RU2019139556A - Device and method for cooling liquefied gas and / or natural stripping gas from liquefied gas - Google Patents

Device and method for cooling liquefied gas and / or natural stripping gas from liquefied gas Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2019139556A
RU2019139556A RU2019139556A RU2019139556A RU2019139556A RU 2019139556 A RU2019139556 A RU 2019139556A RU 2019139556 A RU2019139556 A RU 2019139556A RU 2019139556 A RU2019139556 A RU 2019139556A RU 2019139556 A RU2019139556 A RU 2019139556A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
liquefied gas
specified
gas
outlet
pipe
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RU2019139556A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2769600C2 (en
RU2019139556A3 (en
Inventor
Мартин БУИССАРТ
Бруно ДЕЛЕТРЕ
Николас ХАКУИН
Original Assignee
Газтранспорт Эт Технигаз
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Publication of RU2019139556A publication Critical patent/RU2019139556A/en
Publication of RU2019139556A3 publication Critical patent/RU2019139556A3/ru
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F17C5/04—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. filling with helium or hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0169—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL subcooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0374—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the liquid
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Claims (30)

1. Устройство (10, 110) для охлаждения газа естественной отпарки для установки (12, 112) по производству энергии, в частности, на борту судна,включающее 1. A device (10, 110) for cooling natural stripping gas for an installation (12, 112) for the production of energy, in particular, on board a ship, including - основную цистерну (14, 114) для хранения сжиженного газа, включающую первый выпускной патрубок (45, 145) газа естественной отпарки,- the main tank (14, 114) for storing liquefied gas, including the first outlet (45, 145) of natural stripping gas, - средство (170 ХХХ) для принятия сжиженного газа в указанную основную цистерну и охлаждения сжиженного газа,- means (170 XXX) for receiving liquefied gas into the specified main tank and cooling the liquefied gas, - вспомогательную цистерну (30, 130) для охлажденного сжиженного газа, выполненную с возможностью хранения сжиженного газа, охлаждаемого указанным средством охлаждения, и- an auxiliary tank (30, 130) for cooled liquefied gas, configured to store liquefied gas cooled by said cooling means, and - первый контур (40, 140) теплообмена включающий впускной патрубок, соединенный с указанным первым выпускным патрубком указанной основной цистерны с целью циркуляции газа естественной отпарки в указанном контуре, при этом указанный первый контур выполнен с возможностью сообщения с указанной вспомогательной цистерной, чтобы указанный газ естественной отпарки, проходящий через указанный первый контур, охлаждался посредством охлажденного сжиженного газа, хранящегося в указанной вспомогательной цистерне или поступающего из указанной вспомогательной цистерны.- the first heat exchange circuit (40, 140) including an inlet pipe connected to the specified first outlet pipe of the specified main tank for the purpose of circulating natural stripping gas in the specified circuit, while the specified first circuit is configured to communicate with the specified auxiliary tank so that the said natural gas stripping passing through said first circuit was cooled by means of cooled liquefied gas stored in said auxiliary tank or coming from said auxiliary tank. 2. Устройство (10, 110) по предшествующему пункту, дополнительно включающее первый барабан (50, 150) сепарации, впускной патрубок которого соединен с выпускным патрубком указанного первого контура (40, 140) для подачи в указанный первый барабан охлажденного газа естественной отпарки и повторно конденсированного газа естественной отпарки, образующего охлажденный сжиженный газ, при этом указанный первый барабан включает первый выпускной патрубок газа естественной отпарки и второй выпускной патрубок охлажденного сжиженного газа, соединенный с указанной основной цистерной, выполненной с возможностью закачки охлажденного сжиженного газа в указанную основную цистерну.2. The device (10, 110) according to the preceding paragraph, additionally including the first separation drum (50, 150), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the said first circuit (40, 140) for supplying the said first drum with the cooled natural stripping gas and again of condensed natural stripping gas forming a cooled liquefied gas, wherein said first drum includes a first natural stripping gas outlet and a second cooled liquefied gas outlet connected to said main tank configured to pump the cooled liquefied gas into said main tank. 3. