RU2018072C1 - Conveyor drier for articles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drying of ceramic articles. SUBSTANCE: drier has concrete chamber 1 divided into four sections 2,3,4 and 5 which accommodates conveyor drier 6 moved along guides on roller supports by means of chains. Cones 7 and 8 are installed over and under belt in first section. Narrow part of cones serves to feed heat carrier and remove used heat carrier. Installed over belt in second section are cones 9 connected with line 10. These cones are intended for removal of heat carrier. Screw 11 connected to line 12 along which heat carrier is delivered to siren 13 is arranged under belt in second section. In third section siren 14 is fitted in canopy 15 arranged over belt. Cones 16 are arranged under belt in third section. Narrow parts of cones of second and third sections are connected with used heat carrier removing line 17 and with line 18. EFFECT: enhanced quality of drying. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the production of ceramic materials and can be used for drying bricks, tiles, tiles, acid-resistant Raschig rings, heat-insulating shells and other ceramic products, and can be used for artificial carbonization of silicate brick.

 A device is known, which consists of a camera and a horizontal chain conveyor installed in it with a perforated web and radiation sources located below and above the conveyor and having lines of fresh and spent coolant.

 The disadvantages of the known device: the drying process is not sufficiently effective due to the poor uniformity of the distribution of coolant in the temperature regime and relative humidity.

 The aim of the present invention is to accelerate the drying process. This is achieved by the fact that the conveyor dryer for products is located in a horizontal chamber, which includes four sections: in the first section, the products are heated, in the second and third sections - the products are dried, and in the fourth section the products are cooled. Ceramic products, in particular brick, having passed all four sections, comes from the conveyor to a vibratory feeder, and then to a conveyor.

 The drawing shows a General view of the described device, which consists of a concrete chamber 1, it is divided into four sections 2, 3, 4 and 5, inside it is a conveyor dryer 6, which moves on chains with roller bearings along the guides. The conveyor belt is mounted from perforated steel plates with stiffeners. The speed of the conveyor dryer in a horizontal chamber is determined by the set time for drying ceramic products and varies from 0.5 to 2 m / min.

 In the first section, cones 7 and 8 are installed above the tape and under the tape. The narrow part of the cones serves to supply the coolant and to discharge the spent coolant. To regulate the flow of coolant and its removal from the sections in the narrow parts of the cones there are valves that are indicated by circles, the same circles indicate valves on the lines.

 In the second section, cones 9 are installed above the tape for the removal of coolant, which are connected to line 10. Under the tape in the second section is an umbrella 11 that is connected to line 12 for supplying the coolant to the siren 13.

 In the third section, the siren 14 is mounted in an umbrella 15, which is located above the tape, under the tape in the third section there are cones 16. The narrow parts of the cones of the second and third sections are connected to the exhaust heat transfer pipe 17 and line 18. A pipe 19 is installed above the camera for exhaust waste the coolant from the sections when it accumulates due to insufficient suction through the cone. The pipe is connected to the line 20 for introducing waste heat carrier into the first section into the upper parts of the narrow cones, and the pipe is connected to the line 21 for entering the waste heat carrier into the lower cones through their narrow parts.

 In the fourth section, cones 22 are located above the tape, their narrow parts are connected to the cold air inlet line 23, and under the tape of this section is an umbrella 24, its conical part is connected to the candle 25 (and line 17). A vibratory feeder 26 is installed at the discharge end of the conveyor dryer; it is connected to the conveyor 27.

 Conveyor dryer for products, mainly ceramic, operates as follows. On the protruding end of the conveyor 6 from under the chamber 1 is loaded raw brick or other ceramic products that enter the first section 2 of the chamber. Here, the raw brick is heated to the desired temperature and slightly dried due to the waste coolant, which comes simultaneously from the cones 7 and 8 located above the tape and under the tape. The intake of waste coolant in the first section is controlled by valves. In accordance with this, from sections 3.4 and 5 (from section 5 only for diluting the waste heat carrier to maintain the desired temperature), the waste heat medium flows through lines 17, 18, 20 and 21. The relative humidity in the first section can be adjusted and set in depending on the type of ceramic products.

 In sections 3 and 4, if necessary, a humidified coolant can be used, introduced through line 12, as well as without humidification. In section 3, that is, in the second section, the raw brick is dried at a higher temperature, as this is facilitated by siren 13, which is located in umbrella 11. Under the influence of the energy of acoustic vibrations, it intensifies heat transfer. As a result, the movement of moisture from the center of the raw brick to its surface is intensified, which ensures intensification of drying of products without sudden shrinkage. From the umbrella, the coolant passes through the tape and washes the underlying raw brick on the tape below and enters the cones 9, and then to line 17. The removal of the spent coolant from section 3 is regulated by valves installed on the narrow parts of the cones. In the next section 4, the raw brick is also dried, as in section 3, but only here the umbrella 15 is located above the tape, and the coolant enters the siren 14, as well as from line 12. The acoustic vibration has similar effects on the raw brick, than and provides intensification of drying products. The spent coolant from the umbrella enters the cone 16 and then to line 17.

 Thus, the raw brick, after passing sections 3 and 4, is evenly dried, and in section 5 the brick is cooled. To do this, cold air is supplied through line 23, which enters through the cones 22. To avoid sharp cooling of the brick, the air supply line can be connected to the line 17 of section 3 and the cooled air can be introduced into the cones 22 at a certain temperature. They regulate the air supply with valves that are installed in the narrow parts of the cones, the air washes the brick and then is sucked out through an umbrella 24 located under the tape. The conical part of the umbrella is connected to the candle 25 and line 17. Since clay is classified according to the degree of plasticity, the drying mode of each type of ceramic products must be established experimentally. Brick after drying and cooling in sections from a conveyor dryer enters the vibrator 26, and from it to the conveyor 27, which delivers the brick to the unloading platform.

 In order to use a conveyor dryer for artificial carbonation of silicate brick, carbon dioxide under pressure must be supplied to all cones located in the sections and to the serenes mounted in umbrellas. The pressure with which carbon dioxide must be supplied is established experimentally. It is possible to carbonize not only silicate bricks, but also silicate products, carbon dioxide exhaust from calcareous kilns or from other industrial furnaces.

 The use of a conveyor dryer for bricks and other ceramic products allows the implementation of processes that provide a sharp reduction in the drying time, which makes it possible to increase the productivity of enterprises, improve working conditions, obtain defect-free products and reduce the cost of bricks and other ceramic products, which creates economic efficiency.

Claims (2)

 1. CONVEYOR DRYER FOR PRODUCTS, mainly ceramic, containing a chamber and a horizontal chain conveyor installed in it with a perforated web, radiation sources located below and above the conveyor, and fresh and spent coolant lines, characterized in that, in order to accelerate the drying process, the camera along the conveyor is divided into four sections by means of vertical partitions, the radiation sources are made acoustic in the form of umbrellas with spirals mounted in them, connected to a fresh line coolant installed in the second section under the conveyor, and in the third above it, while the chamber is equipped with cone nozzles, which in the first section are located below and above the conveyor and are connected respectively to the lines of fresh and spent coolant, in the second and third sections, the cone nozzles are located with the side of the conveyor, opposite the umbrellas, and connected to the exhaust fluid line, in the fourth section, the cone nozzles are located above the conveyor and are connected to the atmosphere and an umbrella is located under the conveyor Inonu with lines of fresh and spent coolant.  2. The dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that at the outlet of the fourth section, a vibration unloading device is additionally installed.