RU2020115867A - Износостойкий слой - Google Patents

Износостойкий слой Download PDF

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RU2020115867A
RU2020115867A RU2020115867A RU2020115867A RU2020115867A RU 2020115867 A RU2020115867 A RU 2020115867A RU 2020115867 A RU2020115867 A RU 2020115867A RU 2020115867 A RU2020115867 A RU 2020115867A RU 2020115867 A RU2020115867 A RU 2020115867A
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wear
particles
mode
resistant
mixture
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RU2020115867A
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RU2773177C2 (ru
RU2020115867A3 (ru
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Вэй ЛЮ
Чжунмин ВАН
Эндрю БЭЛЛ
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ЭРЛИКОН МЕТКО (ЮЭс) ИНК.
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B23K10/006—Control circuits therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B23K10/02—Plasma welding
    • B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
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    • B22F2207/00—Aspects of the compositions, gradients
    • B22F2207/11—Gradients other than composition gradients, e.g. size gradients
    • B22F2207/13—Size gradients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/10—Carbide
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    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
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    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1035—Liquid phase sintering
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    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
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    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Claims (18)

1. Смесь для формирования износостойкого слоя (10, 20, 22, 60, 102) на подложке (13), смесь содержит частицы первого типа износостойких частиц (12) и частицы второго типа износостойких частиц (14), и связующее (13) износостойкого слоя для связывания первых и вторых износостойких частиц в износостойком слое (10, 20, 22, 60, 102), когда он формируется, причем распределения размеров износостойких частиц для первого (12) и второго (14) типов износостойких частиц имеют первую моду, соответственно, вторую моду, первый тип частиц (12) соотносится с первой модой и второй тип частиц (14) соотносится со второй модой, при этом количество NS первых износостойких частиц, соотносимых с первой модой, больше, чем количество NL вторых износостойких частиц, соотносимых со второй модой, причем вторая мода больше, чем первая мода.
2. Смесь по п.1, при этом смесь имеет форму порошка (71).
3. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой количество NL вторых частиц, соотносимых со второй модой, меньше 30%, в частности, находится в пределах между 5% и 30%, предпочтительно, между 15% и 30%, в частности, между 15% и 25% от общего количества NS+NL износостойких частиц, где количество NS первых частиц, соотносимых с первой модой, больше 70%, в частности, находится в пределах между 70% и 95%, предпочтительно, между 70% и 85%, в частности, между 75% и 85% от общего количества NS+NL износостойких частиц.
4. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой вторая моде больше, чем в два раза превышает, в частности, в три раза превышает, в частности в четыре раза превышает первую моду.
5. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой медианный размер D50S первых износостойких частиц (D50) больше, чем в два раза превышает медианный размер D50L вторых износостойких частиц, в частности, в три раза превышает, в частности, в четыре раза превышает медианный размер вторых частиц второй моды.
6. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой первые и вторые износостойкие частицы имеют размер в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 1,2 мм или размер в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 1 мм, или размер в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 420 мкм, в частности, размер в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 350 мкм, предпочтительно, размер в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 200 мкм, в частности, размер в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 50 мкм.
7. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой первые и/или вторые износостойкие частицы содержат, по меньшей мере, один материал из карбида вольфрама, эвтектической смеси карбида дивольфрама (W2C) и карбида вольфрама (WC), натурального алмаза, инкапсулированного алмазного порошка, измельченных поликристаллических алмазных компактов, карбида, нитрида, оксида переходного металл, округлых литых карбидов, остроугольных литых карбидов, цементированных гранул карбида вольфрама, цементированного карбида вольфрама, литого карбида вольфрама и карбидов моновольфрама.
8. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой связующее износостойкого слоя (13) содержит металлический связующий материал.
9. Смесь по п.8, в которой металлический связующий материал содержит, по меньшей мере, один металл из меди, олова, серебра, кобальта, никеля, бора, кадмия, марганца, цинка, железа, хрома, висмута, кремния или их сплава.
10. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой смесь содержит 35% - 75%, в особенности, 50% - 70%, предпочтительно, 35% - 60%, в частности, 35% - 50% масс первых и вторых износостойких частиц, и 25% - 65% в особенности 30% - 50%, предпочтительно, 40% - 65%, в частности, 50% - 65% масс связующего износостойкого слоя.
11. Смесь по любому из предыдущих пунктов, в которой смесь содержит 30%-50% масс связующего износостойкого слоя (13), 10%-30% масс порошка литого вольфрама в первом диапазоне размеров и 30%-50% масс порошка карбида вольфрама во втором диапазоне размеров.
12. Износостойкий слой на подложке, причем износостойкий слой (10, 20, 22, 60, 102) содержит: первый (12) и второй (14) типы износостойких частиц, связанные вместе с помощью связующего износостойкого слоя (13), где распределения размеров износостойких частиц для первого (12) и второго (14) типов износостойких частиц имеет первую моду, соответственно, вторую моду, первый тип частиц (12) соотносится с первой модой и второй тип частиц (14) соотносится со второй модой, где количество NS износостойких частиц первого типа (12) больше, чем количество NL износостойких частиц второго типа (14), и где вторая мода больше, чем первая мода.
13. Износостойкий слой по п. 12, в котором износостойкий слой (10, 20, 22, 60, 102) получают с использованием смеси по любому из пп. 1-11.
14. Способ формирования износостойкого слоя (10, 20, 22, 60, 102) на подложке (50, 72) с использованием смеси по любому из пп. 1-11, содержащий стадии:
нанесения смеси на подложку (50, 72), и
нагрева смеси первых и вторых износостойких частиц и связующего (13) износостойкого слоя для формирования износостойкого слоя.
15. Способ по п. 14, в котором связующее износостойкого слоя (13) содержит металлический связующий материал, причем способ включает плавление металлического связующего материала с образованием монолитной матрицы металлического связующего материала, и способ дополнительно включает плавление металлического материала, так что металлический материал проникает в первые и/или вторые износостойкие частицы.
16. Способ по любому из пп. 14 или 15, в котором способ дополнительно включает нагрев смеси, при этом нагревают первые и вторые износостойкие частицы и связующее (13) износостойкого слоя, в частности, включает нагрев смеси выше температуры адгезии подложки.
RU2020115867A 2017-10-31 2018-10-31 Износостойкий слой RU2773177C2 (ru)

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