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из предшествующих пунктов, включающее по меньшей мере один первый компрессор (26, 126), впускной патрубок которого соединен с указанным первым выпускным патрубком газа естественной отпарки из указанной основной цистерны (14, 114) и/или с указанным первым выпускным патрубком газа естественной отпарки из указанного первого барабана (50, 150).3. A device (10, 110) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one first compressor (26, 126), an inlet of which is connected to said first outlet of natural stripping gas from said main tank (14, 114) and / or with the specified first outlet of natural stripping gas from the specified first drum (50, 150). 4. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором указанное средство охлаждения включает второй контур (172) теплообмена, который выполнен с возможностью обмена теплом со сжиженным газом в указанной вспомогательной цистерне (30, 130) или поступающим из указанной вспомогательной цистерны (30, 130), и в котором охлаждающая жидкая среда циркулирует, обеспечивает охлаждение указанного сжиженного газа и производство охлажденного сжиженного газа.4. A device (10, 110) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which said cooling means includes a second heat exchange circuit (172) that is configured to exchange heat with liquefied gas in said auxiliary tank (30, 130) or supplied from said auxiliary tanks (30, 130), and in which the cooling liquid medium circulates, provides cooling of the specified liquefied gas and the production of cooled liquefied gas. 5. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из пп. 1–3, в котором указанное средство охлаждения включает 5. Device (10, 110) according to any one of claims. 1-3, in which the specified cooling means includes - второй барабан (24), впускной патрубок которого соединен с первым концом первой трубы (18, 118), второй конец которой погружен в сжиженный газ, содержащийся в указанной основной цистерне (14, 114), при этом указанная первая труба выполнена с возможностью подачи в указанный первый барабан сжиженного газа, и- the second drum (24), the inlet of which is connected to the first end of the first pipe (18, 118), the second end of which is immersed in the liquefied gas contained in the specified main tank (14, 114), while the specified first pipe is configured to supply into the specified first drum of liquefied gas, and - вторую трубу (31), первый конец которой соединен с первым выпускным патрубком охлажденного сжиженного газа указанного второго барабана, и второй конец которой соединен с указанной вспомогательной цистерной, выполненной с возможностью подачи в указанную вспомогательную цистерну (30, 130) охлажденного сжиженного газа.- a second pipe (31), the first end of which is connected to the first outlet of the cooled liquefied gas of the specified second drum, and the second end of which is connected to the specified auxiliary tank, configured to supply the said auxiliary tank (30, 130) of the cooled liquefied gas. 6. Устройство (10, 100) по предшествующему пункту, включающее первый теплообменник (60), первичный контур (60а) которого имеет впускной патрубок, соединенный с выпускным патрубком сжиженного газа из указанной основной цистерны (14), и выпускной патрубок, соединенный с впускным патрубком указанной вспомогательной цистерны (30), выполненной с возможностью подачи в указанную вспомогательную цистерну сжиженного газа, и вторичный контур (60b) содержащий впускной патрубок, соединенный с указанной первой трубой (18), и выпускной патрубок, соединенный с впускным патрубком указанного второго барабана (24).6. The device (10, 100) according to the preceding paragraph, comprising a first heat exchanger (60), the primary circuit (60a) of which has an inlet pipe connected to an outlet pipe of liquefied gas from said main tank (14), and an outlet pipe connected to an inlet a branch pipe of said auxiliary tank (30), configured to supply liquefied gas to said auxiliary tank, and a secondary circuit (60b) containing an inlet connected to said first pipe (18) and an outlet connected to an inlet of said second drum ( 24). 