion of solid fuel in the bed by increasing the intensity and completeness of its combustion. 3 C.p. f-ly, 5 dwg

Description

The utility model relates to devices for burning solid fuel and can be used in heat power engineering, chemical and other industries.

Known rotary drum grate containing a perforated hollow drum mounted on hollow tubular supports, inside which a perforated cylinder is installed coaxially and with a gap, and the cavity of at least one tubular support is connected to the drum and to an air source. The drum element can be made of several coaxial sections, with adjacent sections provided with a common tubular support. In the perforated cylinder of the drum element, there can be a freely installed cylindrical shell provided on the outer wall with ribs, with a height less than half the gap between the perforated cylinder and the cylindrical shell. The ribs can be made in the form of a spiral (USSR patent 1024017, IPC F23H 9/02, publication date 06/15/1983).

The disadvantage of the analogue is the lack of the possibility of controlled slag removal and removal of the excess fuel layer, provided in the device itself, since the burning fuel layer lies, and when the element is turned, it slides along the smooth perforated cylindrical surface of the drum element. For controlled slag removal, an additional device is required, which complicates the entire structure and the process of burning solid fuel as a whole.

Known rotary grate containing a hollow body with a shaft for its rotation, a pipe for supplying a gaseous medium to the inside of the body and holes for the exit of a gaseous medium on the side surface of the body. The hollow body has the shape of a star in cross-section, and the indicated holes are located at the tops of its rays (USSR author's certificate 1232895, IPC F23H 9/02, publication date 05/23/1986).

During the operation of such a grate, installed in the bottom of the reaction chamber above the slag bunker, active combustion of pieces of fuel that have fallen into the longitudinal cavities between the rays of the star-shaped body of the grate is observed along the upper surface of these pieces, that is, in the zone into which a gaseous medium, for example, air enters coming out of the holes located for its exit at the tops of the rays. As a result, the efficiency of combustion of solid fuel in the bed decreases.

Known hot water boiler (patent RU 106723, IPC F24H 1/00, publication date 07/20/2011), including a grate containing an inner drum, coaxial to the inner drum, the outer grate cylindrical field, dividing radial ribs between the inner drum and the outer cylindrical grate field, forming sectors ... The device has increased strength due to the presence of an inner drum on which the radial ribs rest.

The disadvantage is low durability due to overheating of elements in contact with an open fire and uneven thermal expansion of elements located inside the combustion field, which leads to uneven forces within the structure due to uneven heating of structural elements. Low durability results in higher material consumption. The disadvantage is also the low manufacturability of production.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed one is the grate (patent RU 185115, IPC F23Н 9/02, publication date 11/22/2018). A grate containing an inner drum, an outer cylindrical grate coaxial to the inner drum, radial ribs between the inner drum and the outer cylindrical grate field, characterized in that the radial ribs and the outer drum of the grate are formed by radially disposed solid lamellas connected to the outer surface of the cylinder of the inner drum.

Each lamella can be cast, have a sole with a rib, a sole and two toothed visors on both sides of the rib. The lamellas can be connected to the outer surface of the inner drum by welding the sole. The lamellas can have holes in the center of the rib, connected by a fastening wire located concentrically to the inner drum. The ribs of the lamella can have blind radial fillets (recesses), and on the outer surface of the lamellae, which forms the outer grate field, there is a longitudinal barb (protrusion) oriented along the axis of the inner drum.

Disadvantages of the prototype device.

Time consuming assembly process a large number of lamellas are used. Each lamella must be installed, the sole welded, and zigzag slots between the toothed lamella peaks must be set.

It is extremely difficult to organize uniform channels between the ribs of the lamellas for the flow of air necessary to ensure the combustion of the fuel. As a result, it turns out that through some channels there is excessive blowing, while others can be completely closed, respectively, the combustion process is uneven.

The fastening wire connecting the lamellas prevents the even distribution of the air flow into the combustion zone.

During operation, clogging of the zigzag slots between the toothed visors of the adjacent lamellas occurs, which prevents air from entering the combustion zone. As a result, solid particles “sinter” and overheat of the outer surface of the lamellas, which significantly reduces the efficiency and, accordingly, the efficiency of the boiler as a whole.

The claimed device provides an increase in the efficiency of combustion of solid fuel in the bed by increasing the intensity and completeness of its combustion.

The technical result achieved with the implementation of this utility model consists in increasing the operational characteristics of the combustion device due to the rational distribution of air throughout the volume of the combusted fuel and reducing the operating temperature of the grate, leading to an increase in durability.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a rotary grate containing an inner drum, an external cylindrical grate coaxial to the inner drum, radial ribs connected to the outer surface of the inner drum, according to the claimed solution, the external cylindrical grate is formed by radially arranged one-piece cast grate segments, while each segment is limited by radial ribs, between which radiators are located, connected to channels made on the outer surface of the segment.

The device is complemented by private distinctive features that contribute to the achievement of the claimed technical result

Each segment is made with a sole, with an outer surface in the form of a tread, two ribs and two toothed peaks on one side of the ribs.