7. Устройство (10, 110) по п. 5 или 6, включающее7. Device (10, 110) according to claim 5 or 6, including - первый насос (16a, 116a), соединенный с указанным вторым концом указанной первой трубы (18, 118), и выполненный с возможностью погружения в указанный сжиженный газ, содержащийся в указанной основной цистерне (14, 114) таким образом, чтобы обеспечить циркуляцию сжиженного газа через указанную первую трубу от указанной основной цистерны до указанного второго барабана (24), и- the first pump (16a, 116a), connected to the specified second end of the specified first pipe (18, 118), and made with the possibility of immersion in the specified liquefied gas contained in the specified main tank (14, 114) so as to circulate the liquefied gas through said first pipe from said main tank to said second drum (24), and - второй насос (35), соединенный с указанной второй трубой (31) таким образом, чтобы обеспечить циркуляцию охлажденного сжиженного газа из указанного второго барабана (24) с указанной вспомогательной цистерной (30, 130).- a second pump (35) connected to said second pipe (31) so as to circulate the cooled liquefied gas from said second drum (24) with said auxiliary tank (30, 130). 8. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из пп. 5–7, в котором указанная первая труба (18, 118) включает средство (19) испарения.8. Device (10, 110) according to any one of claims. 5-7, wherein said first tube (18, 118) includes vaporization means (19). 9. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из предшествующих пунктов, включающее по меньшей мере, один второй компрессор (28, 128), впускной патрубок которого соединен с указанным первым выпускным патрубком (45, 145) газа естественной отпарки из указанной основной цистерны (14, 114), при этом указанный второй компрессор включает выпускной патрубок, соединенный с указанным впускным патрубком указанного первого контура (40, 140).9. A device (10, 110) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one second compressor (28, 128), the inlet of which is connected to said first outlet (45, 145) of natural stripping gas from said main tank ( 14, 114), wherein said second compressor includes an outlet connected to said inlet of said first circuit (40, 140). 10. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из пп. 5–8, в котором указанный впускной патрубок указанного второго компрессора (28, 128) дополнительно соединен со вторым выпускным патрубком газа из указанного второго барабана (24) и/или со вторым выпускным патрубком газа из указанного первого барабана (50, 150).10. Device (10, 110) according to any one of claims. 5-8, wherein said inlet of said second compressor (28, 128) is additionally connected to a second outlet of gas from said second drum (24) and / or to a second outlet of gas from said first drum (50, 150). 11. Устройство (10, 110) по пп. 3, 9 или 10, в котором впускной патрубок указанного второго компрессора (28) соединен с выпускным патрубком указанного первого компрессора (26).11. The device (10, 110) according to PP. 3, 9 or 10, in which an inlet of said second compressor (28) is connected to an outlet of said first compressor (26). 12. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из пп. 9–11, в котором указанный первый или второй компрессор (26, 28, 126) включает выпускной патрубок, выполненный с возможностью подачи топливного газа, в частности, в указанную установку (12, 112).12. Device (10, 110) according to any one of claims. 9-11, in which said first or second compressor (26, 28, 126) includes an outlet that is configured to supply fuel gas, in particular, to said installation (12, 112). 13. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из пп. 9–12, в котором указанный впускной патрубок указанного первого контура (40, 140) соединен с указанным выпускным патрубком указанного первого или второго компрессора (26, 28, 126) посредством первичного контура (42b, 142b) второго теплообменника (42, 142), при этом второй теплообменник содержит вторичный контур (42a, 142a), впускной патрубок которого соединен с указанным первым выпускным патрубком (45, 145) газа естественной отпарки из указанной основной цистерны (14, 114) и выпускной патрубок которого соединен с впускным патрубком указанного первого или второго компрессора.13. Device (10, 110) according to any one of claims. 9-12, in which said inlet of said first circuit (40, 140) is connected to said outlet of said first or second compressor (26, 28, 126) via a primary circuit (42b, 142b) of a second heat exchanger (42, 142), wherein the second heat exchanger contains a secondary circuit (42a, 142a), the inlet pipe of which is connected to the specified first outlet pipe (45, 145) of natural stripping gas from the specified main tank (14, 114) and the outlet pipe of which is connected to the inlet pipe of the said first or second compressor. 