The segment radiators have slots connected to the channels located on the segment protector and made in the form of a sinusoid.

The grate segments are connected to the outer surface of the inner drum through a connecting ring.

Brief description of the drawings, where the figures show:

in fig. 1 is a general view of the rotor grate device;

in fig. 2 is a sectional view of a rotary grate;

in fig. 3 - general view of the grate segment in isometric;

in fig. 4 - fastening the segments of the rotor grate;

in fig. 5 - connecting ring.

The figures indicate: inner cylinder 1 of the inner drum, support plugs 2, central axial core 3, outer grate tread field 4, one-piece cast grate segments 5, rectangular base 6, end fixing holes 7, radial support ribs 8, end recess for the fixing ring 9, heat sinks 10, slots 11, external channels made in the form of a sinusoid 12, segment protector 13, toothed protrusions 14, a connecting ring 15, axial holes 16, a recess 17 for installing adjacent segments 5, guide bushings 18, a connection 19 with an inner drum.

The utility model includes (Fig. 1) an inner drum, consisting of an inner cylinder 1, support plugs 2 and a central axial core 3, an external grate tread field 4 located coaxially with the inner drum.

The tread field 4 is formed by radially arranged cooled one-piece cast grate segments 5. The grate segment 5 (Fig. 3) has a stable supporting rectangular base 6 with end fixing holes 7, two extreme supporting radial ribs 8. At both ends of segment 5, an end recess is made for the fixing ring 9. Between radial fins 8 heat sinks 10 are fixed. Radiators 10 are made in the form of a plate and have slots 11 made in the form of guiding air ducts located along the grate segment 5, integrally connected to external air ducts in the form of a sinusoid 12.

The outer surface of each segment is made in the form of a protector 13, which, when connected, forms an external grate protector field 4. External channels of air passage 12 are connected to the slots 11 at their abutment points for unhindered passage of air from the outer surface of the segment. To keep the fuel on the grate, the protector 13 is made in waves - it has protrusions and depressions. To efficiently adjoin the grate segments and create additional channels for supplying air to the combustion zone to the outer grate tread field, 4 radial ribs are provided with toothed canopies 14 on one side.

The grate segments 5 are connected to the outer surface of the inner drum through the connecting ring 15 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5), to create an external grate tread field 4. The connecting ring 15 has axial holes 16 and a recess 17 for installing adjacent segments 5. Grate segments 5 installed in the recesses 17, by aligning the axial holes 16 with the end mounting holes 7 of the segment and fixed through the guide bushings 18 by welding them to the connecting ring 15. The connecting ring 15 forms along the entire plane a fastening rib by welding it at the junction 19 in Fig. 4, 5 to the inner drum.

The device works as follows.

To the surface of the external grate protector field 4 through external channels made in the form of a sinusoid 12 and additional channels formed at the connection of the grate segments 5, between the toothed protrusions 14, air flows through the end plane of the grate to carry out the fuel combustion process. Heat-removing radiators 10 are guiding elements for air flow and when air passes through them, the radiators are cooled, removing thermal stress from the outer surface of each grate, eliminating overheating and ensuring the durability of the device.

The technical result is achieved due to the thermal relief of the grate, due to the use of heat-removing radiators inside the grate segment, heat from the surface of the grate, where the combustion process takes place, is transferred to the heat-removing radiators, respectively, the supplied air cools them, removing the thermal stress.

The high efficiency of the combustion process of solid fuel on the grate is ensured by the design features of the segments, which allow increasing the volume of air supplied for combustion due to the wide blowing channels both on the surface of the segments and between them, channels are not clogged, and therefore a large volume of air enters the grate protector.

As the load capacity of the grate, it is necessary to consider the resistance (strength) to physical influences on it during operation (the fuel supplied to the grate may contain solid rock or foreign objects that can damage it).

The rectangular support area of the grate segment due to the tight fit allows the segment to be stably positioned on the outer surface of the inner grate drum, and to avoid its shift and overlap of the air supply channels to the combustion zone to the outer grate tread field, which contributes to the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Fastening the grate segments through the connecting ring allows achieving their precise distribution on the surface of the inner drum and the formation of uniform channels for the passage of air between the segments, which also contributes to the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Claims (4)

1. A grate containing an inner drum, an outer cylindrical grate coaxial to the inner drum, radial ribs connected to the outer surface of the inner drum, characterized in that the outer cylindrical grate is formed by radially disposed one-piece cast grate segments, each segment being limited by radial ribs, between which there are radiators connected to channels made on the outer surface of the segment. 2. A grate according to claim 1, characterized in that each segment is made with a sole, with an outer surface in the form of a tread, two ribs and two toothed canopies on one side of the ribs. 3. A grate according to claim 1, characterized in that slots are made in the radiators of the segment, which are connected to the channels located on the protector of the segment and made in the form of a sinusoid. 4. A grate according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate segments are connected to the outer surface of the inner drum through a connecting ring.

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