14. Устройство (10, 110) по любому из предшествующих пунктов, в котором указанная вспомогательная цистерна (30, 130) соединена с первым концом третьей трубы (32, 132) охлажденного сжиженного газа, второй конец которой соединен с указанной основной цистерной (14, 114), при этом указанная третья труба выполнена с возможностью транспортировки по меньшей мере части указанного охлажденного сжиженного газа из указанной вспомогательной цистерны в указанную основную цистерну.14. A device (10, 110) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which said auxiliary tank (30, 130) is connected to the first end of a third pipe (32, 132) of refrigerated liquefied gas, the second end of which is connected to said main tank (14, 114), wherein said third pipe is configured to transport at least a portion of said cooled liquefied gas from said auxiliary tank to said main tank. 15. Устройство (10, 110) по предшествующему пункту, в котором указанная третья труба включает погружную трубу (34, 134), выполненную с возможностью погружения в сжиженный газ, содержащийся в указанной основной цистерне (14, 114) и/или распылительный коллектор (22, 122), расположенный в указанной основной цистерне, выполненный с возможностью закачки охлажденного сжиженного газа в указанную основную цистерну.15. A device (10, 110) according to the preceding claim, wherein said third pipe includes an immersion pipe (34, 134) adapted to be immersed in a liquefied gas contained in said main tank (14, 114) and / or a spray manifold ( 22, 122), located in said main tank, configured to pump cooled liquefied gas into said main tank. 16. Судно, в частности, для транспортировки сжиженного газа, включающее по меньшей мере одно устройство (10, 110) по любому из предшествующих пунктов.16. A vessel, in particular for the transportation of liquefied gas, comprising at least one device (10, 110) according to any of the preceding claims. 17. Способ подачи топливного газа в установку (12, 112) по производству энергии, в частности, на борту судна, с помощью устройства (10, 110) по любому из пп. 1–15, включающий наблюдение по меньшей мере за одним параметром потребления газа указанной установкой, и17. The method of supplying fuel gas to the installation (12, 112) for the production of energy, in particular, on board the ship, using the device (10, 110) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-15, including monitoring at least one parameter of gas consumption by the specified installation, and - этап подготовки и хранения охлажденного сжиженного газа, например, в указанной вспомогательной цистерне, если значение указанного параметра выше заданного порогового значения,- the stage of preparation and storage of refrigerated liquefied gas, for example, in the specified auxiliary tank, if the value of the specified parameter is higher than the specified threshold value, - этап повторной конденсации газа естественной отпарки, производимого в избытке в указанной основной цистерне, если значение указанного параметра ниже заданного порогового значения.- the stage of re-condensation of natural stripping gas produced in excess in the specified main tank, if the value of the specified parameter is lower than the specified threshold value. 18. Способ по предшествующему пункту, в котором охлажденный сжиженный газ готовится, если производство газа естественной отпарки является недостаточным для удовлетворения потребности в газе указанной установки.18. A method according to the preceding claim, wherein the cooled liquefied gas is prepared if the natural stripping gas production is insufficient to meet the gas demand of said plant. 19. Способ по предшествующему пункту, в котором сжиженный газ охлаждается путем принятия, расширения и сепарации фаз сжиженного газа, содержащегося в указанной основной цистерне.19. A method according to the preceding claim, wherein the liquefied gas is cooled by receiving, expanding and phase separation of the liquefied gas contained in said main tank. 20. Способ по любому из пп. 17–19, в котором указанный охлажденный сжиженный газ хранится в основной цистерне для конденсации газа естественной отпарки в этой цистерне, в частности, если доступное количество газа естественной отпарки в этой цистерне превышает потребности указанной установки.20. The method according to any one of claims. 17-19, in which said refrigerated liquefied gas is stored in the main tank for condensing the natural stripping gas in this tank, in particular if the available amount of natural stripping gas in this tank exceeds the requirements of the said installation.
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